Municipal statement educational institution

Novokhopersky municipal district

"Berezovskaya Main Communication School"

Section number 1 start to explore

Theme of research work:

grade 3 student

Vortexeva Zarema

Leader:

primary school teacher

Shcherbakov

Yulia Vladimirovna

2015-2016 Uch.g.

Content.

P.

Introduction .............................................................................. .. 3

A little story ....................................................................... 4

Theoretical part. "Air ball mystery" ........................ 5

Practical part. "Experiments with balloon" ................7

Conclusion ........................................................................... 10.

Literature ........................................................................ ... 11

application

Introduction

All children love to play with balloons, and I with my sisters too. Inflate and toss up, look like it flies, and then falls to the ground. I wonder why the ball flies? And why aren't all balls make different flights? It happens that, without holding in the hands, the ball flies away. Why? After all, he has no wings ...

And I decided to spend a little research and find out what properties the air ball has and what affects its flight range.

Purpose of the study: Find out why the wrong air ball flies and from which its flight is depends.

Subject of study: Aerial balls of different sizes.

Research tasks:

Conduct experiences showing the movement of the ball.

Find out how the size of the ball is affected by the flight range.

Find out if there are representatives who move as an air ball in the plant and animal world.

To learn how scientists used knowledge about such a movement, and what is the name of this movement.

Hypothesis Research:

Suppose the beaker helps the wind.

Perhaps the ball helps the air coming out of it.

Suppose that the size of the ball will affect the flight range.

Research methods:

Study of literature.

Web search.

Conducting experiments.

Observation.

Drawing up tables.

A little story ...

Looking at modern balloons, many people think that this bright, pleasant toy has become available only recently. Some, more aware, believe that balloons appeared somewhere in the middle of the last century.

And in fact - no! The story of the balls filled with air began much earlier. In former times, the painted balls made from the intestine of animals were decorated with squares where sacrifices were held and a walking of noble people of the Roman Empire. After a balloons began to use stray artists, creating decorated with balls to attract new spectators. Subject balloons Also addressed in Russian chronicles - scomerculos, speaking for Prince Vladimir, used balls made from bull bubbles.

The first balls of the modern type created the famous English Researcher Electricity, Professor of the Royal UniversityMichael Faraday. But he created them not to distribute to children or trading at the fair. Just he experimented with hydrogen.

Interesting way to create Faradays has their balloons. He cut out two pieces of rubber, put them on each other, glued down the contour, and in the midst of the flour, so that the parties do not leaf to each other.

The idea of \u200b\u200bFaraday was picked up by a pioneer of rubber toys Thomas Hankok. He created his balls in the form of a set of "DIY" consisting of a bottle with liquid rubber and a syringe. In 1847, J. G. Ingram was represented in London. Already then he used them as toys that need to sell children. Actually, it is they who can be called the prototype of modern balls.

In 80 years after that, the scientific bag for hydrogen turned into a popular fun: rubber balls were widely used in Europe during urban holidays. At the expense of the gas filled them, they could climb up - and this very much liked the public, not yet spoiled by neither air flights or other wonders of technology.

In 1931, the first modern, latex air ball was released by Neil Tyulson. And since then the balloons were finally able to change! Before that, they could only be round - and with the arrival of latex for the first time the opportunity appeared to create long, narrow balls.

This innovation immediately found Application: Designers, designing holidays, began to create compositions from the balls in the form of dogs, giraffes, airplanes, hats. They began to apply clowns, inventing unusual figures.

1.Toresheetic part.

In the theoretical part, I decided to look into the Internet to search for something about the movement of the balloon. On one of the sites I read that the movement of the balloon is based on the reactive movement.

I asked the teacher of physics, Olga Vladimirovna, what is the reactive movement?

To which I received the following explanation: the reactive movement occurs when some part it is separated from the body. And what is the most interesting, reactive movement can be observed in nature, in vegetable world and in the technique. And I decided to learn more about these movements.

[Fig.: 1]

Jet propulsionused by many mollusks.

Octopuses, squid and cuttlefish have a special bag. In it, they type water and produce her strong jet out. The jet is pushing the animal back. Squid can develop speed up to 60-70km / h

Sea mollusk-scallop, sharply compresses the sink of the shell, jerks moving forward due to the reactive jet of water thrown out of the sink. A rack of a large scallop can reach a half-meter or even more in length.

Salpa - a marine animal with a transparent body, when moving takes water through the front hole and pushes out through the rear hole outward. So she moves forward.

[Fig.: 2]

The mature fruits of "mad" cucumber with a light touch bounce off the fruits, and from the resulting hole with force, liquid with seeds are thrown; The cucumbers themselves fly in the opposite direction. It shoots a mad cucumber by more than 12 meters.

3. The invention of humanity in the XX century. [Fig.: 3]

One of the main inventions of mankind in the 20th century is the invention of the jet engine, which allowed man to rise into space. So the rockets appeared and then jet aircraft. Later I.nogens created a motor similar to the squid engine. He was called a waterman. Such an engine is on some high-speed boats.

1. Practical part.

Experiments with balloon.

For a start, I decided to find out the opinion of my classmates and disciples of the other first classes. What do they think that makes me fly away the air ball that is not tied? To this end, I conducted a survey. I offered them three answers:

1) The wind helps the wind to fly.

2) Gas in the ball lighter than air, so the ball and flies.

3) To fly the ball helps the air leaving it.

Find out what makes the air ball move.

I inflate two balls. One tying, and the other just climb in hand and go out into the street in windy weather. After I let go of the balls, the tied ball flew into the sky, and the one that was not tied, very quickly rushed up, and then blurted out and fell to the ground. And after some time, the tied ball flew under the gusts of the wind and also fell to the ground. In the apartment, the knotted ball slowly fell on the floor. And not knotted - flies very quickly, and then it also falls as quickly to the floor.

