The highest mountains of the world name are different, but at the same time they can be called briefly - seven peaks - this is the term appeared in 1985 at the suggestion of Richard Basa (a man who first conquered all seven peaks) and united seven highest peaks on each Continent. This union is not equal to the rating of the highest mountains of the world, most of which are located in Nepal. This list is made up of mountains, each of which is the highest on its continent.

The highest peak of North America is located on Alaska and is the center of Denali National Park. The top of the Mac-Kinley Mind is removed from the ground by 6194 meters. This mountain is the third in the world on topographic position, it was overtaken only Everest and Akonkagua. And if you take into account the attitude of the basis for a peak, then Mac-Kinley is the highest mountain in the world. Mountain received its name in honor of the American president, and the Indian name - Denali - means "Great".

As a part of the Andes and having a height of 6959 meters, Mount Akonkagua is considered the highest peak of South America. The mountain is located in the Argentine Province of Mendoza and removed from the border with Chile by 15 km. The name of the mountain occurred from words in the language of the people of Kechua "Stone Guard".

Europe - Mount Elbrus (Russia)

Elbrus is an invalid volcano of a 5642 meter high, which is located in the Caucasian mountains on the border of Russia and Georgia.

Elbrus has several other names, the most romantic of which translated from Adygei and Kabardino-Cherkessky means "a mountain that brings happiness."

Asia - Mount Everest (Nepal / China)

The highest mountain of the world Everest is exactly on the border of Nepal and China. Everest is part of Himalayas - the highest mountain range in the world. It is here that the highest mountains are located in the world. Everest height - 8848 meters. Everest manites all climbers in the world and it is understandable. Technically, Everest routes are not very complex, but they are added to them such problems as high-altitude disease, the strongest wind and disgusting weather conditions. The name Everest is English - in honor of the head of the geodesic service, for the first time to host the European Community about this top. The mountain has the Tibetan name of Jomolungma (the Divine Mother of Life) and the Nepalian Sagarmatha equivalent to him (the mother of the gods).

The highest mountain of the African continent is an extinct volcano, the highest point of which is distant from the sea level by 5895 meters. Moreover, Kilimanjaro has three peaks, two of which were extinct, and the third may well wake up. Kilimanjaro eves 360 thousand years ago, but volcanic activity in the peak of Cybo (the highest of three) was seen 200 years ago, which indicates that the volcano is potentially active. In the language of Swahili, the name Kilimanjaro means "sparkling mountain".

The highest point of Oceania is also the highest mountain in the world, which is located on the island. Punchy jaya is located in the west of New Guinea Island. The height of the Punchak-Jay Mountain, which is also called just Jay or Pyramid Carstenza, is 4884 meters. The name of the mountain in Indonesian means "Mount Victory".

Antarctica - Mount Vison

The seventh of the highest mountains of the world is his name in honor of Charles Vyson - American famous politician. Mountain Massif Vinson is part of the Alsuworth Mountains and has a high point remote from the sea level by 4892 meters.

Seven mountains, each of which is unique in its origin and beauty, mounted climbers around the world. Climbers who conquered seven peaks are combined into an informal community.

The highest mountains of Russia are located in the Caucasus. They always attracted brave climbers who are looking for sharp impressions and eager to conquer all the new peaks. Caucasian hills received the name "five thousandths", because the height of these mountains, relative to the sea level, exceeds the mark of 5,000 m. Each vertex has a complex relief, so they are very dangerous for climbers, especially for those who do not have sufficient experience in this sphere.

Elbrus and Dykhtau - Rating Leaders

The highest mountain in Russia is Elbrus, the height of which is 5,642 m. It is located on the territory of immediately 2 republics - Karachay-Cherkess and Kabardino-Balkarian. Interestingly, in each of them, Elbrus received its name. So in the Karachay-Cherkess Republic, she is known as Oshhamakho, which means "Mount of Happiness", and in Kabardino-Balkarian - Mini Tau, i.e. "Eternal Mountain." At the adjacent territories Elbrus, a ski resort was organized, which enjoys great popularity among climbers and tourists.

With Mount Elbrus, various myths and legends are connected. For example, it is believed that the gods and giants lived on her vertices, and the foot was located a fabulous town of the temple, which is known today as the lost city of Ruscolani. Here you can see the ruins that remain from fortresses, near which is a natural source with mineral water, it is believed that it has healing properties.

