Where are the Atlas Mountains in Africa. Atlas (Mountain System)

Atlas (Atlas Mountains) - Atlas (Atlas Mountains), northwestern Africa, within Morocco, Algeria and Tunisia. Atlas, Mountains - Mountain chain in North. Zap. Africa, in the current Berberia, known in antiquity under the same name, but also at present very little studied. Ridge length - 2092 km. The highest point is Mount Tubkal (4167 m), is located in the south-west of Morocco.

Length approx. 2000 km. Consists of xp. Tel Atlas, High Atlas, Wed. Atlas, Sugar Atlas, Internal Plateau (High Plateau, Moroccan Plate) and Plains. The extinct volcano Kilimanjaro (5963 m) the highest point of the mainland and other high mountains There are on a broken discharge of East African Plateau. Aberdar Range (English Lord Aberdare Range) is a mountain range in Africa, located in the center of Kenya, north of her capital, Nairobi.

Geology and Relief Africa

From the Mountain Woster turn on S.-Z.-Z. On the windward slopes on Z. - mainly secondary thickets of evergreen shrubs (Finbosh), on V. - mixed coniferous-deciduous forests on brown and mining brown soils. In East Africa, there is the largest rode of the earth's crust on land (great East African faults).

On the territory of Africa, equatorial, two subequatorial and two tropical climatic belts. Most north coast And the southern tip of the mainland is located in subtropical belts. The most dry B. North Africa - In Sahara. For the first time, the antique world found out about the existence of the Atlas Mountains from the tricks of the Phoenicians. Traveling two Czechoslovak engineers of Jirja Ganzelki and Miroslav Zikmund on Tatra 87 by North Africa.

The authors are watching life in Africa, collect information about the cultural, geographical and other features of the "Black Continent", deepen in ancient history Africa. In this book, the author briefly summarizes all the main events and the results of its half-century act ... Fascinating, more than half-day, chase with fights and explosions in the h / f "Born Identity" was removed in Tangier. Initially, the atlas was called only part of the mining system within ancient mavergeni, that is, the West and the center of modern satin.

Inhabited mainly by Arabs and Berbers (Morocco), including Cabilles (Algeria). In the mountains of the High Atlas, the last of those Berkers live, who fully retain their traditions. The ancient Greek legends and the poems of Homer (between the XII and VII centuries to N, eh.) They brought to this day the history of the Great Titan of Atlas to this day. But it was also buried at him: the Atlas, whom in some legends also called the African king, had the negligence to refuse the hospitality to the legendary Greek hero to Perse.

Atlas is a whole mountain country. It stretches from the coast of the Atlantic, crossing the African continent from the West to the East almost along the coast Mediterranean Sea (Ridge Telle Atlas). South and inland areas are dry climates, so that cereal plants, nick and wormwood, are mainly survived.

The other spill passes along the coast of the Mediterranean Sea, and it is he who provokes an earthquake in this part of the ridge. Atlas was formed by three phases. The second stage of the Mesozoic times has formed most of the modern high satin, then he rested at the bottom of the ocean.

Hike to Africa! Trekking in Morocco "High Satin Mountains and Climbing Tubkal"

Sigor mountains with a capricious climate are not uninhabited region: there are rivers (especially in the north-west), along which settlements have long been formed. Even floods occur on them - in winter, but in the summer they almost completely dry, especially in the southern and interior areas. They lead a more settling lifestyle, live in homes, are engaged in agriculture and successfully own the crafts.

Some Berber tribes are exclusively engaged in cattle breeding, but at the same time they have permanent villages where they are returned after grazing in the mountains, where they live in temporary camps. Berbers represent mostly Moroccan part of the inhabitants of the mountains. On the side of Algeria, they were also mastered by the cabins (local varieties of Berber).

Moreover, the district of the Atlas Mountains is considered their homeland. Perhaps in North Africa until the end of the XIX century. There was a bear. The Atlas Brown Bear just dwell in the area of \u200b\u200bthe Atlask Mountains and the districts, now turned into a part of the Sahara desert, which they say fossil remains. In one of the villages of the Atlas Mountains there was a first shooting platform of the film "Prince of Persia: Sands of Time".

Crystal rocks are only on South and North. Side A., in the numerous coastal paragraphs of the Mediterranean Sea and in separate elliptic masses within the country. On more high vertices Mountains snow lies in a continuation of a significant part of the year, but at Miltzin, it completely messes only 1 time in a continuation of 20 years; Glaciers are not completely.

