How to use sick-sized duck yourself. How to choose a ship (duck) for lying patients

The timely shipment of natural needs is necessary for the normal functioning of the body and well-being of the patient. Cares should closely monitor the frequency and nature of the shipments, but at the same time show a maximum of tact and delicacy towards the patient, especially if he is bedridden. It is unacceptable to reproach, customize the patient and show other forms of impatience. Pressure on the patient only aggravates the psychological discomfort, which he already experiences due to the need to empty lying.

Special difficulties staying patients are tested with defecation. When a person is continuously in a horizontal position, the operation of the gastrointestinal tract slows down, therefore patients suffered to bed constipation. In addition, many of them are trying to consciously reduce the frequency of detergents, because they are awkward.

To establish psychological contact on this issue, it is necessary to ask the patient as often and at what time of day it usually "goes in large". Perhaps immediately after breakfast or late in the evening. This information will help create the most comfortable and habitual conditions for normal defecation.

Currently, there are many devices that facilitate the patient the process of sending natural needs. They can be divided into three large groups depending on the state of the patient for which they are intended.

1. If the patient is limited to the apartment space and can independently (or with the help of supporting agents) to reach the toilet, then special fixtures need to be installed in the toilet itself. This group includes handrails and brackets, support for toilet and toilet nozzles.
2. If the patient can sit and limited to bedside space, you need to purchase a chair toilet for it, a dry lady or a chairs with sanitary equipment.
3. If the patient is limited to a bed and / or unable to control the process of physiological shipments, it is possible to use the ship, duck, diapers, urological gaskets, absorbing diapers, urine and cylinders, as well as the means of hospital hygiene to handle the skin after defecation .

1.If the patient is limited to the apartment space and can reach the toilet independently (toilet devices)

If the patient himself gets to the toilet, then the main complexity with which it faces is to sit down on the toilet and get up from it. Standard toilet is located low enough, so its height must be increased by means of nozzle on the toilet.

Suitable for most toilet bowls, mounted without tools and increases the height of the toilet 10-18 cm. Depending on the model, the nozzle may have a lid, armrests (including folding) and spray protection. There is also nozzle with height adjustment.

In order for the patient to be easier to get up from the toilet, it is necessary to attach special handrails to the wall in the toilet room. If the toilet is in the corner and it is adjacent to two walls, then one vertical and one horizontal handrail should be located on the side wall. If the toilet is adjacent only to one wall, then the handrail:

• attached directly behind the toilet and is a folding bracket or
• it is installed on the floor and has a corner shape (M-shaped handrail).

The distance from the bracket to the toilet must be about 22 cm.

To facilitate the rise, portable structures are also used - toilet supports. These are light metal frames with soft armrests, which are installed on top of the toilet, are adjustable in height, do not slide and leave the traces on the floor due to rubber tips on the legs. The support for the patient serves armrests, from which he repels, rising from the toilet.

2.If the patient can sit and limited bedside space (armchairs-toilets)

If the patient retains at least small motor activity and can independently sit, it is necessary to equip his bedside space in such a way that it can send natural needs for the usual posture and without leaving the room. To do this, put next to the bed chair-toilet.

The toilet armchair is a portable chair with a removable plastic vessel. According to the functional equipment, the toilets are divided into three categories: and disabled. In the last category also highlight wheelchairs with small wheels and wheelchairs with large wheels for independent movement. In each category, a variety of models with a different set of functions are presented, the need for which is determined by the state of the patient.

The chair-toilet on the legs consists of a lightweight aluminum frame in the shape of a chair, a removable plastic vessel with a lid, a small backrest and armrests. All toilet armchairs have telescopic legs with non-slip rubber tips. Equipment of the toilet chair can also include folding armrests and a soft pad on the back. For complete people produce reinforced armchairs toilets with increased lifting capacity and a wide seat.

Wheelchair on wheels has small wheels on all four legs and is easily transported from one place to another. Rear wheels are equipped with a brake, which ensures safety when replanting in the chair.