Still, the wind helps the flight of the ball. But he flies without wind. So my hypothesis was partially confirmed. [Fig.: 4]

I know that warm air is lighter than cold and warm air in the apartment is at the ceiling, I think that therefore rises up the balloon. It is curious that we inflated the air ball most often lightly, which means carbon dioxide. Then it turns out that carbon dioxide is lighter than air?

Conduct the next experience. I will take two identical balls. One influence light, and the other with the help of a small pump with air. I will connect their thread and throw over the wand. [Fig .: 5] Immediately striking that the ball, inflated with carbon dioxide, fell below. So he is heavier. In the directory, I found confirmation by my conclusion. It turned out that carbon dioxide is 1.5 times heavier than air.

This hypothesis was false.

When we inflate the ball, the rubber shell is stretched and filled with air. When the inlet is released, the air with force is pulled out. [Fig.: 6] The ball decreases. The air from the ball flies in one direction, and the bulb is the other. They are repelled from each other. The ball path is unpredictable. When all the air leaves the ball, it stops.

I asked for a teacher of physics Olga Vladimirovna.

She explained to me that the ball flies under the action of reactive power.

Then I looked into the magazine "Galileo. Science experienced way "to read more about what is a reactive movement and when it occurs. "The reactive movement occurs when it is separated from the body at some speed of its part ...".

…It turns out that the ball pushes the air that comes out of it?

Wow! My air ball jet!

Conduct experiments showing reactive movement.

Conduct more experiences showing the reactive movement of the ball.

I influence the balloon, insert a bent tube and tying. I attach the ball to my typewriter. Turn the tube from under the juice back. I let the hole of the tube. Air sharply breaks back. Hooray! Machine travels forward!

The same ball with a tube lowers in a bowl with water. The tube should look aside. I free the tube. The ball begins to rotate water under the action of reactive force. Very fascinating spectacle! [Fig.: 7]

Find out how the size of the ball is affected by the flight range.

I wonder what the ball is depends on the ball?

Take the balls different in size and carry out an experiment. [Fig.: 9]

I'll take the fishing line, stretch it on the room as far as possible. On the fishing line put on a small piece of tubule from under the juice. I influence the balls in turn and fasten to the straw scotch and let go. The ball flies on the fishing line some distance and stop. After that, the ribbon measuring the path passed and fix everything into the table.

Output : The greater the ball size, the farther it flies.

Conclusion.

In my work, I set a goal: to study the movement of the balloon.

To achieve this goal, I:

Studied the properties of the balloon,

Revealed factors affecting the range of balloon.

After spending their own research, I found out that the air ball flies under the action of reactive power. And without experiment, without a practical justification, any science turns into a dry boring set of facts and formulas. The study of the balloon turned out to be interesting, informative and most importantly: a very fun occupation.

Having finished its work, I realized how important the reactive movement in the nature and life of a person.

For me, this work was not just a fascinating occupation, but also a cognitive research !!!

Bibliography.

Galileo. Science experienced by. Issue number 1, 2011.

"Entertaining physics", Ya.I. Perelman, Moscow, Science, 1982.

L.L. Sikora. Physics for kids.

http.: // www. class- fizika.ru.

Applications

Picture 1

Reactive movement in wildlife.

Figure 2.

Examples of reactive movement in the world of plants.

Figure 3.

The invention of mankind in the 20th century.

Figure 4.

Hypothesis 1. Suppose the wind helps him.

Figure 5.

Hypothesis 2. Suppose that gas is lighter than air, and therefore flies.

Figure 6.

Hypothesis 3. Perhaps the ball pushes the air leaving it.

Figure 7.

Experiments showing reactive movement.

Figure 8.

How to affect the size of the ball on the range of flight.

Without me, there will be no light,
Without me, there will be no summer,
In the morning, knocking in April:
Wake up, got up ...
THE SUN!

Soap

So that "dirty" not be,
It follows with me, be friends.
Foam, fragrant,
Pens will be clean.
If you get into the eyes,
Then a little plump ...
But as soon as the foam washed away,
Stopped pinching ...
SOAP

Balloon

I am big, but empty.
Pearing in the sky above the earth.
And not proud, but inflated,
Little tolstoy chosen.
I and children, always was friendly,
And I call me ...
AIR BALLOON.

Comment Article "Riddles about bike, sun, soap and air ball"

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For the birth of the younger daughter, the work colleagues gave me a whole pack of cosmetic and hygienic equipment Sun and Moon. For me, this cosmetics was not familiar and I, frankly, reacted slightly skeptical. To begin with, I decided to try everything on myself. I am allergic, so if I have a reaction to me, then I will definitely not give such a baby. To his surprise, cosmetics turned out to be more than worthy. In the set were - shampoo, moisturizing children's cream, disposable buttons and ...

First hides the "treasure" with gifts, then somewhere the last prompt is laid away - the riddle leading to the "cland"; Then the penultimate - leading to the place where the last tip is hidden, etc., until the very first "splinker".

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Tip # 2 come up with the main character The main character Fairy tales - rod, around which events and miracles are spinning. Your child, or a boy or a girl, his behavior, very reminiscent of your baby, can be the main character. The main character can be a favorite toy, a cartoon hero, an animal or a bird, a car, a regular cone, dishes, a table, a computer, telephone. Anything! Deliver the hero with some ordinary and unusual qualities. For example, revive the table - in itself ...

We draw up a room with balloons with Maski Maski Mask and Bear, in the dresser put samovar and jam. Do not forget about cups and medals, put an inflatable bed for jumping. In addition, you can make a house for bees from cardboard boxes. Patch the songs from the cartoon in advance. To create a real atmosphere of the cartoon "Masha and the Bear" print in the format and 3 many pictures on the cartoon and decorate the room. A few days before the birthday, you can send guests invitations ...