Initially, the population of the mountains, in all likelihood, owned by the country even before the invasion of Vandals and Arabs, was Berbers who also zap. Sahara. Africa, from several parallel chains. Length is 2.300 km. Atlas is divided into Moroccan and Algeria Tunisian. Southern foothills of Sugar Atlas.

More south, in the zone of high and sugar A., \u200b\u200bas well as on average, the power of the Mesozoic increases and at the same time its folding is significantly increased. Internal areas occupy denudation and accumulative plains, coastal ridges, remaining plateau. On Y. The slopes of the mountains are covered with crubbed orals, physical weathelation actively flows.

Atlas (Greek. Atlas), mountainous country on S.-Z. Africa. Atlas Mountains - Mountains of Africa, with the origin of which are associated with many legends. In the mountains, deposits of iron ore and copper, iron and lead, lime, stone salt and marble are being developed. According to Arabic literary sources, some Berber tribes who lived in the Atlas Mountains adhere to Judaism.

Atlas Mountains are a huge mining systemLocated in the North-West Africa, stretching from the shores of Tunisia to the Atlantic coast of Morocco through Algeria. Ridge length is 2500 km. The highest point is Mount Tubkal (4168 m), located in the southwest Morocco. Initially, the atlas was called only the part of the mining system, which was located within ancient Mauritania - the center and the west of the modern atlas. The Atlas Mountains separate the Atlantic and Mediterranean coast from the Sahara desert. They consist of ridges high atlas, tel-atlas and sugar atlas, as well as internal plateaus (Moroccan Plate, High Plateau) and Plains.

For the first time on the existence of the mountains of Atlas, the ancient world found out from numerous travels of the Phoenicians, and then from the navigation of Polybia and Gannon's testes dating from 150 a year before our era. The first who crossed the Atlas Mountain was the Romans Guy Lights Powling, this happened in 42 of our era. Detailed description Atlas is available in the writings of Maxim from Tire (2 century of our era). Nowadays, Atlas Mountains are very popular with tourists, there are many hiking trails.

Mountain chain in North. Zap. Africa, in the current Berberia, known in antiquity under the same name, but also at present very little studied. A. It stretches for approximately 2,300 km in the direction of Z.Yu.Z. At V.S.V. through… … Encyclopedic Dictionary F.A. Brockhaus and I.A. Efron

Atlas (Atlas Mountains), northwestern Africa, within Morocco, Algeria and Tunisia. Length about 2000 km. Consists of ridges Tel Atlas, high atlas, middle atlas, sugar atlas, internal plateau (high plateau, Moroccan Plateau) and ... ... encyclopedic Dictionary

Modern encyclopedia

- (Atlas Mountains) in northwestern Africa, within Morocco, Algeria and Tunisia. Length approx. 2000 km. Consists of xp. Tel Atlas, High Atlas, Wed. Atlas, Sugar Atlas, Internal Plateau (High Plateau, Moroccan Plate) and Plains. Height up to 4165 ... Big Encyclopedic Dictionary

Atlas - (Atlas Mountains), northwestern Africa (Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia). Length about 2000 km. Height up to 4165 m (Mount Tubkal). Consists of ridges (Tel Atlas, High Atlas, Middle Atlas, Sugar Atlas), Internal Plateau (High Plateau, Moroccan ... Illustrated Encyclopedic Dictionary

Mountain chain in North. Zap. Africa, in the current Berberia, known in antiquity under the same title, but also at present very little studied. A. Tits approximately for 230 km. In the direction of the Zuzyn. at the NVT Through Morocco, ... ... Encyclopedia Brockhaus and Ephron

- (English Atlas of Canada) Internet Atlas, which is published by the Ministry Natural resources Canada (English Natural Resources Canada) and contains information about each settlement Canada. Initially, the Atlas was produced in printed ... ... Wikipedia

I. Atlas A; m. [Him. Atlas from Greek. Atlas (atlantos)]. What and from the ODA. 1. Collection of geographical, astronomical, etc. kart. A. World. BUT. road roads. Geographical a. Star a. ● According to the image of the mythological titan of Atlanta on the first ... ... encyclopedic Dictionary

