National parks briefly. Reserves and national parks of Russia with names

Table especially protected natural territories of the world Contains reference information: protected areas and included objects belonging to various countries, such as reserves, national parks and reserves.

	Protected territories of the world	Protected objects
	Astrakhan Reserve	Volga Delta, Lotus, Salvinia, Chile, Waterfowl and Swamp Birds
	Barguzinsky Reserve	Lake Baikal Coast, Mountain Taiga Fauna, Baikal Nerpe
	Galich Mountain Reserve	Plots of relict vegetation on limestones
	Ilmensky Reserve	Mineralogical Reserve in Nature
	Kronodsky Reserve	Volcanoes, geysers. Snow ram, sable, white-barrel eagle. Svoyuchi fan. Salmon spawning places.
	Siho-Alinsky Reserve	Mountain Forests, Tiger, Spotted Deer
	Publina Reserve (Eastern Sayana Vets)	Granite rocks, up to 100m height
	Manch-Gudilo reserve	Concentration places for nests (droughts, streptin) and during the span of waterfowl
	Reserve Buzuluk boron	Relic and belt bors, pilz
Belarus	Bertovza Peshushch Reserve	Wide forests, pine, bison
Bulgaria	Vitosha National Park	Mountain array, coniferous and broad-sized forests, endemic plants, 114 species of birds
	National Park Bukk	Limestone Mountain Array with Karst Phenomena
Ireland	Nature Monument Lacca Gigar	Lava fields, Vulcan varnishes
	Reserve Ein-Gedi	Oasis of a unique flora on the shores of the Dead Sea
	Reserve Motichur	Foothills of Himalayas. Elephant, Tiger, Leopard, Piped
	Girsky Forest National Park	Cathiyavar, the world's sole habitat in the world
Indonesia	National Park Baluran.	Bali Sea coast, extinct volcano, mangrove thickets, coral reefs
	Virung National Park	Crystal Massif Ruvenzori. Vegetation from equatorial forests to Alpine meadows. Gorilla, Hippos, Elephants, Warts
	National Park Salonga	Forest fauna, endemic dwarf chimpanzee, dwarf elephant, dwarf buffalo.
	National Park Namib	Desert, deep canyons. Vilvichia amazing
Tanzania	National Park Serengeti.	River Basin Victoria, Gallery Forests, Unique concentrations of migratory herbivorous animals and is exceptional high number of predators
	Reserve Ngoronoro.	Crater volcano, mountain wet tropical forests, local Mosai tribes are permitted economic activity
	Cabarego National Park	Waterfall on the Victoria River - Neal, 350 species of birds, Nile Crocodile, Leo, Chimpanzee, Rhino
	Kruger National Park	A wide variety of protein, rich fauna, elephant, hippopotamus, antilope
North America, Canada	National Park Wood-Baffalo	Protected area of \u200b\u200bhabitat of Bizon and American crane, black bear caribou
	Grand National Park - Canyon	Big Canyon Colorado River 350 km and 1,5 km deep
	Yosé National Park - Mitsky	Western slopes of Sierra Nevada, growing sequoia giant
	Greed Smoky Mount National Park	Apalace, tulip tree, 50 species of mammals, 200 species of birds, 77 types of reptiles
	National Park Carlsbat Caves	One of the world's largest caves systems with millions of volatile mice
	Evergledz National Park	Subtropic vegetation, mangrove thickets, alligator, American crocodile, Florida Puma
South America	National Monument of Colorado	Fancy Education - the result of weathering of sandstones
Argentina	Iguazu National Park	Waterfall, Flora has 2000 species of higher plants, rare animals
	National Park Navel - Whapi	Oriental Slops of Andes, Ice Landscape, Lakes, Beech Forests with Orchids, Hummingbird species manifold
	Galapagos National Park	Archipelago in the Pacific, more than 200 types of endemic plants, unique types of fauna, giant turtle, iguana
Australia	Lake National Park	Lakes, Sand Dunes, Eucalyptus, Posses, Koala, Kangaroo, Earthy Parrot
	King Lake National Park	Waterfalls, Forests (Eucalyptus, Orchids, Ferns), Lockos, Vombat, 100 species of birds

With the growing popularity of national parks, such a concept as ecotourism is developing with high rates in our country. And now in Russia there are 43 National Park. A lover of such travel can choose a park anywhere in Russia - from the Vladimir region to Baikal ..

Why National Park?

There are several reasons for choosing a national park as a place of recreation. First of all, security modes are valid in the most beautiful and interesting natural corners of our country. But only in national parks, the protection regime implies a massive visit to the territory of tourists. In other words, you can be sure - here is beautiful and there are no difficulties with stay. The second reason is the availability of tourist infrastructure: labeled trails, recommended routes, equipped parking with known GPS coordinates.

Many parks have their own guest homes, as well as support traditional activities (crafts, agriculture). Therefore, the villages where the parking administration are located are not empty, there are shops and paramedics. What is also important for tourists.

National Park "Ugra"

Located in the Kaluga region. Educated in 1997 in the valleys of the Vasa River, Ugra, Oka and Sier. The area of \u200b\u200bthe National Park "Ugra" is 98623 hectares, it is conditionally divided into three plots - Vorotynsky, Veshotarny and Ugorsky.