Sanitary equipment chair is a comfortable toilet chair with a full back, seat, steps, armrests and handles for the accompanying person. It can be transported in a patient for short distances (at home, to clinic, etc.), and the rest of the time to use as a chair-toilet standing by the bed. Some models of sanitary wheelchairs allow you to run to the toilet and use the toilet in the traditional way. At the same time, the toilet must be installed a nozzle with an anti-precipitator.

A wheelchair with sanitary equipment is designed for independent movement of a person with disabilities. The sanitary device in this case allows the wheelchair and as a chair-toilet. Depending on the modeling wheelchair model, there may be folding and removable armrests and steps, the stops for the lower leg, the adjustable head restraint, removable rear wheels.

When selecting a chair-toilet on legs or wheels, the weight of the patient, the height of the seat and the necessary options are taken into account. For example, the folding armrests facilitate the transplantation on the chair, soft linings on armrests and the back will create a patient more comfortable conditions. Before you buy a chair-toilet, you must know its carrying capacity and compare it with a patient weight. When the chair-toilet is already near the bed, you need to adjust it in height: the feet of the patient sitting on the chair should be tightly standing on the floor and bent at an angle of 90º.

The wheelchair and wheelchair with sanitary equipment are selected according to the same parameters as the classic stroller chairs (mainly in the width of the seat).

What you need to remember when using a toilet chair

If the patient is able to independently use a toilet chair, the task of people who caregoes behind him comes down to clean the sanitary device in a timely manner after departure. All the necessary sick items must be in the reach area: toilet paper, air freshener, wet wipes for hand or tank with water and towel. The patient must also have a bell or cell phone so that he can give you to know when you need to wash the sanitary device.

When the patient facilitated and called you, you need to put on gloves, disconnect the sanitary device, pour content into the toilet, then clean the bucket with a brush, antibacterial detergent and water (but not a sponge and not bleach!). In the sanitary device you need to leave a little water or pink fluid for the top tank of the biotage. The liquid neutralizes unpleasant odors, disinfects the bucket and facilitates waste disposal. After you returned a sanitary device in place, remove the gloves and wash your hands well.

If the patient's condition is more severe, caregating should help him transfer from the bed to the toilet's chair, make sure that it sits smoothly and with the correct weight distribution in the chair. At the time of departure, it is important to leave the patient one. Then he can call you a bell. If the patient is not able to serve himself, delicately help him: first wipe the crotch with a soft toilet paper, then using warm water or the means of hospital hygiene, work it.

Biotales

It is another device that greatly facilitates the departure of natural needs, especially elderly people who most of the time are alone. There is no need to empty after each use, it does not empty unpleasant odors, does not occupy a lot of space and does not inferior to ordinary toilets in terms of comfort.

The beyatale consists of two connected tanks, seats and covers. In the upper tank, water is stored for washes, in the lower - waste collected. A special, which decomposes waste and destroys the smell into the bottom tank. As the bottom tank is filling easily disconnected from the top and also easily and hygienically emptied. The seat with a lid is mounted in the upper tank and has a classic form.

The volume of the lower tank varies from 12 to 21 liters. As a rule, this volume is enough for 50 uses (about 7 days). Depending on the model, the beyatalet can have a manual or electric drain and filling indicator that indicates that the bottom tank is completely filled.

The volume of the top tank of the biotage is 10-15 liters. The upper drain tank is filled with water that needs to be diluted with a special liquid for a drain tank facilitating the flushing and extending the service life of the toilet.

The dry lad can be used separately by placing it near the sick bed, or installed under the chair toilet instead of a removable vessel. Moreover, it can be like a chair-toilet on the legs and a wheelchair with a sanitary equipment. The frame of the toilet chairs makes it easier for a sick on the seat, and the relay eliminates the need to manually clean the ship every time. Such a combined option is the most hygienic and convenient for both the patient and caring.

3. If the patient is limited to bed space and / or unable to control the process of physiological shipments (discussion, hygiene products)

In the hardest cases when the patient cannot sit or when the movements cause it a strong pain, various devices are applied to send natural needs in a horizontal position. Traditionally, the vessel and duck and duck are used to collect feces and urine.