1. In the Greek Mythology of Ore, in Greek mythology, the goddess nature and the seasons. Usually there were three, and they personified the spring, summer and winter. They were portrayed by young and beautiful devices, accompanied by nymphs and graces (Harita). According to ... ... Encyclopedia Color

Books

• Great gift. Animals and plants. Puzzle 260 details + Atlas with stickers + game cards ,. The set includes: - Puzzle card. Animal I. vegetable world Earth. Format 33 x 47 cm, 260 parts. - Atlas of the world with stickers. Animals and plants. Format 21 x 29, 7 cm, 70 stickers. - Set ...
• My first illustrated geographical satin ,. A unique satin with bright illustrations briefly, accessible and understandable for kids talks about the Earth, its continents, the plant and animal world, weather and time. Considering him, the child ...

The system of mountain ranges and intergurigious plateau within Morocco, Algeria and Tunisia (Maghreb countries), which carries the general name of the Atlas Mountains and takes the most north of the continent.

They are named so the Greeks still in antique antiquity in honor of the mythical titanium of Atlas. The mountain range stretches from the south-west to the northeast for 2000 km, on three sides is washed by the waters of the Mediterranean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean. In the south, the border with sugar is carried out along the foot of the mountains. This part of the Alpine-Himalayan belt arose relatively recently and joined Africa as a result of the closure of the Ocean Tetis. The relief of the southern part of the region is formed on the structures of the Gersinsky, and the North-Alpine age. Atlas lies mainly within the subtropical belt and is experiencing a strong influence of the Mediterranean Sea.

This is a mountainous country within the moving belt, unlike most African regions. It is characterized by a scene-shaped interpretation of the ridges.

These are mainly mountains with medium heights of 1200-1500 meters. Maximum height - Tubkal in high atlas (4165 meters). The formation of folded structures began in the Gersinsky time. Only antiats in the south is a block block within the outskirts of the ancient Sugar plate. Most of the ridges (high, medium, Sugar Atlas) are folding-block structures formed during the period of active tectonic activity in neogen when the Hercinian folded structures were divided into blocks and raised. Volcanic eruptions occurred over fault lines. In the Epoch of Alpine Orogenesis, a huge block of Moroccan mezet launched into the field of atlas, smyster in steep folds of limestone strata. As a result, a folded erre reef was formed with the Precambrian kernel in the axial zone. Tel Atlas arose a little earlier, in the east within its limits, crushed in the folds of Triass salty rocks. In anthropogen, non-Moscow movements separated the Atlas system from Sicily. The spill formed along the coast was accompanied by volcanism. Now it is a seismically nervous area. Between Tel Atlas and the Sugar Atlas within the tectonic depression on an ancient tough lump of a high plateau (sometimes they call the Schott Plateau, or Oran-Algerian plateau). Thus, in the structure of the surface of the Atlas system, mountain ranges are combined, high intergountain plateau, hilly plains folded by limestone, sandstones, slates that are broken by intrusion. In the mountains of the breed is strongly deployed. The narrow coastal strip occupies the lowland, which is slightly expanding within the Tunisia.

For the atlas of the mountains, a strong erosion dismemberment is characteristic. The eroded denudation, inclined surfaces are widely represented, landslide, soliduluction, ribbous-crop processes are also manifested. The foot of the southern slopes are traced by proluavial loops. For the indental lowland, a dune-relief is characteristic.

In the region of Atlas Mountains are very diverse climatic conditions. In the north, the typical Mediterranean type of climate is dominated, the internal areas are characterized by a high degree of continentality, in the southern part of the climate tropical desert.

The big difference exists in the amount of precipitation: in the northern slopes there are more than 1000 mm per year (mainly in winter), in the inner areas and on the leeward southern and southeastern slopes of 200-400 mm, and on the border with sugar - 150-190 mm . It is clearly expressed as an increase in aridity from the west to the East due to the increase in dryness of air in the warm sectors of winter cyclones.

Temperature differences are manifested mainly in the winter season: in the Mediterranean part and in the south of the average January 10-12 ° C, on the Atlantic coast - about 5 ° C (the influence of the Eastern Periphery of the Azor Maximum and Cold Canary), and in the inner areas 5 months per year are negative temperatures, the power of snow cover in some places reaches two meters. Summer roast (30-32 ° C), cooler (21-22 ° C) only in the indental area. Frequently in the spring, strong hot winds Samum and Hamsin with sandy and dust storms. It can rise to 50 ° C.