Visit mode:It works all year round, among the routes there is both summer - for hiking and winter - for skiers.

Why "UGR"?This is one of the closest national parks for residents of Moscow and Kaluga. In this park, about 100 lakes and a huge Morozovsky swamp. Especially interesting in the "thief" in the spring and autumn, when a lot of birds accumulate on the span. After all, the "Valley of Surifes" and "Tishsky Dal" - the key ornithological territories of international importance.

What to see:The main attractions of "Ugra" - the remnants of the renuncial and Kozelsky stop. These fortifications belong to the XVI century, they defended Russia from Tatar raids. On the territory of the park there are ancient mounds, burial grounds, settlements, a few estates, 4 monastery complex, military burials and 23 Orthodox churches of different centuries.

Infrastructure and services:In the infrastructure of the Park 9 recreation databases with campsites and individual houses. More than 30 hiking and 10 water tourist routes are laid, which are laid on the Oka Rivers, Site and Ugra. The park you can travel both to one and accompanied by an instructor. There is rental boats, a sightseeing program has been developed.

Cost:Accommodation on tourist parking, autocumbages and picnic sites cost 70 rubles. per day per person. Parking of a passenger car will cost 120 rubles. per day. Rental of ordinary boat - 200 rubles. per hour, motor boat - 350 rubles. at one o'clock. Explorer services - from 1000 to 1500 rubles. Excursions will cost, depending on the magnitude of the group of tourists, from 500 to 1200 rubles.

Flora and fauna:In the National Park "UGR" registered 45 species of mammals, as well as 135 species of birds and about 300 types of insects. The fauna is represented by more than 600 plants, 67 of which are listed in the Red Book.

How to get:A regular bus to the Park "Ugra" goes from Kaluga (from Moscow, you can drive from the train or bus). On the personal vehicle from Moscow and other regions - on the Kiev highway.

National Park "Puffy"

Located in the Saratov region. Created in 1994 on the basis of Alekseevsky, Holy and Pine-Mazinsky forestry. Initially, its area was 25514 hectares, but over time he rose to 140438 hectares. Currently, the territory of the National Park "Pucachensky" is divided into a protected and recreational zone, as well as a project area.

Visit mode:National Park "Pucachensky" is open for visiting for almost all year. The exception is only a spring dishthele, when it is impossible to pass through many tourist trails. But knowledgeable people recommend visiting the park of early autumn, when the trees flourish with all the colors. It is at this time that there are excellent species.

Why "puffy"?In addition to the plain routes, the ecotourists can make a small walk in the prassky mountains. And let the highest point of only 369 meters are a pleasant walk.

What to see:The relief of the "puffy" fleet of wavy-horms, many tourists attract numerous dues, beams and ravines. There are 300 springs with purest water on the territory of the "puffy". In some sources, water is a bit mineralized.

Infrastructure and services:On the territory of the National Park there are 4 tourist bases, more than 30 hiking and 5 water routes are laid. You can rent a horse, as well as use the services of an experienced conductor.

Cost:Holidays on the tourist bases of "Pucachensky" costs from 300 rubles. per person per day. You can remove a separate house for 1000 rubles. Only accommodation is included in the price, but the food or conquest of tourist trails and routes is for a fee. For example, renting a boat will cost 200 rubles. per hour, and hire hire - from 600 rubles. in an hour. The conductor on the route costs from 1500 rubles.

Flora and fauna:The park registered 55 species of mammals, among which there are those who are listed in the Red Book. It is also known about 168 types of birds, 15 types of amphibians and reptiles, it is impossible not to mention about 339 types of insects. Flora Park has 973 species of plants, among which more than 100 are recognized as rare and protected.

How to get:From Penza on a flight bus or a route taxi to stop "National Park" Pucachensky ". Also regular buses come from Samara.

Tunksky National Park

My publication is a response word to the topic "25 photos of amazing places worth seeing at least once in life."

Lord! Love first of all your homeland! Learn her story, nature, Meet unique, unique beauty and protect them!.

I did not put the task of showing and describing the famous national parks and reserves of Russia. It is impossible, and no need to be here on the site. But remind you to introduce some of them, interest, attract attention, I would like, and then you already ...

GO...

Russia has a little more than hundreds of nature reserves and national parks. It is unlikely that it is enough for such a huge territory as Russia, as some types of plants and animals continue to disappear. To attract attention to the problem, 2013 in Russia was declared the Year of Environmental Protection. Within the framework of the program, the arrangement of about two dozen environmental zones was planned.

Each Russian region, from Kaliningrad (Curonian Spit with a Dancing Forest) to Kamchatka (Sings and Volcanoes), is what to surprise.

The study of the nature of Russia is a very exciting occupation. Oh, I don't know anything about our homeland, and something is not much attention to school at school. It is unlikely that someone will set the goal to visit all the national parks of Russia, but traveling around the country, it is worth looking into these natural corners. Having delighted in geography, it is possible to know that "Manpoupongor" is, it turns out, not a Zamar curse, and a miracle of the world in the Republic of Komi, Tanais - the disappeared shopping city in the Rostov region, the Krasnoyarsk and Lensky poles - not at all posts, and amazing rocks. And many more discoveries are waiting for those who want to learn more about the amazing nature of our country.