It may be enamelled, plastic or inflatable (rubber). In the manufacture of plastic vessels, polypropylene is used, the so-called "warm material", which quickly acquires the body temperature and does not create a patient discomfort. For patients who experience a strong pain when driving, it is better to purchase a ship type "Rye", which has the front part very low and easily inserted under the crushes. The rubber vessel is more suitable for the patients, since his inflatable boards do not squeeze soft fabrics in the sacrum area and do not cause painful sensations. When removing the rubber vessel, you need to be especially careful not to shed its contents on the bed.

Duck, or urinary represents a plastic vessel with nozzles for women and men. In the manufacture of urinary students, "warm materials", which are well disinfection are used. Depending on the model, the duck may have a handle for carrying and graduation to control the amount of urine.

The ship and / or duck should be near the bed of the patient, but not to fall into the field of his view, to once again not remind him of the disease.

An alternative to the vessel and duck are that can also be applied to the controlled segment of needs to underlying patients and in accordance with the incontinence (incontinence, including cartoons). The diapers efficiently and quickly absorb moisture and hold it inside the diaper, so the skin of the patient remains dry, which is very important for the prevention of bedding. The most famous trademarks in this category are ABENA, TENA, SENI.

Pampers vary in the degree of absorption, shape and size. The harder form of incontinence, the more and better should absorb diapers. Usually in the name of diapers capable of absorbing a large amount of liquid, there is a word "plus". At night, it is better to use special night diapers.

Adult diapers may have a half-open and closed form. With regard to laying patients, closed diapers are more suitable, which provide maximum adjustment and guarantee full protection against the flow. The fluid that has absorbed into the inner layer of diaper turns into a gel in which the bacteria cannot multiply, which means that there is no unpleasant odor. Pampers pass the air, allowing the skin to breathe, and fasten on the velcro. Some models have a filling indicator - a special strip that changes the color when the diaper is full.

The size of the diaper is determined by the volume of the waist and girth of the hips. The dimensional ruler may vary depending on the brand. However, in general, the smallest size S corresponds to the girth of the hips in 80 cm, the average M - 110 cm, large L - 150 cm and very large XL - 164 cm.

In order to wear a diaper, you need to turn the patient on the side, put under it in advance the disclosed diapers so that a wider part with the fasteners was located under the buttocks, and narrower - under your feet. Then you need to flip the patient on the back, stretch the narrow part of the diaper between the legs and tightly press it to the crotch. After that, the diaper is fixed with fasteners on the waist (first by the bottom, then the upper). When the diaper goes, you need to make sure that it is tight enough, but does not grow much to the body, and the ruffles in the area of \u200b\u200bthe groin are not inverted. The used diaper is folded and thrown into the trash can, but in no case in the toilet.

Remember - the use of diapers does not remove with cauting duty 1-2 times a day to carry out hygienic procedures!

Since the skin in the field of genitals is subject to frequent contact with annoying factors (urine, feces), it requires special care and the use of specialized hygiene tools for the prevention of irritation, diaperselitudes and laying out. These funds primarily include protective creams that need to be applied to the skin around the genitals each time after the arms. Creams cover the skin with a thin protective film, protecting it from irritation.

With a weak and moderate degree of urinary incontinence, you can use. The inner layer of such gaskets is designed for instantaneous absorption of moisture and the neutralization of the smell. Urological gaskets help remove the internal tension associated with the fear of making sheets and once again show their own helplessness. Such gaskets are produced both for women and for men. With urological gaskets, it is convenient to use special elastic mesh pants, reliably fixing the gasket on the hips.

Since the shipment of natural needs in a horizontal position is always associated with possible linen and mattress pollution, it is better to store the bed with a moistureproof and absorbing, which must be changed daily or more often as needed. Cleanliness and dryness of linen are directly related to the risk of formation of diameters and bedding - one of the most difficult complications of the beddown.

If the patient is forbidden to walk even before the toilet, all physiological departures should be performed in bed. For emptying the intestines, we use losses that can be enameled, faience and rubber. The ship is served in a bed. Before serving, the vessel should be rinsed with hot water, as it must be clean and warm. The ship should be very careful.