The river network is poorly developed, most rivers have no constant watercourse.

Winter consumption of the largest rivers can reach 1000 m 3 / s, and in the summer to be 1-5 m 3 / s6k.

On the inner plateau there are drying salted lakes - Schotta (Tiger, Jerid, etc.).

In the vegetation cover there is a transition from the Mediterranean to the tropical deserts.

Forests were common characteristic of Mediterranean landscapes, with some kinds of evergreen oaks, olive, strawberry tree, Alepskaya Pine, Tuya, Lebanese cedar, lavrom, etc., which are now replaced by shrub formations - McWis, Frigany, thickets of dwarf palm trees (palmitom ) or cultural landscapes. In the erre rife and tel-atlas above 1700 meters, mixed forests are growing from the summer elementary lustenan oak, maple, pine trees, atlas cedar. Characteristic feature - Lack of beech, widespread in Europe. Above 2,200 meters - juniper thickets. The inner areas are occupied by semi-desert vegetation with the predominance of the dend cereals of Alpha, Drina, as well as wormwood and soyanok.

Soil cover corresponds to plant formations: brown carbonate soils of the Mediterranean, burze of mountain forests, gray-brown soils dry steppes and semi-deserts. Many Solonchakov, on the southern slopes - chubby soils Hamad.

The animal world is characteristic of both the Mediterranean (Monkey McAki, Mongoshos, Caracals, etc.), and for tropical Africa (Berberian Leopard, Cheetah, Jackal, Panther), numerous reptiles and birds. Muflones, grivy rams, damasters live in the mountains.

The region has reserves of various minerals - iron, tin, zinc, cobalt, molybdenum ores, all sorts of salts, there is a field of phosphorites of world importance. have a significant energy potential, but due to the extreme unevenness of the runoff for its use, it is necessary to build a reservoir. The coast has recreational resources. Fertile soils and favorable for agriculture The climate of the North of the Region allows you to grow here many subtropical cultures - grapes, citrus fruit, fruit trees. Industrial importance have forests from cork oak, which gives the world's best cork, and from the atlas cedar with magnificent stroke wood. Forest area is currently strongly reduced.

Atlas Mountains - a long-standing region. His nature is strongly modified. Natural vegetation is poorly preserved, forests were affected. Previously, they occupied about a third of the square of the countries of the region, now - 11%. Some tree species are destroyed by 50-90%. Many animals disappeared or extremely small. In Maghreb countries, a rather large number of protected areas, which are taken under the protection of the relict groves of the Atlas Cedar, Numidia Fir and other trees. In the most famous national Parks Tubkal and Jebel-bu-Hedma guarded mountain gazelle and grivy ram.

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High ridges of the Atlas Mountains stretched at 2500 thousand kilometers from the shores of Morocco to Tunisia. They separate the Atlantic coast and Mediterranean from the harsh and endless sugar. The mountain system is obliged to the Greek Atlanta (atlas), who kept the sky at his mighty shoulders. The first data about the Atlask Mountains is dating 150 a year before our era.

The mountain range consists of several ridges: high satin, middle atlas, tel-atlas, Sugar Atlas. There are several plains and huge plateau here. SAMI high Point Mining system - peak tube, it rises at 4167 meters. This is the second highest mountain of the African continent after Kilimanjaro.

The average atlas is a mountain system in the north of Morocco with a slight drop of heights. Peak is at an altitude of 3326 m. Here are organized hiking routes, cycling and horses. Of iconic places Decent attention: cedar forest Ain-lech, almond groves, National Park Near the city of Ifran, a waterfall of virgins. High Atlas is also rich in attractions: Gorge along the Dudez River and the Todra River, Ait-Bugimez Valley, Cudud Waterfall, Mguong Valley.

Atlas Mountains Manyat travelers to the opportunity to explore the peculiarities of the life and life of the indigenous people of Morocco, to get acquainted with the soul and heart of this north-African country. You can travel on the roads of the Atlas Mountains on a personal or rented car.

What to do here 2

№4 Oddviser.

In the gorge DDES, there is an ornamental winding road, try to overcome this difficult, but very picturesque way.

№13 EVELINA ZIOLO.

Camels always accompany their guard - agree in advance with him about the length of the walk.