The Trans-Baikal National Park is one of the few national parks of Russia, which fully meet the recommendations of UNESCO, imposed on this category of specialized natural territories.

Zabaykalsky National Park is located within the typical mountain-taiga area. Relief mountain. Large orographic units are distinguished within the park of the park: Svyprojsky Ridge, Barguzinsky Ridge, Chivirkuy Steel and Ushkanya Islands.

On the territory of the park in the direction from the northeast to the southwest, two mountain range are extended: the Barguzinsky ridge - gradually decreased from the Barguzinsky reserve to Oz. Barmash (the highest ridge mark at the park borders - 2376 m above sea level) and the middle ridge of the Holy Nose Peninsula (the highest mark in about the middle part 1877 m), gradually dropping to the north and south. Chivyrkussky shells connects the peninsula holy nose with the eastern shore of Baikal. Ushkanya Islands (about. Big Ears and Small Ushdani Islands) are the peaks of the academic ridge, which shares the Baikal Wpadin into two basins - North and South.

Altai Reserve - UNESCO World Natural Heritage Object since 1998. Included in the World Network of Biosphere Reserves of the UNESCO "Man and Biosphere" Program (MAB) - May 26, 2009. It is included in the list "Global-200" (WWF) - virgin or little changed ecodegions of the world, in which 90% of the Biodiversity of the Planet are concentrated.

The territory occupied by the Altai Reserve includes five physical and geographic areas of three natural provinces. In the spectrum of high-altitude explanation, almost all natural belts of the Mountain Altai are highlighted: the Tainic lowland and middle mountains, subalpine and alpine meadow midstores and highlands, tundrov-steppe highlands, tundra middle mountains and highlands, glacial-nival highlands. The forests occupy 34% of the total area of \u200b\u200bthe main zone. They are located in the lower and middle parts of the mountains, on the steep slopes of the valleys, as well as on the reduced parts of the slopes. The lower boundary of the forest begins at 436 meters (the level of the Teletsk Lake), and the upper is different in different parts. So, if it is in the south-east, it is at an altitude of 2000-2200 m above Ur.m., then in the north-west descends to the level of 1800-2000 m.

Of particular value of the protected area represent a unique grove of relict tees of pointed on about. Petrova, thickets of endemic microbiota cross-road, population of such rare animals, like Amur Hall, Amur Tiger, Ussuri Spotted Deer.

The Lazovsky Reserve is located on South Sikhote-Alin South, in the riverfire of the Kyiv river and black. The reserve ridge shares the territory of the reserve into two parts - the northern continental and southern seaside. The average height of the mountains is 500-700 m, individual vertices reach 1200-1400 m above sea level. The slopes of the mountains have different steepness, an average of 20-25 degrees, their crests are narrow, but flat. Significant areas are engaged in rocky placers. The height of the revolutions is reduced in the east towards the sea, the waterproof ridges go into small-scale ridges up to 100 m high.

The territory of the reserve includes two small islands - Petrova and Beltsov, located in the southern border of the reserve. Islands are covered with forest.

The very first reserve of the Far East and one of the oldest reserves of Russia formed to preserve and study the uniquely unbiased Lianan coniferous-wide forests of the southern Primorye, characterized by a high proportion of rare and endemic species of flora and fauna. The reserve and its surroundings are the only place in Russia, where the Far Eastern Leopard lives.

In 2004, the "Cedar Pad" reserve received the status of the UNESCO biosphere reserve.

The most valuable are Chernopihtovo-wide forests or blacks, Far Eastern Leopard, on Mount Tsalban, plants are common, which in other places of the Far East are very rare, - brought together a smorodinoliste, curor of Komarov. The reserve was first found (on Mount Chalban), primrose rocky and described new species for science - violet Far Eastern and Crested Ussuriyskaya. The cedar river flows on the territory of the reserve - its length does not exceed 25 kilometers. It is it for the scientists of the whole world an ideal of a pure river.

The Samara Luka National Park was established in 1984 by decision of the Council of Ministers of the RSFSR, and is one of the first three national parks in Russia.

The Samara Luka is a unique area formed by the radiation of the largest European River Volga in its middle course and the Usin bay of the Kuibyshev reservoir. The Volga in this place makes a big arc facing east, and then turns to the southwest. The length of it is more than 200 km. Highly raised ancient carbonate rocks here form the semblance of the island.

Unique relief forms, peculiar microclimate, amazing beauty of the mountains, a blue necklace framing their Volga, a unique flora and fauna gained the Zhiguli and Samara Luke in general world famous.

The concentration of monuments of virtually all known science of cultures of European forest-steppe, starting with a bronze age and early iron to modernity, is unusually high. There are about 200 natural historical monuments on the territory of the Samara Luka. She is rich and archaeological finds.

SMOLENSKY PRAINE NATIONAL PARK is formed in the territory of the Demidov and the Republic of Nutrition, the Smolensk Region in 1992 "to preserve natural complexes in recreational, educational, scientific and cultural purposes." In November 2002, he was assigned the status of the UNESCO Biosphere Reserve "Man and Biosphere (MAB)". The name of his "Smolensk Lady" is obliged to 35 large and small glacial lakes located on the territory of the park. Each of these lakes is perfect and unique.