I liked the idea of \u200b\u200bmaking fruit from balloons. How cute and simple! Buy multicolored balls, glue green leaves to them - and all things. Brightly, colorfully, fun and very pretty. Great decoration for the holiday. Reflect on what we need? Balls Inflatable Scissors Green Colored Paper For Nuts Liste for Testing Balls As usual Inflation Balls, cut out leaves and glit to the ball. We collect fruits for garlands. Based on materials ...

This is already a riddle - manually sawing Podzhka, and if the "Bulgarian", where did he find a socket in the basement? Okay, I open my shed (opened too). I'll get a bike - and it is without the front wheel!

Long wool section where they boast. I collected your whole list of all kinds of need and unnecessaries :) It was thought that it makes sense to lay it out in the open access, so that you could look at all :) If you have your finds, send me a denote, do not write here, I'm trying to somehow streamline Links by category :) Keep in mind periodically links burn, i.e., things ends, shops are closed ... I will add that despite the fact that all links lead to things that have already boasted ...

Invent a really original and creative wedding script is often not easy. A man living in the modern world is usually tempted in all sorts of spectacles, I saw a lot, and a lot where I visited, and therefore it is difficult to surprise and even more like an extraordinary event or an incident. But a person always remains a man and many of us want romance, and the storm of emotions, and something beautiful, but at the same time new, unknown. One example is not only very beautiful, but ...

Birthday in the kitchen of homemade animation All children love cartiors! At the celebration, guests under the guidance of multimaster will create a special day-born cartoon! Children and parents have fun and with benefit to spend time and learn to shoot cartoons at home. Camera, TV and a little fantasy - and such a holiday can be arranged at least every day. The program is suitable for children from 4 years (if there is less than 4 years old - call, and we will come up with something) ...

They go without making a step, without stopping and with courage. In them, time is waiting for us, a second moment, and a whole hour. (Clock) If you fall into the forest, there will always be it there. Well, on the holiday, in New Year We will tell her dance. (Christmas tree) in winter snow falls, running around the rain. Spring icicle from ice ... Well, in general, different events. (Water) He floats on a sheet, like a motor ship. Only you are not a trunk, it hurts it hot. (Iron) Two wheels and two pedals. Well, where did you see this? Pedals are twist - he ...

help guess the riddle. The child was mysterious at school. Gose the whole family. Opinions diverge. Bicycle.)) Wings - piece of iron, which over wheels. Teeth - on the gear.

All bikes without tires. why? B. Gunlop's mysterious invented in 1887 to put on the wheel of a three-wheeled bicycle of his 10-year-old son wide hoops made from the hose for gardens, and inflate their air.

He does not know a single riddle, so there is no standard answers on them. Very funny :)) "in winter and in summer in one color" - Sunny. In fact, the tree, but why the tree, the sun is also quite suitable.

GM, I'm shocked from such a small child riddles .... we recommend reading: the number of birth of a child. How to choose a bike. 26 years old wedding. View topics in other conferences

Games for rhyming, riddles with rhymes - this is what I'm stubbornly looking for and collecting. I like it very my daughter, but for now ... only a couple of printed pages typed. It is a pity that's just no mane ... what's the horse? (Bike).

The content of any riddle is glued to the wrapper. Turns around again. And the mystery is glued again. And so 10 times, you can more. Playing sit in a circle. The presenter gives one wobbled prize one wrapped in 10 wrapper.

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I am holding it for a leash,
Although he is not a puppy at all.
And he broke down from a leash
And flew under the clouds.

Answer: Balloon

Behind the tail tied to us
He flies under the clouds.

Answer: Balloon

Your tail

I kept in my hand

You flew -

I ran.

(Balloon)

I am holding it for a leash,

Although he is not a puppy at all.

And he broke down from a leash

And flew under the clouds.

(Balloon)

Round, smooth, like watermelon ...

Color - any, for different taste.

Kohl let go with a leash,

Will fly away for the clouds.

(Balloon)

Today everything snakes!

In the hands of the Death

From joy dancing

Balloons)

Games with balloons

Khokhotun

This game is well done at the very beginning, especially if the children are not very familiar with each other, because it liberates and unites the company.

All children get up in a circle leading - to the center. He throws up a balloon under the ceiling. While he falls, everyone should laugh loud. As soon as the ball goes to the floor, everyone must silence. That's where the most interesting begins. It turns out, silence is not so easy. There is one or two kids who cannot stop and continue to laugh. Then the mixed becomes more - the chain reaction occurs.

Coloring Show

It is too command game. We will need a large number of balls of two colors, such as red and blue.

Players are divided into two teams and on the lead signal begin to collect their color: one team is red balls, the other blue.

Balloons on balloons

Who will quickly collect their color, he won.

Air Tir

On a large tight sheet of cardboard, we stick the bands of the two-way tape, and the balloons are inflated. Participants distribute darts and put them in one line (at a distance of about 2 m from cardboard with balls). At the command of the leading children begin to throw darts into balls. The one who can burst more balls is considered the winner.

Capital

All participants are in a circle. The presenter launches four balls filled with water. Participants to music transfer balls to each other. He whom the ball will remain in her hands after stopping music, drops out of the circle. The competition is repeated and continues until the winner or winners are detected.

Duel at sea

There are no water in our "sea", but there are flippers! Participants put on the right leg of the last, and the ball is tied to the left. It is necessary to "drown" the ball of the opponent, i.e., clap it.

Finger games

We went to the bazaar
Buy balloon.
Here is green, like a sheet,
Blue, as if Vasileuk.
Red, brighter tomato,
Yellow - lemon crust color

Time is not losing
Quickly choose!
So we need to play
Multicolored balls.