Fig. 8. The correct position of the lining circle.

The left hand is fed under the sacrons of the patient and at the same time lift it, and the right gently put the vessel and bring it under the crescents of the cape ahead so that the buttocks are slightly drowned over its hole (Fig. 8). Then the patient is covered with a blanket, and after emptying the intestine, the ship immediately carry. Preferably the patient during the intestinal emptying to exist with shirma. After the defecation, the lining vessel is carefully removed from under the patient not to spill content, covered with a glued or a newspaper and bring it to the toilet room. The patient is waved and the area of \u200b\u200bthe rear pass is wiped dry. The contents of the vessel are poured into the toilet. The vessel is washed well with hot water with hygiene powders and news. After that, the vessel is disinfected with a 2% solution of chlorine or 0.5% clarified solution of chlorine lime. Weak patients with a small subcutaneous fat layer, a tendency to form a breakdown, as well as with incontinence of feces, it is necessary to give inflatable rubber lining vessels, which, due to elasticity, have the least pressure on the cross and, at the same time, protect against contact with the discharges, which is preventing breaking down. The vessel should not be tightly inflated. The lining vessel should not be installed directly on the sheet, and you need to put the oil under it, it is necessary to empty it in time. At the moment there are special machines that wash and dried the vessel. The youngest medical sister constantly monitors the cleanliness and correct storage of the ship. Men for emptying the bladder and patients with incontinence of urine give the urinal, i.e. (ducks), they put them between the patient's feet, and the dick is lowered into the hole. These urinary can be glass and enameled. After each urination, they are emptied, washed well by one of the means of "hygiene", "news". To remove the sediment from the walls, it is necessary to periodically wash it with a weak solution of hydrochloric acid. Before supplying a patient, the urinary researcher should rinse with warm water. Each underlying patient must have an individual urinary, which is in bed, and a lining vessel, which is stored in a special nest under the bed.

Do you know that :: + + + + + Obrosov Pavel Nikolaevich (1880-1937), one of the organizers of health in the USSR. From 1922 he headed the Kremlin's Hrugasupr, Institute. N. V. Sklifosovsky, Department of the 1st Moscow Medical Institute. Repressed; Rehabilitated posthumously.
Overlord (Eng. Overlord - Supreme Lord, Lord), code name of the Norman landing operation.
Exposure, effects of radiation (infrared, ultraviolet, ionizing) for a substance or biological objects with therapeutic purposes (for example, ultraviolet, radiation therapy), random (eg, when accidental) and in persons working with the source of radiation.
Enveloping agents, medicinal substances that form water colloidal solutions that protect the nerve endings of the mucous membranes and skin from the action of irritants and make them absorb them. Apply for diseases of the stomach, intestines, leather.
Osipov Viktor Petrovich (1871-1947), Russian Psychiatrist, Corresponding Member of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR (1939), Academician of AMN (1944), Lieutenant General of the Medical Service (1943). Developed the pathophysiological direction in psychiatry. Works on military psychiatry, etc.
Samples Vasily Parmenovich (1851-1920), Russian therapist, founder of the scientific school. Gave a classic description of the myocardial infarction clinic (1910, together with N. D. Strazhestko). Developed a palpator method of study of the abdominal organs.

When careing for lying patients, one of the most important points is a common care, which includes the submission of the vessel or duck, as well as the hygiene of the genital organs. It would seem that it may be difficult, in how to use a duck for lying patients or how to put a ship. However, this manipulation has its own characteristics when performing, requiring the right approach and skills. From this article, you will learn the nuances of performing this delicate procedure.

What is the difference between a duck from the vessel

The vessel and duck are different types of medical equipment where sleeping patients are emptied by a bladder or without bed. These products have fundamental differences. Duck is a type of urinary. It is a tank of glass or plastic with a long neck volume, as a rule, 1.5 liters. The name "Duck" has been gained by the uniform due to the similarity of the shape of the container with the neck and the body body. The vessel is a tray of an anatomical shape with rounded inwards. The duck serves only to collect urine, and during defecation it is not without a vessel.