By configuration, the park territory is almost the right rhombus. The maximum distance from the west to the east is 55 km, from north to south - 50 km. The geographical center of the park is located in the area of \u200b\u200bthe village. Przhevalsky. The total area of \u200b\u200bthe Park area within the boundaries approved by state acts is 146,237 hectares. The security zone is 500 m of the territory adjacent to the border of the park.

The National Park "Curonian Spit" is located in the part of the Kaliningrad region border with Lithuania on the narrow strip of sushi between the Soler Baltic Sea and the Freshwater Curonian Bay. The northern frontiers of the park are held through the Russian-Lithuanian border.

The natural uniqueness of the territory of the National Park is that it is the largest sandy reproach in the world. The dune landscapes of braids are distinguished by exceptional beauty and aesthetic effect on a person and are a unique object for the development of ecological tourism.

The Curonian Spit was regarded as "an exceptional example of a landscape consisting of sand dunes and under constant threat from the natural forces, such as wind and water. After the destructive intervention of a person who threatened the existence of a spit, by the work on stabilization and protection on the work on the day in the XIX century and continued to be restored. " Currently, the territory of the Curonian Spit is officially under the protection of the Convention on the Protection of the UNESCO World Cultural and Natural Heritage.

The Valdai National Park is formed to preserve the unique lake and forest complex of the Valdai hill and creating conditions for the development of an organized recreation in this zone. The basis for the creation of the park was the unique combination and wealth of natural components, the degree of their safety and the possibility of maintaining environmental equilibrium, a huge aesthetic effect of natural landscapes. On the territory of the Park there is a differentiated mode of special protection, taking into account its natural, historical and cultural features. In accordance with this, the following functional zones are highlighted: a protected, specially protected, recreational, zone of adjustable use around lakes and rivers, as well as a visitors' service area.

The National Park is located in the northern part of the Valdai Hill, the length of it from north to south is 105 km, from west to east - 45 km. The borders of the park approximately correspond to the boundaries of the waterborne pools Lake Borovno, Valdai, Padel, Seliger and the riverpiders.

The State Nature Reserve Baikal Lensky is located on Square 659.9 thousand. Located on the territory of Kachuga and Olkhon regions of the Irkutsk region. The reserve stretches from the south to the north along the western coast of Baikal by about 120 km at a medium width of 65 km.

The total length of the coastline of the FGBU "Reserved Baikalier" is about 590 km and covers the western coast of Baikal from the village of Kultuk in the south to Cape Elokhin in the north. In December 1996, the Baikal Lensky Reserve (along with Barguzinsky and Baikal) was included in the list of UNESCO World Cultural and Natural Heritage sites.

Currently, the process of unification of the Baikal-Lena Reserve and the Principal National Park in a single natural-guard, scientific and tourist complex: the Federal State Budgetary Institution "Reserved Baikalia" has been completed.

One of the oldest reserves of Russia formed in 1920 to preserve unique mineral deposits. Since 1935, it has been transformed into a comprehensive reserve to preserve and study mineral wealth, flora and fauna of the eastern macrosclone of the Southern Urals. In 1991, the historical and archaeological branch "Arkim" is attached to the reserve (currently "Steppe") for the preservation and study of the unique monument to the Ranger Bronze's unique monument - the Arkim settlement and the archaeological complex in the Bolshnaya Valley. The reserve is the only mineralogical reserve in the country and one of the few mineralogical reserves in the world.

Karadagsky Reserve

Not far from Feodosia is an amazing reserve with which a lot of legends is connected. Kara-Dag ("Black Mountain") is a volcanic array, the last eruption of which occurred 150 million years ago. The Karadagi Reserve, which occupies a territory in more than 2870 hectares, was founded in 1979. Moreover, part of its area falls on the Black Sea water area.

Wonderful Kara Daga landscapes attracted tourists in ancient times. So that the unique nature was not destroyed, a decision was made about the foundation of the natural reserve. Walking through this zone is allowed only accompanied by employees strictly according to the "ecological trail".

Since the founding of fauna and flora, the Karadagh Reserve was restored to a large extent. 125 species of animals living on the slopes of the mountain massif, 79 plant species are listed in the Red Book.

If you believe legends, in one of the underwater caves near Kara-Dag, a giant Karadagh monster is inhabited, similar to the snake.

Alien types of Kara-Dag - the result of the work of sea waves, the sun, wind and time. The symbol of the reserve is recognized as a rock in the form of an arch, born straight out of the water. It is called Shaitan-Kapu, which means "damn mouth". Other rocky protrusions also deserved unusual names - "Dragon", "Ivan-Robber", "King" and others.

Manpupener

Ural Mountains ... More than 200 million years ago, they proudly snored the young planet Earth and witnessed many of the grandiose events. For long millennia, water and wind gradually destroyed them. And today, the Ural Mountains are one of the lowest in the world. But there were places in the Urals where nature could not cope with a stone. One of them is known to us entitled Manpoupler.