Game "Inflation Balloon"

Left handle finger tips are pressed to the tips of their fingers with the right handle: large to large, index to the indicable, medium to the middle and so on.

I blow on my fingers - "inflation the ball." Without taking apart from each other, the fingers slowly push the "ball".

You can "inflate" a big ball.

Continuing blowing, tear off your fingers from each other, we break the handles to the sides of the imaginary bowl. We say: "Bach!" - And cheese with the handles ("The ball burst!").

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did not you find what you were looking for? Use the search:

Bath

Warm wave shoulder
In the shores of the cast iron.
Guess, remember:
What kind of sea in the room?

White village
To the floor is friends.

For children: riddles about the balloon

White Lake -
Then fully, then merge,
From the sky pure water –
Then fill the lake,
And it will disappear without a trace.

Iron house,
Powdows walls in it,
No roofs - there is a bottom,
And at the bottom - window.

I can dive into it to dive
But I can not drown
And if it becomes deep
I will open the cork I easily.

Shower

And what was! And what was!
Mom River in the house of letting.
River fun bung
Mom in her underwear was washed.
And then, and then,
I was bought in the rain.

In the house small
Full of people lives,
All honest yes simple
All transparent and clean
And as a guest comes -
Flies people
On the guest throws -
Yes, the guest will not be offended,
It will hug, the other -
Shines cleanliness.

Rain warm and thick
This rain is not simple:
He is without clouds, without clouds
All day to go ready.

Washbasin

Parashka is worth
Holds a cup
Head bowed
Nose was lowered
And out of the nose
Cup of a clean water.

Silver pipe
From the pipe - water,
Water runs and pouring
White well,
On the pipe - two brothers,
Sit Yes having fun.
One in kaftana red,
Second - in blue,
Both friends
Head of water.

Mirror

I saw my portrait.
Departed - the portrait is not.

And shines and glitters
It does not flatter anyone -
And any truth will say -
All as it will show him.

Although he did not leave the moment
Happy birthday,
His faces you did not see
But only reflection.

There is a portrait in the room,
In everything like you.
War down - and in response
He laughs too.

Did not look into the window -
There was one Antoshka.
Looked in the window -
There is the second Antoshka.
What is this window,
Where did the Antoshka watched?

The sage in it saw the sage,
Fool - fool
baran - Baran,
Sheep saw sheep in him,
And monkey - monkey
But they summed up to him
Fedya Baratova,
And Fedya saw
Narium shaggy.

Soap

When I wash with me,
Then tears shed.

Look, look -
Sun in the river and in the trough!
Why is it always
Only where there is water?

Eludes how living
But I will not let him down.
Clear is quite -
Let me wash my hands.

Bubbles allowed
Foam up closed -
And it did not become
All it disappeared.

Take me,
Wash out, BUY,
What am i like
Early guess
And know:
Big would be trouble,
Whenever I do not even water.

Smooth and scented
Washes very clean
It is necessary that everyone has.
What is it?

Suffals like a living
But I will not let him
White foam foaming
Hands wash not foam.

Pink brick, fragrant
Clean it and you will be clean.

Sponge

Rubber Akulinka
I went to walk on the back.
And while she walked,
The back is rose.

Toothbrush

Bone back
Tough bristle, with
mint paste is friends
We are diligently served.

Tail - from the bone
And on the back - bristle.

Lucky girl -
Tough cheese
During the day is cool.
And in the morning yes in the evenings
Work is accepted:
Head Call
Yes, the wall will wash.

Toothpaste

In the cave, the
On the crime comes out -
From the walls everything displays.

Towel

Waffle and striped,
Dust and shaggy
Always at hand -
What it is?

I wipe I try
After the bath guy.
All wet, everything served -
No dry corner.

Says the track -
Two embroidered end:
"I will catch a little bit,
Ink Smeat from face!
Otherwise you are half a day
Step me. "

On the wall hangs, dangles,
Everything is enough for him.

Hairbrush

Tooty Pila
In the forest, a thick went.
The whole forest went around,
Nothing was cut.

There are many teeth, and nothing eats.

I go, fermenting not in the forests,
And on the mustache, by hair,
And my teeth are longer,
Than that of wolves and bears.

We use her often
Although she, like a wolf, a toothman.
She does not want to bite
She would scratch a teeth.

As many as 25 teeth,
For Kudrey and Khokholkov.
And under each, under teeth -
Fall hair row.

Light field-party
Goes on the Harrow field,
Wheat raises
The order is observing.

Clean, toothy
Clung to chub whirlpool

Hair and comb

Wooden fence
Fencing the courtyard
In the courtyard - Tabun Konya,
And in the fence - one hundred doors,
To get to the will
Yes, run in the pure field.
Horses rushed wave,
We drove a live river.

Handkerchief

Loe in pocket and karaulu -
Ripu, plaks and dirty.
They are the morning streams of tears,
I will not forget about the nose.

Urokalka

Where the sponge will not master
No home, not dominated,
I take the work:
Heels, elbows with soap tru,
And rubbing the knees,
I do not forget anything.

Shaver

Slides on the track
His leg -
In other people's hands
Rides up the leg
Yes, scroll track.

Massage brush

Iron Yezhik
With rubber skin,
Down needles goes
Needles grass rows.

All riddles

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I love my birthday very much. Every year, we adorn our home for the holiday with the whole family. And, of course, an important element Decorations are balloons. Usually, with my brother, we compete in who is faster inflated the ball of mouth. We are very in a hurry, everyone wants to win, and suddenly, almost an inflated ball, breaks out of the hands and rapidly flies, staining around the room until it takes away at all. I decided to find out why the air ball flies, if it is not tied and from which its flight is depends.