The second highest mountain in Russia is called Dykhtau.And it is located in Kabardino-Balkaria. Her vertex reaches a height of 5 204 m, and it also possesses pretty steep slopes, so few people are driving to climb her. In 2011, coins were issued in the Republic of Palau with a nominal value of $ 5 depicting the vertex of this mountain. Despite the dangerous and rather difficult rise to the trouble, there are still coughs that are solved to conquer it. It should be noted that their risk is fully justified, because from the top of the mountain, a stunning panorama opens.

Koshtatau, Pushkin and Dzhangitau peak

In the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic, in the territory of the city of Bezeng, there is a mountain Koshtartau, which has the most picturesque vertex. Among other mountain hills, it occupies a 3rd place in height, which is 5,152 m. Katthantau is distinguished by the unique beauty that attracts experienced climbers. Not all cough can overcome a difficult rise to the mountain and resist the dangers of them on the way, therefore, death cases occur quite often. In 1988, a large tragedy occurred - 2 climbers and the 2nd of their accompanying died during the conquest of Koshtartau.

The next Mountain - Pushkin's peak, the height of which is 5,100 m. It received its name in 1938 in honor of the 100th anniversary of the Russian writer A.S. Pushkin. This mountain is located in the center of the Caucasus, namely in the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic. The incredible number of tourists and climbers Peakkin's peak attracts with its beauty - snow-covered, sparkling under the rays of the sun with tops and stunning nature.

Mount Jangitau rightfully belongs to the 5th place in the ranking of the most majestic vertices of Russia, as its height is 5,085 m. It is part of a huge array called the Bezengian Wall, which is located in Kabardino-Balkaria and extends 12 km. Many who wish to conquer this mountain, but not everyone dares. The climber who climbed at Dzhangitau receives a reward in the form of an honorary sign of the "Snow Bars of Russia", which is a huge stimulus. The first who received such a reward is a climber Alexey Bukinich, living in the city of Sochi.

Beautiful Shhara and Majestic Kazbek

The main ridge of the Caucasus includes a mountain of Schhara, characterized by indescribable beauty. It ranks 6th in the ranking, as its height is 5,068 m, this mark is the highest in the Georgian Republic. Schhara is located between Georgia and Kabardino-Balkaria, drawing up the border thus. The mountain slopes are paved with granite rocks and crystal shale, which sparkle in the sun, forming a charming phenomenon. Shhara has dangerous cliffs and ice rivers, descending from the top of the top, they can be seen even from afar. This mining elevation is very popular among travelers and climbers who love extreme rest.

Completes the list of the highest mountain hills of the Russian Federation - Kazbek. In fact, it is an extinct volcano, with which many myths and legends are associated with Promethea. So on the ancient legends Titan, who gave people fire, was chained to this grief. At its height, which is 5,034 m, Kazbek takes the 7th place. The mountain is located on the territory of North Ossetia, which is part of the Georgian Republic. The British became the first climber who conquered Kazbek, and a few decades later, his feat decided to repeat the resident of Russia Andrei Pastukhov.

During the study of the hill, the gorges were discovered, the caves, in which the ancient settlements and monasteries were located. These places are often visited by tourist groups arriving with a different corner of the planet. Also snow vertices and the picturesque area of \u200b\u200bKazbek always attract researchers and travelers.

Mountains take about 24% of all sushi. Most of all the mountains in Asia - 64%, the least in Africa - 3%. 10% of the world's population lives in the mountains. And it is in the mountains that most rivers on our planet originate.

Characteristic Mountains

According to the geographical position of the mountain, they are combined into various communities that should be distinguished.

. Mountain belts - The largest education, often stretching through several continents. For example, the Alpine-Himalayan belt passes through Europe and Asia or Andijan-Cordillers, stretching through North and South America.
. Mining system - Groups of mountains and ridges similar to structure and age. For example, the Ural Mountains.

. Mountain ridges - A group of mountains stretched into line (Sangre de Cristo in the USA).

. Mountain groups - also a group of mountains, but not elongated in line, but simply located nearby. For example, the Mountains of Ber-in in Montana.

. Single mountains - Not other, often have volcanic origins (dining area in South Africa).

Natural zones Gor.