The first thing under the influence of the environment was destroyed soft rocks, and the strongest were able to reach this day. Geologists call them remains. On Manpoupongore, the remains are huge stone pillars with a height of 30 to 42 m.

The place is truly mystical, because the weathered pillars, as else they call the remains, so ancient that Manti worshiped them in the period of paganism, and in translation from their language, Manpupuner means "small mountain idol". Mansi, unlike geologists, know the true origin of stone pillars.

Russian North Park

Vologodskaya Oblast.

Located in the north of Russian plains, the Russian North became one of the first national parks that appeared on the territory of the Russian Federation fully officially.

The peculiarity of this protected area is that at a relatively small territory in the area of \u200b\u200bRussian plain, it was possible to simultaneously collect the most complete "collection" of plants and trees, comfortably place a huge number of mammals, fish and birds, many of which have long been listed in the list of endangered species Not only in the territory of the Russian Federation, but also on the scale of the whole world.

As for historical and architectural monuments, their number in the National Park "Russian North" cannot but hit. First of all, several monasteries built over the 14-15 centuries of domestic history are of particular importance among other buildings.

Barguzinsky Reserve

The oldest Barguzinsky reserve in Russia is located on the northeast coast of Lake Baikal, on the Western slopes of the Barguzinsky ridge. Its task consisted and examining a sable. The reserve is known 39 types of mammals, 243 species of birds. Standing inhabitants of the reserve: Sable, columns, lynx, fox, wolf, bear, reindeer, elk, squirrel, Ryabchik, Stone Made Keedrovka, Baikal Nerpe.

Here you can see all the high-rise belts of the Barguzinsky ridge, trace the change of vegetation from the shore of Baikal to the alpine lakes.

Big Arctic Reserve

There is a reserve for the polar circle - on the Taimyr Peninsula and Small Islands, where the long-term permafrost, where you can only get through the air, and then in flight weather. But even from one trip you will definitely have enough for a lifetime.

In the Big Arctic Reserve, the type of environmental tourism is now gaining popularity - Berdvaching, bird observation.

Reserve "UBSUNARSKAYSKY"

The unique State Natural Biosphere Reserve "UBSUNUR KOTLIN" is among the key territories of Altai-Sayan Ekoregion. Which, in turn, is included in the list "Global 200" - a list of virgin or little modified ecodegions of the world, in which more than 90% of the planet biodiversity are concentrated. Simply put, this is one of the few places on the planet, where you can feel like 500-1000 (and even more) years ago.

The UBSUNOCK brand is characterized by the rarest combination of different elements of the fauna, there are 83 species of mammals. Red Wolf, Snow Bars (IRBIS), Altai Mountain Baran (Arkhar) and Dzerien are introduced into the Red Book of Russia and the Reserve. In 2003, the basin was listed by UNESCO World Heritage Site.

Caucasian State Biosphere Reserve

Organized in 1924, one of the largest not only in the Krasnodar Territory, but also in Russia. The reserve was established to protect the unique natural complex of Russian subtropics, restoring the number of animals and birds living in its territory. The reserve grows many types of southern plants, including fruit; Above 1900-2000 m above sea level are subalpian meadows characteristic of a large number of colors that make this zone are especially beautiful. The most valuable species of animals, birds and plants living in the reserve are listed in the Red Book. Any human economic activity on the reserve is prohibited.

Kivach.

The Natural Reserve Kivach is one of the oldest in Russia, was established in 1931. It is formed around the eponymous waterfall, which is its main attraction. A visit to the reserve and waterfall enters almost all excursions in Karelia.

Derzhavin - the first Olonetsky governor and an outstanding poet, wrote the famous ODU "Waterfall", after which Kivach took a prominent place in the work of many poets, artists, prose. The waterfall is beautiful at any time of the year: squeezed by basalt cliffs of water r. Suns from an eight meter height with heavy threads are collapsed down, forming a powerful, in flocks of foam, whirlpool and producing impressive noise. The most famous visitor of the waterfall is Emperor Alexander II. On the occasion of his arrival in 1868, a good road was laid to Kivachi, a gazebo was built on the right bank and a house for overnight - on the left, and below the waterfall - the bridge over the Suna River.

Klyuchevsky Natural Park

The Klyuchevsky Natural Park (Kamchatka Region) is located on the territory of the Forest Foundation of Kleevsky Leskhoz. The territory of the Natural Park is unique in its relief and has no analogues around the world: there are 13 multi-industrial volcanic structures in a minor territory, among which the most active in the world and the highest active volcano Vulcan with an absolute mark of about 4800 meters above sea level. Its height in connection with frequent eruptions is constantly changing at the expense of the flooding of Lava.

Krasnoyarsk pillars

Krasnoyarsk pillars are a national nature reserve, located in the spurs of Eastern Sayan, on the right bank of the Yenisei. Local rocks with pillars are named because of their form. They are high - from 60 to 600 meters - and narrow. The age of pillars is worthy of respect: according to various sources, it was 450 to 600 million years from the date of their occurrence. Under the suggestions of scientists, the pillars were formed due to the powerful pressure of the magma, which was not able to break into the surface of the Earth. And their bizarre outlines were formed due to the effects of wind precipitation.