Experiments with balloon

Hypothesis 1. Suppose the wind helps to fly the ball.

I influence two balls. One of them will establish a thread. Let's go outside in windy weather. Let go balls. They fly. A knitted ball flies from the gusts of the wind. And the one that is not tied, flies faster. And then both fall on the ground. In the apartment where there is no wind, the knotted ball slowly falls on the floor. And unencitted - flies, although slower than on the street. And then falls. Still, the wind helps the flight of the ball. But he flies without wind. So my hypothesis was partially confirmed.

Hypothesis 2. Suppose that gas is lighter than air, so it flies.

I know than warmer air, the more easier, so the balloon rises up. Maybe carbon dioxide is also easier than air? We will conduct the next experience. Take two identical balls. One influence with carbon dioxide, and the other with air pump. We connect their thread and reinfeit through the wand. We see that the ball, inflated carbon dioxide kicked below. So he is heavier. In the directory, I found confirmation with my conclusion. It turned out that carbon dioxide is 1.5 times heavier than air. This hypothesis was false.

Hypothesis 3. Perhaps the ball pushes the air coming out of it.

When we inflate the ball, the rubber shell is stretched and filled with air. When the inlet is released, the air with force is pulled out. The ball decreases. The air from the ball flies in one direction, and the bulb is the other. They are repelled from each other. The ball path is unpredictable. When all the air leaves the ball, it stops. I asked the physics teacher Sergey Vyacheslavovich about this. He said that the ball flies under the action of reactive power. The reactive movement occurs when its part is separated from the body at some speed. So, the ball pushes the air that comes out of it. My ball is reactive!

Experiments showing reactive movement.

We will conduct some more experiences showing the reactive movement of the ball.

1. Influence the balloon, insert a bent tube and taped. Attach the ball to the small typewriter. The tube should look back.

Riddles about the balloon

We free the tube. Air leaves back. The machine goes forward under the action of reactive power.

2. The same bulb with a tube is lowered into a bowl with water. The tube should look aside. We free the tube. The ball begins to rotate water under the action of reactive force.

As affected by the shape of the ball and the thickness of rubber on the range of flight.

Interestingly, from which factors the range of the ball is depends? Take the balls different in size and thickness of rubber and carry out an experiment. Take the line and stretch it around the room. On the fishing line wear a part of the straw. We will inflate the balls by the pump with the same amount of air (10 stems). Balls will attach to Solominka Scotch and let go. The ball flies on the fishing line some distance and stop. Mimmerize the path passed. For clarity, fill the results table. ( Table 1)

Table 1

Output: The thicker the tires and the greater the size of the ball, the further he flies.

Wilderness Movement

Jet motion is used by many molluscs. Octopuses, squid and cuttlefish have a special bag. In it, they type water and produce her strong jet out. The jet is pushing the animal back. Squid can develop speed up to 60-70km / h.

Examples of reactive movement can be found in the world of plants. The mature fruits of "mad" cucumber with a light touch bounce off the fruits, and from the resulting hole with force, liquid with seeds are thrown; The cucumbers themselves fly in the opposite direction. Shoots "Mad" cucumber for more than 12 meters.

How scientists used knowledge about such a movement.

One of the main inventions of mankind in the 20th century is the invention of the jet engine, which allowed man to rise into space. So the rockets appeared, and then reactive aircraft. Later, engineers created an engine similar to the squid engine. He was called a waterman. Such an engine is on some high-speed boats.

Studying this topic, I discovered the information that the balloons are not only fun, but also useful! It turns out that they "give" health to our easy. The inflation of the balls has a positive effect on our throat (even serves as an anemus prevention tool), and also helps strengthen our voice. Singers often enjoy this help, since such training helps them to breathe correctly during singing.

I believe that this work can be used in the lessons to demonstrate in a simple and colorful form of the reactive force, clearly show that carbon dioxide is heavier than air. After all, when we ourselves are spending different experiments or watching them, it is easier for us to understand the principle of action of something, especially if these experiences are such bright and fun!

Literature:

1. Aron K. D., Sakharov S. V. We are going. We swim We fly .. - M.: Children's book, 1993.

2. Galileo. Science experienced by. Issue number 1, 2011.

3. Gorez L. A. Entertaining experiences in physics. - M.: Enlightenment, 1985.

4. Rabiz F. Simple experiments. - M.: Children's literature, 2002.

5. Sicaruk L. L. Physics for kids. - M.: Enlightenment, 2005.

6. What is? Who it? - M.: Pedagogy, 1990.

Riddles about balloons

I am not like a piano
But I have a pedal too
Who is not a coward and not a coward
Pumping so much
I have no motor
I call ...

Answer: Bicycle

I sat down my father
On the iron horse.
Only my horse's horse
Suddenly he is not on the road.
That is left, right
Yama, bump and ditch.
And then I dug like a beast,
What to do now.
On rubber heels
We put a patch with a papure.

Answer: Bicycle

Two wheels and two pedals,
Circling them and go to Dali
I want to go round a whole light
After all, I have ...!

Answer: Bicycle

Spin rings
Top of the little man.

Answer: Bicycle

Spinning pedals
Chasing Dalymi.

Answer: Bicycle

This horse does not eat oats,
He has two wheels,
On the chains he does not sit,
There is a chain, he runs with her,
There is a saddle and two pedals.
Have you learned a horse with the steering wheel?

Answer: Bicycle

Steering wheel, wheels and pedals.
Did the ride transport learned?
Brake - eat, cab - no.
Michu me ...

Answer: Bicycle

Steering wheel, wheels and pedals
I was impacted on the far path.