Natural zones in the mountains are located layers and replace depending on the height. At the foot most often there is a zone of meadows (in highlands) and forests (in medium and lowlands). The higher, the harsh becomes climate.

The belts are influenced by the climate, height, relief of mountains and their geographical position. For example, the continental mountains have no forest belts. From the foot to the top of the natural zones are changing from the desert to the meadows.

Types of Mountains

There are several classifications of mountains on various features: in structure, shape, origin, age, geographical position. Consider the most basic types:

1. By age Stay old and young mountains.

Old Call mining systems, whose age is calculated by hundreds of millions of years. The internal processes in them subsided, and the external (wind, water) continue to destroy, gradually comparing them with the plains. The old mountains include the Urals, Scandinavian, Hibin (on the Kola Peninsula).

2. In height There are lowlands, middle mountains and high mountains.

Low Mountains (up to 800 m) - with round or flat vertices and gentle slopes. There are many rivers in such mountains. Examples: Northern Urals, Hibiny, Tien Shan Snogs.

Middle Mountains (800-3000 m). They are characterized by changing the landscape depending on the height. This is Polar Urals, Appalachi, the Mountains of the Far East.

High Mountains (over 3000 m). These are mainly young mountains with steep slopes, sharp peaks of the vertices. Natural zones are replaced by forests to icy deserts. Examples: Pamir, Caucasus, Andes, Himalayas, Alps, Rocky Mountains.

3. By origin Allocate volcanic (Fuji), tectonic (Altai mountains) and denudation, or erosion (Vilyuyskiy, Ilim).

4. At the form of a vertex Mountains are peek (peak of communism, Kazbek), plain and dining rooms (Ambea in Ethiopia or monument valley in the USA), dome-shaped (Ayu Dag, Mashuk).

Climate in the mountains

The mountain climate has a number of characteristic features that appear with a height.

A decrease in temperature - the higher, the colder. It is not by chance that the peaks of the highest mountains are covered with glaciers.

Falls atmospheric pressure. For example, on top of Everest, pressure is twice lower than at sea level. That is why water in the mountains boils faster - at 86-90ºC.

The intensity of solar radiation increases. In the mountains, sunlight contains more ultraviolet.

The amount of precipitation increases.

High mountain ranges delay precipitation and affect the movement of cyclones. Therefore, the climate on different slopes of the same mountain may differ. With a viewed side, a lot of moisture, the sun, with the leeward is always dry and cool. A bright example is the Alps, where subtropics are presented on one side of the slopes, and a moderate climate dominates from the other.

The highest mountains in the world

(Click on the picture to increase the scheme in full)

Seven highest vertices in the world are distinguished, to conquer that all climbers dream. Those who succeeded, become honorary members of the Semi Verkhin Club. These are such mountains like:

. Jomolungma, or Everest (8848 m). Located on the border of Nepal and Tibet. Refers to the Himalayas mountain system. It has the shape of a triangular pyramid. The first conquest of the mountain took place in 1953.

. Akonkagua (6962 m). This is the highest mountain in the southern hemisphere, located in Argentina. Refers to the Mountain System Andes. The first ascent took place in 1897.

. Mac-Kinley. - the highest peak of North America (6168 m). Located on Alaska. First conquered in 1913. It was considered the highest point of Russia, until Alaska was sold to America.

. Kilimanjaro. - The highest age of Africa (5891.8 m). Located in Tanzania. First conquered in 1889. This is the only mountain where all types of land belts are presented.

. Elbrus. - the highest peak of Europe and Russia (5642 m). Located in the Caucasus. The first ascent took place in 1829.

. Massif Vince - The highest mountain of Antarctica (4897 m). Enters the system of Mount Elsuort. It is first conquered in 1966.

. Mont Blanc - The highest point of Europe (many attribute Elbrus to Asia). Height - 4810 m. Located on the border of France and Italy, refers to the Alps mountain system. The first ascent in 1786, and after a century, in 1886, the top of Mont Blancus conquered Theodore Roosevelt.

. Pyramid Carsten - the highest mountain in Australia and Oceania (4884 m). Located on New Guinea Island. First conquest - in 1962

12.12.2019 at 23:01 · VeraschegoLeva. · 17 750

Top 10 highest mountains in Russia

Although Russia is often seen through the prism of such cities as Moscow and St. Petersburg, it can offer much more. Natural landscapes turn Russia to paradise for travelers, which to this day is not so widely open for the eyes of the average man. For all passionate travelers, we officially declare here the most exciting spirit of the mountains!