The reserve has about hundreds of pillars from gray-rose granite, each of which has its own name. The names were assigned not by chance, but depending on what or someone or another is similar to anyone. One of the most famous post is a grandfather, as he resembles a formidable old man with a huge thick beard. His relatives are located next to him, granddaughter, grandmother, twins. There are also beasts, birds and in general, anything. For example, a Chinese wall, feathers, lion gates, tensile.

National Park "Call Tiger"

Located in Primorsky Krai.

The National Park was formed in 2007 in the southeastern part of the Primorsky Territory, and the main goal of its creation was to maintain the population of Amur tigers who are under threat. Of course, there are other rare animals here - Far Eastern Forest Cat, spotted deer, Goral, Koslya, Razubr, Himalayan and brown bears.

the landscape of it is the mountains and valleys, so the height difference can reach more than 1,700 km. Alone of the mountains of a more kilometer in the territory and on the borders more than 50. Thanks to the difference in height and achieves an amazing variety of flora of the park, which is not equal to the world. Here you can see many plants listed in the Red Book, thick fir and tundra forests, as well as relict plants. The unique appearance of the Park's scenery gives Liana (lemongrass, wild grapes) who chase coniferous trees. Here you can also find a variety of medicinal plants and colors: lilies, peonies, shoes, and so on.

About 250 different types of birds and more fifty mammals live in the park "Call Tigra". There is no longer anything like that in Russia.

Little can compare with magic and splendor of the African wildlife. It is unlikely that any other national park in the world from the point of view of its untouched countryside, wild wildlife and the vast area of \u200b\u200bthe region can be compared with the Kruger's reserve in South Africa.

The Kruger National Park is able to offer one of the best safaris in the world. In one place, you can see a wide range of the largest mammals on Earth, a large number of birds, large predators and their victims. If you are a fan of wildlife, then definitely this place is for you.

Sagarmatha National Reserve, Nepal

Highly and majestically located in Himalayas, the Nepalian Reserve of the Sagarmatha includes three out of the ten highest mountains in the world, including Everest. Endless glaciers, breathtaking valleys with pristine snow make the Sagarmatha Natural Park part of the UNESCO World Heritage Site. And, of course, for lovers of wildlife, do not visit this high-altitude reserve - it means to lose something important.

Fjordland Reserve, New Zealand

If you are a lover of magnificent fjords and boat walks, then this is the place that needs to be visited. Milford Sound is the main attraction (Milford Sound), but, in addition, the remaining 14 fjords with the most romantic landscapes make this park a unique place that does not look like any reserve in the world.

Galapagos Islands National Park, Ecuador

Galapagos Islands with amazing landscapes, surrounded by clear blue water, is just a paradise for exotic animals and wildlife. The unique atmosphere of the islands is historical and scientific value. Recently, environmental tourism initiatives have been fully supported here.

Tikal National Park, Guatemala

Traveling to Tikal National Park is, first of all, a means for learning the heritage of Maya. Located in the wild jungle, Tikal hides fantastic ruins of Maya settlements, which are dating about 250-900 AD. Even what remains from those times is striking the imagination of tourists to the amazing architecture of temples and a variety of different wild animals. Tikal is a place for amazing adventures and unforgettable impressions.

Reserve "Yellow Dragon", China

Calcium precipitate creates a gold illusion here, which gave the name of this place - "yellow dragon". Also, this reserve is a house for a cute, known to the world of Panda - a symbol of WWF.

The territory is characterized by a unique closed ecosystem with waterfalls, hot springs, virgin forests and snow caps on the tops of the mountains, where such disappearing species like Sichuan gold-bearing monkeys and a gigantic panda are inhabited. "Yellow Dragon" - True Mecca for photographers from around the world.

Iguazu National Reserve, Argentina

The guarded territory, which enters the World Heritage, is the most impressive place in Brazil and Argentina. Exciting the imagination of waterfalls with a height of more than 70 meters and a width of 1500 meters is the habitat of the best types of South America fauna. Types of surrounding subtropical forests will not leave anyone indifferent.

Cockada National Reserve, Australia

Cockada National Reserve is located in North Australia. This typical Australian landscape is one of the few places listed in the World Heritage List, both because of its natural and due to cultural significance.

The reserve extends more than 3.2 million acres and includes several territories of the traditional residence of the indigenous peoples of the continent. Wonderful South Alligator rivers, coastal beaches, tropical forests and monsoon winds make Kakada National Reserve with a welcome place to visit.

People's Reserve, Switzerland

Although Switzerland is the most famous Magic Alps, there is a single national reserve, which, nevertheless, is worth a visit. The Swiss National Park was created in 1914 and inhabited by a huge variety of interesting animals, such as Sulna, a mountain goat, Berkut or bearded vulture. Rivers, vertices of the snowy mountains and alpine valleys represent nature in its picturesque manifestations.

Machu Picchu, Peru

Majestic Machu Picchu was the most popular tourist purpose in Peru for many years. Regardless of how many times the tourist was here to enjoy the greatness of ancient monuments, the journey in the tracks of the Inca always brings excitement, adventures and secrets.