Answer: Bicycle

Rama is, and where is the window?
I sat in the saddle, you will not say: "But!"
There is a call, but no doors!
Same …

Answer: Bicycle

Clear in the morning along the road
On the grass glitters dew,
On the road ride legs
And run two wheels.
The riddle has an answer -
This is my …

Answer: Bicycle

I do not go, but rushing.
I do not go, and twisted.
Click tightly on the pedals:
Pedestrians overtook!
I remember with the breeze, I will go,
On asphalt, on parquet,
Green light: ....

Answer: Bicycle

I'm just on the go,
And if I will fall.

Answer: Bicycle

I am not like a horse,
And I have a saddle.
The needles are. They, confess
For knitting are not suitable.
Not alarm clock, do not tram,
But I call something and know.

Answer: Bicycle

He has two wheels
And saddle on the frame.
Two pedals are downstairs
Twist their legs.

Answer: Bicycle

Run with two legs,
While sits on me rides.
My horns in his hands,
And the speed in his legs.
I'm only stable on the run,
I can not stand seconds.

Answer: Bicycle

Birthday I have -
Gave me a horse.
Wonderful what!
Golubo-Proluba.
Need to go carefully
For the horns you can stay
Sorry just - there are no hollows ...
What kind of horse? ...

Answer: Bicycle

My friends are not reading.
Among them and the goat is.
He is with a cheerful voice -
Call bell.
Taking him for the horns
Food along the track!

Answer: Bicycle

This horse does not eat oats.
Instead of legs - two wheels.
Sit down and rush on it,
Only better right steering wheel.

Answer: Bicycle

Round legs run on the road:
Once leg, two legs, three legs,
Ahead - horns.

Answer: Bicycle

Mysteries about transport with answers.

Holiday balloons. Entertainment scenario for middle group children.

Riddles about the metro, about the tram, about a truck, about the motor ship, about the bus, about the aircraft, about the bike, about the helicopter and other vehicles.

Transport riddles

Underground through the capital

This train is proudly rushing

Without congestion overtaking

All cars and trams. (Metro)

Sparks roll out salute,

Over the aisk, the ringing is heard.

It goes on the route

Electric wagon.

Were used rails, wires -

We will sweat without difficulty. (Tram)

In cities deep at night

Sleep the bus and tram.

If transport is needed urgently -

You call the car.

She will arrive: "I am free!

I will bring anywhere! "(Taxi)

He was not elk, but he is twir

Important rides on the road.

If the horns suddenly fly

From two contact wires -

Their driver straightens

And the trailer is ready! (Trolleybus)

Passengers we rolling

On the routes here and there,

And Tourists deliver

To historical places.

We are going to the goal all

For avenue and highway. (Buses)

I am not a simple car,

All aluminum.

And on the wings I take off

In this sky is blue.

Passenger, cargo,

Sometimes supersonic. (Plane)

I am an important car

There is body and cabin.

I drive any cargo

On ribbons roads.

And parties and watermelons

I will give you on time. (Truck)

On the Road from Iron

Fast food past the forest,

Past tundra and sands,

Villages and cities.

I already have a lot of years.

The locomotive was my grandfather. (A train)

Old steamer is not in vain

Santa I call.

Through rivers and the sea -

Everywhere sailing.

And along the Volga, up and down,

I will take you into a cruise. (Motor ship)

He spread out Doug

Over the ravine and river.

On him there and here

Trains can ride. (Bridge)

I raised my eyes into the sky -

There is a big dragonfly,

Non-fat, metal,

Everything flew and flew,

Scared and barley

And the propeller twisted. (Helicopter)

Here is a big underground move

But I did not break it with mole.

Three kilometer long

Technique struck.

On it faster wind

Mchat cars. (Tunnel)

Need to buy a ticket here -

And you will unite the whole light.

Kided luggage for a whole powder,

Waiting for a porter, here as here.

And everywhere - on the left, right

Passenger compounds. (Railway station)

To go to the flight,

Liner here runs away.

On chassis wheels

He rushes rapid taxi

And takes off up, on the will.

Name this field. (Aerodrome)

I am a good car

Ring food without gasoline.

Let's take it into any given,

Only you twist the pedals. (Bicycle)

That's so transport, he is alive!

By name - Huzhova.

He drove in the twentieth century

Drows, sleigh and carts. (Horse)

Objectives:

Secure and clarify the knowledge of children about air properties. Experimed by showing air value for a person and everything alive on earth. To form in children scientific ideas about the world around. Develop thinking, curiosity, ability to independently draw conclusions. Intensify the children's dictionary with the words: glider, parachute, wind power station. Rail in children curiosity, careful attitude towards natural resources.

Equipment:

Pictures depicting an airplane, helicopter, glider, rocket, balloon, mills broken by the wind of a tree. Sheets of paper in the number of children cropped in the form of a parachute, with riddles and proverbs written on them. Carved from Watman "Cloud" with Quatrain written on it. Notebooks, rubber pears (fringe), glasses with water, turntable, lighter, bird feather. Scheme "Man's respiration", "parachutes" with riddles, stopwatch.

Broken wind tree

Preliminary work:

The didactic game "flies - does not fly." Consider the "Air Transport" folder. Classes on valeology "What we breathe."

Travel course:

Guys, today we go to a great air journey. We have to fly, but on what? What kind of air transport do you know? (Children's responses - plane, glider, balloon, airship).
Children who offered answers to the question, choose a picture with an appropriate aerial transport type and put it on Easel.

But on which of the types of air transport we will start our journey, you will learn if you guess the riddle.

Riddle about the aircraft

He in the air ocean
Truch concerns the wing.
Unfold - under the rays
Mixed silver.

That's right, we will start our journey by plane.

The wind intensified and caught clouds. Take a look at one clutch something written. (We offer one child to read the inscription).

Mystery of air

Through the nose passes into the chest
And reverse holds the way
He is invisible, and yet
Without it, we can not live.