Even if you are not an avid climber or amateur just climb the mountains, visiting these stunning vertices will add adventures to your Russian holiday.

« Is there anything better than the mountains? Mountains that you have not visited" Ask any Russian, and they certainly recognize this famous song of Vladimir Vysotsky. And who can really disagree with it?

Caucasus, Altai, Ural, Siberia, Kamchatka - There are many places in the country where mountaineers and tourists can experience magic of mighty vertices for themselves.

We present you a list of the 10 highest mountains in Russia - extensive geography, as well as higher points on the map with titles and height of peaks - information for grade 4.

10. Beluha, 4905 m

Towering in the republic Beluha It is a three-piece mountain range, which rises along the border of Russia and Kazakhstan, just a few dozen miles north of the point where this border is found with the border of China. There are several small glaciers on the mountain, including the Belukha Glacier.

Beluha first rose in 1914 by the brothers. Most of the ascents on the eastern vertex follow the same southern route as the first ascent. Although Altai is lower in height than other Asian mountain groups, it is very removed, and it takes a lot of time and planning.

9. Klyuchevskaya Sopka, 4850 m

Klyuchevskaya Natka. appeared 6000 years ago. Its first registered eruption occurred in 1697, and since then it is almost continuously active, like many of the neighboring.

For the first time, peak was submitted in 1788 by Daniel Gauss and two other participants in the Billings expedition. Other raises were not registered until 1931, when several climbers were killed by a flying lava on the descent. Since such dangers still exist today, there are few climb on the top.

The Klyuchevskaya Sopka is considered sacred for some indigenous peoples, and is considered by them as a place where the world was created. Other volcanoes in the region have a similar spiritual meaning, but the Klyuchevskaya Sopka is the most sacred one.

8. Peak Shota Rustaveli, 4859 m

Mountain known more as peak Shota Rustaveli Located in the central part of the Grand Caucasus mountain range at the Svaneti Border (Georgia) and Kabardino-Balkaria (Russia).

Shota Rustaveli, as a rule, is the ninth among the highest points of the Caucasus. The slopes of the mountain glacier, and some of the glaciers descend well in the neighboring valleys. His name takes roots from the famous Georgian poet Shota Rustaveli.

7. Mihirgi, 5025 m

In early January 2009, Sasha Gukov, Sergey Kondrashkin, Alik Izotov and Victor Koval made the first winter climbing on the northern ridge of the Eastern Peak Mihirgi..

Mihirggi - the eastern auxiliary peak of Dykhtau, on the ridge in the direction of Kostuntau; Its northern side towers by almost 2000 m above the Mihirggy Glacier basin.

The route was first passed in August 1952 by a team of five people Vasily Pelevine on hard 5b, but rarely repeated due to bad stone and stonepad at the bottom. In 2009, the team experienced a lot of bad weather by making five bivouaks before reaching the vertices.

6. Kazbek, 5032 m

Famous locally like Mkinwardzverie or the top of the glacier, mountain KazBek Rises at 5032 meters above sea level, making it the highest mountain in Eastern Georgia and one of the highest in Russia. Peak is located right on the border with Russia, but it is easiest to go away from the Georgian side.

Because of the relative ease, with which this sleeve stratov toll rises, and exciting views from the top, Mount Kazbek is one of the most popular climbers places in the Caucasian ridge. Most tourists flock to climb him during June and July, but local guides offer winter trips to ride skiing.

Mount Kazbek was first conquered in 1868 by the expedition of the British and French climbers in the Alpine Club, but for a long time had cultural and historical importance for the local population.

According to the legend, the Georgian version of Prometheus was chained to this mountain as a punishment for the fact that she stole the fire from the gods and then handed it with mortals.

5. Pushkin Peak, 5100 m

Peak Pushkin Located in the Mountain Arrays of the Dykh-Tau Bezengi (Central Caucasus, Russia) between the Eastern Dykh-Tau and the peak of Borovikov. From the top of the peak of Borovikov to the north there is a thin ridge.