Reserved territories in Russia exist for a long time. More primitive people noticed how quickly hunting grounds are fastened. The first "events" on the protection of nature was religious. There were "Holy Places", "Reserved Forests", "Forbidden Places".

Supernatural, mysterious features were endowed with various animals: bears, beavers and many others. That is why for a long time, beautiful areas of nature, individual animals and plants fell under special security.

State Natural Reserves, including biosphere - areas of the territory, fully seized by their usual economic use, on which people stop all their interference in natural processes to compare the latter with mastered lands. Reserves are viewed as research institutions that perform scientific protective and cultural and educational functions.

Used as a background reserved reference object when studying biosphere processes. Russia has about 90 reserves, including 16 biosphere.

Natural national parks - Extensive areas where regulated tourism and recreation of people are ensured, propaganda of environmental knowledge is carried out. There are also household zones in national parks.

Natural parks - Territories that are distinguished by special aesthetic and environmental value with a relatively soft security regime and used mainly for organized recreation.

Reservations - Territories created for a certain period (in some cases constantly) to preserve or restore natural complexes or their components.

Nature monuments - unique, non-refused natural objects with scientific, environmental, cultural and aesthetic value (caves, century-old trees, rocks, waterfalls, etc.). In these territories, any activity that violates their safety is prohibited.

Dendrological Parks and Botanical Gardens - Environmental institutions, whose task is to create collections of trees and shrubs, in order to preserve the biological diversity and enrichment of the plant world, as well as in scientific, educational and cultural and educational purposes. Works on the introduction and acclimatization of new plants for this region are also underway.

Natural reserves of Russia

In Russia, at the beginning of 2006, 101 national natural reserves acted with a total area of \u200b\u200babout 340,000 km2. Reserves are located in all natural zones - from the Arctic deserts on the island of Wrangel to subtropics (Caucasian Reserve) in 70 constituent entities of the Russian Federation. The largest of them is the large Arctic State Natural Reserve (the area is 4 million 169.2 hectares; he is the largest in Eurasia), and the smallest - Galichi Mountain in the Lipetsk region (231 hectares; He is listed in the Guinness Book of Records as the smallest in world). Until 1916, only local hunting reserves and private reserves existed in our country. The first official state reserve of Russia is considered to be Barguzinsky. He was established by the decision of the Irkutsk Governor General in 1916, and in 1917 its creation was issued by a government decree officially. However, according to some reports, the Sayan Reserve was discovered somewhat earlier than Barguzinsky, although at that time was not officially executed. The most young reserve was today - the Cologry Wood, created in 2006

Pechoro Ilych Reserve

Pechoro Ilych Reserve Located on the western slopes of the Northern Urals in the Taiga zone. The reserve was formed in 1930 to preserve the unique animal and plant peace of the pre-Urals. About 40 species of mammals live here: elk, reindeer, wolf, wolverine, beaver, sable, cunning; 200 bird species. In rivers are valuable types of fish - salmon, Sig, Harius, Tymen. In 1984, the Pechoro Ilych Reserve was assigned the status of a biosphere.

Kronotsky Reserve

Kronotsky State Reserve It was established in 1934 to restore the number of Kamchatka Sable. Since 1967, it exists like a biosphere reserve and includes unique objects of Kamchatka Nature: the valley of geysers, the caldera of the clock, the Kronotskoe Lake, nine acting volcanoes, fragile fir-firing fir. Thus, the territory of the reserve covers the main landscapes of Kamchatka - the ocean coast, tundra, taiga, mountains, volcanoes.

Here you can meet geasers, thermal sources, different in temperature and mineral composition; hydrothermal sources with temperatures above +100 ° C; Warm and cold carbon dioxide mineral springs. Their emergence is associated with earthquakes and. On Kamchatka about 160 volcanoes, 29 of them - valid.

Cedar Pad

Reserve "Cedar Pad" It was formed in 1916 on the coast of the Amur Gulf for the protection of the natural wealth of the Ussuri Taiga. Here, the Korean cedar is growing, reaching the height of 40 m and more than 1 m in diameter, velvet, walnut, ash, linden, oak, occurs ginseng. The main object of protection of the reserve is the Ussuri tiger.

Other reserves of Russia

There are several reserves in the tundra, one of which is Kandalaksky. It was opened in 1932 on the coast of the Kola Peninsula. Under the protection of the wild northern deer, as well as a variety of bird species.

On the island of Wrangel in 1996, the first tundra ornithological reserve was created, in which the birds are being studied and guarded. The main object of observation in the reserve is polar geese, which nest in these parts.

In the Siberian Taiga, the first natural park was created in 1995. He is called "Condi Lakes". Picturesque reservoirs, pine forest, abundance of mushrooms and berries, excellent seats for hunting and fishing attract tourists and holidaymakers.

The animal world of these places is amazingly diverse: river beaver, sable, otter, wolverine, fox, northern deer, ondatra. From birds: Ceremonary, Tewer, Partridge, Gray Crane, Orlan-Belochvost, Swan Clikun.

National Parks of Russia

In 1987, there were 156 reserves and 17 national parks in our country. Now the number of the latter has increased markedly. Currently there are 34.