What is it? Air. Does air in our group room? What can we say about him? Does the air have a color, smell? Inhale the air and exhale. Do you see the air?

Now try to delay your breath. How long can you not breathe? Let's make a conclusion: Can a person do without air? Without air, neither a person nor an animal nor a plant can live and a few minutes. Do you know well how the air "through the nose takes place in the chest and the reverse holds the way"? Let's see. (Accompanied by a show in the Scheme of the human respiration).

And what do you think, can air be able to hear and see? Let's check it with simple experiments.

Experience number 1

Will you feel the air?
You can admire notebooks near your face. What did you feel?

Experience number2

Will you hear the air?
Cheerfully squeeze the rubber pear. What did you hear?

Experience number 3.

Will you see the air?

Lower the end of the rubber pear into the glass with water and squeeze it. What did you see? How to make sure that there are air around us? Who needs air? How do plants breathe? Animals?

Our plane safely landed. Our air travel we will continue on ... Guess what.

The mystery of the glider

Extremely as a plane, there is a pilot in the cabin. But in blue spaces flies without a motor.

So, we continue our journey on the glider. But how will it fly without a motor? His wind will suffer. And where does the wind come from?

The sun heats the air in one place and the heated warm air rises up. And here the cold air bursts in its place. This is the movement, air movement and the wind.

What happens to the wind? (Strong, light, warm, cold, hurricane.) Is the wind of the same in different times of the year?

How to determine the wind power? If no leaflet on the tree is lying, it means that there is no wind. If only small twigs are crushed, the wind is weak. If large branches are flexible - it is a strong wind. And what are the very strong wind call? Hurricane. And if the wind is noisy over the sea and takes huge waves? It is a squall or storm. But the wind is completely saturated and we have to go back to Earth.

We transplant on ...

Balloon mystery

With warm air ball
And under it basket,
Under legs Earth -
As if in the picture.

This is a balloon. On it, people made their very first air travel.
But what makes the ball rise up? Warm air. I already told you that warm air rises up. This is because warm air is easier cold. Now I will prove it.

Experience number 4.

Here is a feather. If I just pick it up, it will just fall down. Like this. But if it is to throw it into warm air, for example, over fire, (I light the lighter), then you will see that warm air rises up and does not give a ponyth.

The balloon is filled with warm air, so it rises up.
And now the question is for the most intelligent. In our group room warmly, because it is heated by hot batteries. And where is warmer, near the floor (below) or near the ceiling (at the top)?
Of course, near the ceiling, because warm air rises up. Now you will understand why adults do not like when you play on the floor. Near the floor (below) is always colder.

Fizkultminutka "Airplane"

Circle we will make big
We stand in the circle we all the gurba.
We are annoying a little
And praise in the palm,
We sweep a little
And praise in the palm
Turn together
And we jump in a circle.
And now - the tilt forward:
It turned out a plane.
Wings are easy to felt
"Rested!" - Speaking together.

We are waiting for a transplant again.

The mystery of the helicopter

Zavorka, litter,
Blades torture
In heaven, leaf.

We will continue our journey by helicopter.

Let's find out how a person uses the air? We use air when inflate balloons, pumped by air our balls, wheels of bicycles or cars. And what inflatable things do we use the summer on the beach? (Children's responses).

And what do you think, can the wind know how to work? Explain.
The wind inflates the sails of the ships, dries underwear, grind mills and windmills (wind power plants). Is the wind work always useful? Take a look at these pictures. Strong wind can make a lot of troubles: to destroy at home, break trees, turn the ships.

The helicopter continues his way, but does not enter the landing. How do we get to the ground.

Parachute mystery

The umbrella is, all white-white,
It is big and very bold.
He flies through the air
With the clouds of people let down.

So we descended on the parachutes by the seashore. People have noticed more than once how easy it is breathing near the sea. Sea air Very healing, therapeutic. That is why so often on the seashore build a sanatorium, holiday homes. It is the healing air and the sea that attract people to seaside cities. Unfortunately, not all understand this. Plants and factories pollute the air, pollute it and the car with exhaust gases. Smoky air to breathe hard and harmful to health. Therefore, people need to take care of air purity.

And now take a look at small parachutes in your desks. Puzzles and proverbs are written on them. Read them.

Riddles and proverbs about aviation and air

Does not wave wing, but flies.
Not a bird, and everyone overtakes.

What a bird: Songs does not sing
Nests do not live, people and cargo lucky?

Neither a pen nor wing
And faster the eagle.
Only release the tail -
Run to the stars.

- "What is it, what is it!" - all shout
In the sky umbrellas fly.
(Parachutes)

Along the field
Sings yes fistulate
Trees breaks,
It brings to the ground.
(Wind)

Without hands, no legs, and the gate opens.
(Wind)

"The sun before sunset is red - on the wind."

"Needed like air."

Explain the last saying. This means something, without which a person can not do.

Our journey comes to an end. But there is still a flight to ...

Rocket mystery

Miracle Bird, Scarlet Tail,
Flew into the sty of stars.
No tail nor wings,
And flies to the planets.

Let's hit the road! To the stars! On the rocket!

Air covers ground as a blanket. From all sides. The higher from the ground, the air is less. There is no air in space at all. That is why astronauts are always in the spaces, where air is served in the tubes. Otherwise, astronauts would not breathe.

The air surrounding the earth presses all items on it. And of course, on us in you. Now I will prove it to you with the help of experience.

Experience number 5.

The tutor pours water to the edge into a glass. Covering a glass of tight paper with a sheet and, holding a paper with a palm, quickly turns the glass upside down. Water from glass is not poured.
- Top on paper presses water, and below the air. The air pressure is stronger, so water from the glass is not poured.