Commissioned in 1961 by the "Spartak" team led by Klezko (3rd place at the USSR Championship). The Klezko route ran to the left from the peak of Borovikov to the west of Mihirgi.

There is another route on Pushkinskaya 5B, laid by Kudinov in 1972 (4th place in the USSR Championship), passing more on the right. It goes through a avalanche-dangerous hanging glacier and is dangerous due to ice collapse from the top hanging glacier.

4. Koshtat Tau, 5152 m

Koshtat - The fourth in the height of the mountain in Europe. This is one of the two "Benefi brothers", noting the eastern tip of the northern massif. The big pyramid of Katan is impressive, and her northwestern person gives you a good idea of \u200b\u200bhow difficult to climb the Caucasus.

The route of the northern ridge is quite direct, but long. In addition, the journey to this top is complex and difficult, since you need to climb three steps of the Mihirgi Glacier.

Most other routes on top are complex and dangerous. A few years ago, a whole team of Ukrainian climbers was killed on top during rock climbing competitions. Peak is also known as Koshtat Tau..

3. Shhara, 5193 m

Schhara It is the highest point and eastern anchor array known as the wall of disadvantage (or bengup), a 12-kilometer ridge. This is a big steep peak in a strongly icy region, representing serious problems for climbers. Its northern side (on the Russian side) has a height of 1,500 meters and contains several classic complex routes.

A significant vertex of Shhara in the West, a height of 5193 m, in itself is the goal for climbing, and the intersection of the whole Wall Wall is considered " the longest, difficult expedition of Europe ".

The peak was first raised in 1888 on the route of the Northeast Ridge by the British-Swiss team W. Almera, J. Kokina and K. Rota. This route is still one of the simplest and most popular routes on the mountain. The first full course of the Wall Indiges was in 1931 by the Austrians K. Poppinger, K. Molden and S. Shintlmeister.

2. Dykh-Tau, 5204 m

Dyh-Tau. It is the second largest in the mountains of the Caucasus after Elbrus and the second height in Europe.

This is one of the great Caucasian peaks, addressed to the magnificent flange wall through the Union Glacier. The first ascent of Mammerme and Zarflukha in 1888 was a major achievement of that time. Their route up the southwest ridge is no longer used as a regular route.

1. Elbrus, 5642 m

Elbrus. - This is an extinct volcano with two cones reaching 5642 meters and 5595 meters in height. The volcano formed more than 2.5 million years ago. Sulfuric gases are still thrown into his oriental slopes, and there are many mineral springs along downward flows.

The total area of \u200b\u200bElbrus in 138 sq. Cm is covered with 22 glaciers that feed the Kuban River and some of the Terek's driving. Elbrus is a major center for mountaineering and tourism in the Caucasus region. In 1964, an extensive tourist and climbing base with large sports facilities was opened.

Choosing readers:

Russia is a huge country country. It is not surprising that it has all terrain reliefs that are found in nature. Among the plains and the steppes, the mountain ranges and vertices occupy a special place. They attract travelers and researchers, scientists and tourists, archaeologists and climbers. What mountains are in Russia? What you should pay attention to?

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Origin

Mountain areas are formed As a result of complex processes. Tectonic fermentation, discharges and fault faults occur in the land cortex. They are carried out continuously during the entire existence of the planet, in ancient temporary era, such as Paleozoa, Mesoza or Cenozoa. Young are those who are located in the Far East, in Kamchatka and Kurilla. In these territories, seismic activity often occurs and volcanoes are eructed.

In the European part of Russia there is a large plain, which has a geographical border in the East in the form. These are unique natural sculptures that cause national pride.

Interesting!Only in the Urals there is a natural reserve guarding mineralogy. In Ilmensky, a huge variety of minerals, unique and amazing in their structure and structure.

In the Urals, there are many tourist bases, they are located ski resorts. Climbers conquer these majestic elevations.

Mountain Areas of Russia

• Baikalia and Transbaikalia;
• Altai;
• Sayans;
• range Verkhoyansky and Broan;
• Chest ridge.

Each of the areas is interesting and beautiful, the names of the mountains in their composition are unique And they are obliged to origin to peoples who inhabit the nearby territories. These edges are mounted by harsh conditions, body tests and spirit. Altai is one of the most popular destinations for tourists. But the black ridge is on the map, but so far it has been studied little, but experts suggest that he will become an attractive place for travelers.