The national parks included the most picturesque and valuable territories in natural attitude (Valdai, Samara Luka, Meshchera, Curonian Spit, Elbrus, Baikal, etc.), many of them received international recognition and are included in the World Heritage List.

Every year, national parks attract more travelers not only from Russia, but also from abroad. Visitors of the National Park are offered interesting excursions on pedestrian and equestrian routes, destinations on fishing, photo chock, skiing and snowmobiles and much more.

On the territory of the former USSR, the first national park appeared in the Estonian SSR on the coast of the Gulf of Finland in 1971 - this Lahemaa (EST. - Gulf Earth). On the territory of Russia was the first to be opened Sochi National Park - On May 5, 1983, the youngest Today National Park of Russia - "Russian Arctic", stretching in the territory of the Arkhangelsk region. It was opened on June 15, 2009. The possibility of creating the Mologa National Park in the Yaroslavl region is considered.

Now in Russia there are 40 national parks, whose territory covers almost all natural zones: from taiga to mountain peaks of the Caucasus, from the Baltic Sea to mountain areas of the south of Transbaikalia. The largest area - National Park "Udegie Legend"Located in Primorsky Krai. Its area is 88,600 km 2. The smallest - "Curonian Spit", which occupies the territory of not only the Russian Kaliningrad region, but also Lithuania.

We will tell about some national parks of the middle strip of Russia.

Smolensk Posoyerier

National Park "Smolensk Pozernier" Created in 1992 in the unique corner of the Central Russian nature. It is located in the north-west of the Smolensk region. This is the edge of the lakes. The water system of the park complements 16 rivers, mineral springs, horse sphagnum swamps.

On the park, the watershed of the pools of the Baltic and Black Seas. The terrain is traces of an ancient Valdai glaciation. All lakes, and here there are 35, have a glacial origin. Everyone is unique in its own way. For example, in the lake, the number is amazingly transparent water, in muddy - therapeutic dirt, Baklanovskoe - the deepest. And Lake Capsho is famous for the fact that on its shore there is a museum-manor of the famous Russian traveler Nikolai Mikhailovich Przhevalsky.

Fish is found in the park lakes. In the forests of many birds and animals. You can meet a bear, moose, boar, root. The hunt for them, of course, is prohibited. You can only watch and photograph.

Orlovskaya Polesie

National Park "Orlovskaya Polesie" Located at the junction of the forest area and forest-steppes. The relief of the park is a wavy plain, folded by water-glacier sands and sublinks. There are sand dunes with a height of up to 10 m. The territory is dissected by a thick network of river valleys and beams. There are two lakes, several dozen artificial reservoirs. Gray crane, exhauster, badger, beaver, trot and even a dark European forest bee live in the park.

National Park Ugra

National Park "Ugra" In the Kaluga region, it was opened for tourists on July 1, 1997. It is located in the picturesque valleys of the rivers of the Ugra and Surifes, as well as on the left bank of Oka. The length of the territory of the park from the north to the south is 130 km, and from the west to the east - 80 km, which ensures a sufficient variety of natural landscapes. By its content, the National Park is a historical and natural. There are 21 monument of nature, more than 30 architectural monuments, famous spiritual centers, about 100 archaeological sites.

The UGRU River on the territory of the National Park flows on unreasonable, wooded places. Her steep shores are buried in the greenery of pine bors. Water is so clean that plants are preserved in it - water purity indicators: white water lily, freshwater sponge - bodhage. One of the most mysterious places of the park is the forest tract of the "damn fortification" with impassable forests, deep gloomy ravines, sheer rocks, stone blocks and caves. Archaeologists have found traces of the parking lot of an ancient person (Iron Age).

Nechkhan

National Park "Nechkhansky" It was organized in 1997. It is located at the junction of the taiga and coniferous-decide forests of the preirals. The territory extending to the good hundred kilometers above and below the dam of the Botkin reservoir is covered with light pine forests, mixed in decreases with fir and birchings with admixtures of fir, larch, linden and oak.

In the forests, lakes and rivers, 745 species of plants grow on meadows and swamps and live 114 species of animals. On the territory of the National Park there are numerous monuments of archeology, history and culture of different eras.

Landscapes and panoramas of extensive water and forest exploits Park attract painting artists, lovers of photos and tourists.

Reservations of Russia

Another form of protected natural territories is the reserves.

Reserve - a plot of territory or water area, within which there is not the entire natural complex under special protection, as in the reserve, but only the individual elements: vegetation, all or some types of animals, etc.

Unlike the reserve, the land of the reserves is not withdrawn from the land user, for a certain period, only certain types of activity are limited (displeasure, forest cutting, sealing, hunting, fisheries, tourism, etc.).

Currently, Russia has 69 federal relevant relevant relevant areas by an area of \u200b\u200babout 170,000 km 2 in 45 subjects of the federation and about 12 thousand regional reserves. Among the first reserves formed in 1958, you should call Tseysky (Regional, North Ossetia - Alania), Priazovsky (federal, Krasnodar Territory), Hingano-Arkharinsky(federal, Amur region), Voronezh (federal, Voronezh region), Kirzinsky (federal. Novosibirsk region), Tyumen (federal, Tyumen region), Yaroslavsky (federal, Yaroslavl region).