Here our rocket went to the landing, which means that our journey is over. But we did not work in vain, we learned a lot of new and interesting about the air. And when you will study at school, then in the lessons of environmental education, physics and chemistry you will learn about the air even more. Thank you for your attention, the lesson is completed.

About everything in the world:

In 1930, the film "The Rogue Song) came out in American rental about the abduction of the girl in the Caucasus Mountains. Actors Stan Laurel, Lawrence Tibbett and Oliver Hardy played in this film of local zhulikov. Surprisingly, these actors are very similar to the heroes ...

Materials section

Classes for the younger group:

Classes for middle group.

Bibliographic Description: Zarechina K. A., Ionova T. Yu. Air ball mystery // Young scientist. - 2015. - №1. - P. 73-75..05.2019).

I love my birthday very much. Every year, we adorn our home for the holiday with the whole family. And, of course, an important decoration element is balloons. Usually, with my brother, we compete in who is faster inflated the ball of mouth. We are very in a hurry, everyone wants to win, and suddenly, almost an inflated ball, breaks out of the hands and rapidly flies, staining around the room until it takes away at all. I decided to find out why the air ball flies, if it is not tied and from which its flight is depends.

Hypothesis 1. Suppose the wind helps to fly the ball.

I influence two balls. One of them will establish a thread. Let's go outside in windy weather. Let go balls. They fly. A knitted ball flies from the gusts of the wind. And the one that is not tied, flies faster. And then both fall on the ground. In the apartment where there is no wind, the knotted ball slowly falls on the floor. And unencitted - flies, although slower than on the street. And then falls. Still, the wind helps the flight of the ball. But he flies without wind. So my hypothesis was partially confirmed.

Hypothesis 2. Suppose that gas is lighter than air, so it flies.

I know than warmer air, the more easier, so the balloon rises up. Maybe carbon dioxide is also easier than air? We will conduct the next experience. Take two identical balls. One influence with carbon dioxide, and the other with air pump. We connect their thread and reinfeit through the wand. We see that the ball, inflated carbon dioxide kicked below. So he is heavier. In the directory, I found confirmation with my conclusion. It turned out that carbon dioxide is 1.5 times heavier than air. This hypothesis was false.

Hypothesis 3. Perhaps the ball pushes the air coming out of it.

When we inflate the ball, the rubber shell is stretched and filled with air. When the inlet is released, the air with force is pulled out. The ball decreases. The air from the ball flies in one direction, and the bulb is the other. They are repelled from each other. The ball path is unpredictable. When all the air leaves the ball, it stops. I asked the physics teacher Sergey Vyacheslavovich about this. He said that the ball flies under the action of reactive power. The reactive movement occurs when its part is separated from the body at some speed. So, the ball pushes the air that comes out of it. My ball is reactive!

Experiments showing reactive movement.

We will conduct some more experiences showing the reactive movement of the ball.

1. Influence the balloon, insert a bent tube and taped. Attach the ball to the small typewriter. The tube should look back. We free the tube. Air leaves back. The machine goes forward under the action of reactive power.

2. The same bulb with a tube is lowered into a bowl with water. The tube should look aside. We free the tube. The ball begins to rotate water under the action of reactive force.

As affected by the shape of the ball and the thickness of rubber on the range of flight.

Interestingly, from which factors the range of the ball is depends? Take the balls different in size and thickness of rubber and carry out an experiment. Take the line and stretch it around the room. On the fishing line wear a part of the straw. We will inflate the balls by the pump with the same amount of air (10 stems). Balls will attach to Solominka Scotch and let go. The ball flies on the fishing line some distance and stop. Mimmerize the path passed. For clarity, fill the results table. ( Table 1)

Table 1

	Ball color	Length ball, mm	Ball width, mm	Thickness rubber	Done
	Orange
				medium thickness
	Purple			medium thickness

Output: The thicker the tires and the greater the size of the ball, the further he flies.

Jet motion is used by many molluscs. Octopuses, squid and cuttlefish have a special bag. In it, they type water and produce her strong jet out. The jet is pushing the animal back. Squid can develop speed up to 60-70km / h.

Examples of reactive movement can be found in the world of plants. The mature fruits of "mad" cucumber with a light touch bounce off the fruits, and from the resulting hole with force, liquid with seeds are thrown; The cucumbers themselves fly in the opposite direction. Shoots "Mad" cucumber for more than 12 meters.

How scientists used knowledge about such a movement.

One of the main inventions of mankind in the 20th century is the invention of the jet engine, which allowed man to rise into space. So the rockets appeared, and then reactive aircraft. Later, engineers created an engine similar to the squid engine. He was called a waterman. Such an engine is on some high-speed boats.

Studying this topic, I discovered the information that the balloons are not only fun, but also useful! It turns out that they "give" health to our easy. The inflation of the balls has a positive effect on our throat (even serves as an anemus prevention tool), and also helps strengthen our voice. Singers often enjoy this help, since such training helps them to breathe correctly during singing.

I believe that this work can be used in the lessons to demonstrate in a simple and colorful form of the reactive force, clearly show that carbon dioxide is heavier than air. After all, when we ourselves are spending different experiments or watching them, it is easier for us to understand the principle of action of something, especially if these experiences are such bright and fun!

Literature:

1. Aron K. D., Sakharov S. V. We are going. We swim We fly .. - M.: Children's book, 1993.

2. Galileo. Science experienced by. Issue number 1, 2011.

3. Gorez L. A. Entertaining experiences in physics. - M.: Enlightenment, 1985.

4. Rabiz F. Simple experiments. - M.: Children's literature, 2002.

5. Sicaruk L. L. Physics for kids. - M.: Enlightenment, 2005.

6. What is? Who it? - M.: Pedagogy, 1990.