Variety of territories

Far East - the region consisting mainly from the mountainous area. The southern territorial part consists of medium and low, but in the north - high ridges. The highest point of the Far East - Klyuchevskaya Sopka, this is a volcano high of 4750 m.

The mountains in this region are constantly growing, they are located at the junction of the plates, which in motion, therefore there are many volcanoes. In addition to them there is a unique object, for which it is worth going to Kamchatka, - the Valley of Geysers.

Important!Siho-Alin, located in the Primorye region, is part of the World Heritage. This system is rich not only, but also a variety of flora and fauna. This point of Russia on the map is the birthplace of the Far Eastern Leopard and the Amur Tiger.

Caucasus

The Caucasus deserves a separate description. This array extends from black to Caspian, its length is more than 1200 km. The Caucasian ridge has division to the northern part and the Transcaucasus.

The height of the Caucasian Mountains varies throughout the length of the ridge. It is he who has The highest point of the whole country and Europe- This is Elbrus. The mountain was formed as a result of the eruption of the volcano. It has a height above sea level 5600 m. Elbrus is located in such a place that it can be seen from all sides. Travelers were chosen in early 19th century. At its peak, the temperature does not rise above -14 degrees. The snow falls on the mountain constantly, which makes her snowy cap perfect. This peak feeds the two largest - Kuban and Terek.

At the Big Caucasus there are three highest mountains of Russia:

• Elbrus;
• Dykhtau;
• Kazbek.

Interesting!In addition to the Caucasian Mountains, Kamchatka and Altai are famous for large hills, among them: Klyuchevskaya Natka, Beluha, Ichinsk Sopka.

10 high mountains

A little more about each of the largest hills:

• About Elbrus is already clear, it is an inactive volcano, which is part of the National Park. Height of its 5642 meters.
• Dykhtau takes the second largest place among the mountain peaks of the country. This mountain as part of the Caucasian ridge rises 5200 m. The rise on this top was first implemented only in 1888.
• Third largest mountain countrylocated on the border of Russia and Georgia. This is Pushkin's peak. He rises next to the troubles in the center of the Caucasus Range. His conquest occurred in 1961. It is interesting that it was not professionals, but the football players of the club "Spartak". Peak height is 5100 meters.
• Bully below, namely one hundred meters, Kazbek rises. He also relates to the Great Caucasus, located in the lateral part in the Khokh mountain range. We conquered this vertex in the middle of the 19th century three London climbers.
• Next to the border of Georgia and Kabardino-Balkaria there is a fifth highest point in Russia called Guestla. Her vertices accumulated glaciers, who belong to the era of Paleozoic. The most famous of them are Adishi.
• Sixth in the top ten walks Rush Rustaveli. Although the name on the map of Peak wears the famous personality of Georgian origin, nevertheless belongs to the Russian part of the Caucasus. Peak stands on the border, not surprisingly that about the rights to it declare both countries. Mountain has 4895 meters.
• Just below (4780 meters) Mount Jimar. It is located in Alanya, at the very border of Russia and Georgia. Again, this is part of the Greater Caucasus.
• At the ninth place, Mount Sauchoh is located, again from the Grand Caucasus located in North Ossetia. The height of the vertex is 4636 meters. It refers to uncompressed heights, as well as Kukutli-sausage. This mountain completes the list of ten largest vertices of Russia, its height is 4324 meters.

Interesting! So far, no one has conquered mountain formations that are at 8, 9 and 10 places of the list. It can push travelers for new feats.

The lowest mountains

In addition to the highest mountain peaks, it is interesting to know the ranking and the lowest. Such a concept as the lowest mountain is very difficult. It turns out, it's not so easy to call it. Mountains can be called only what is higher, which means, have a height above sea level more than 500 meters. But mountain ranges can differ in height and have numbers in their composition are much lower.

It is considered to be the lowest elevations of Russia hibina mountain system. This area is located on the Kola Peninsula, it is not difficult to get there as other mountain ranges. The highest point has 1201, it is Mount Yudichvumchorrrrr, the names of the mountains or peaks of a little less - a challenchorrr (1189 m) and Putuetrier (1111 m )

Output

More 800 species of minerals contain hibins, some of them are found only in these places. The most famous of them is apatite. It is used as fertilizer.