Types of medical vessels

Choosing a lying patient with a container for feces, you need to take into account several factors. Inventory should:

• easy to wash;
• to be resistant to chemicals (withstand multiple disinfection);
• correspond to the weight and dimensions of the patient;
• do not injure the patient.

Differences in form

The traditional shape of the lining vessel is "Ladya". It allows the patient to protect natural need with maximum comfort. At the same time, the clothes are not dirty. There are low flat models with an elongated front part, which makes it easier to apply the vessel under the immobilized person. However, this form makes the ship is minor and does not allow to use after.

Round-shaped products are less convenient than the variance, since the likelihood is that the contents of the tray will have. The vessel for women of lying patients does not differ from the products for men. When urination, for the convenience of ladies, you can use a duck or a special funnel, through which the liquid will fall into the tray, not a stew crotch.

Material of manufacture

As raw materials for the manufacture of ducks and vessels use rubber, plastic, metal. For each type of product, there are features when used, as well as positive and negative characteristics.

Important! If in the patient, then you should not leave it on the ship for a long time, as the risk of forming the silence on the sacrum is increasing.

Ship appliances

The procedure or bladder should not cause a negative reaction in the patient. It is necessary to conduct it very tactfully and, if possible, confidentially, giving a person to calmly sing with the need. Below is the algorithm, as the ship is placed under a lying patient.

To perform the manipulation, you will need shirma, rubber gloves, ship, oilcloth, toilet paper, clean dry rag or cotton, soap, hot water container.

Before you correctly put the ship with a patient, care (if possible) of a person from strangers with shirma. Well warm the inventory (especially metallic) in warm water and wipe it dry. All procedures for filing the vessel spend in gloves.

1. Remove the blanket from the patient.
2. If the underlying patient can move independently - ask him to bend the legs and raise the pelvis to put the oilcloth to protect against contamination. If a person is absolutely not able to move, it is necessary to do it yourself.
3. Take the vessel so that the rounded part is directed to the patient. Put one hand under the crescents to help a person lift, and in the other hand, move the container for waste of vital activity under the patient's pelvis.
4. After setting, make sure whether the patient is convenient. It is possible to return to the ship completely immobilized patients before serving the inventory. The tray is installed in such a way that when returning to the back, the patient's buttocks were located in the middle of the special hole.

1. Cover the person with a sheet or blanket and leave for a few minutes.
2. After the end of the act or urination, the patient is boosted. First, the remnants of feet and urine are cleaned with toilet paper, then a wet wool. Processing must be carried out towards the genitals to the anal hole to avoid infection.
3. Wrap dry crotch, ask the patient to raise the pelvis, or help him in this and at the same time pull out the ship.

After the procedure, it is necessary to release the inventory from the secretions and the disinfection of a certain amount of time, depending on the concentration of the active chemical. The medical device is then washed with running water and dried for further use.

Important! In hospital conditions, provide patients with individual health care products. You can put on a vessel special disposable covers that will not only protect against infection, but will give additional comfort (the ship will be warmer).

Application of duck

When applying a duck, it is absolutely not necessary to turn it onto the back. A person can be on its side, because the duck is made in such a way that it is convenient to use with different position of the patient's body. However, this item of medical use performs the function of only the urinary. Ducks are available for both men and women. The difference in structures is due to the characteristics of the structure of the female and male urinary system. Ducks for men are equipped with a ring with a circular cross section, where the penis is placed. In the female version of the duck, the neck of the cross section of the "Yvesheet" is attached to the crotch. There are also universal products on sale. In this case, a special funnel comes complete to the men's duck, which makes it possible to use a duck and women.

The question is how to properly put the duck under a lying patient, does not occur. This product during urination can be kept in hand. The patient can even use the duck alone.

Helpful information. For the convenience of a lying patient and his guardian is optimally having in arsenal and duck, and the ship. Since, if necessary, empty only the bladder will disappear the opportunity to distinguish the patient once again to put the vessel under it.

Features of the placement of the vessel during the breakdowns

In order to know the features of the placement of the vessel or duck for a particular person, it is necessary to understand the physical possibilities of the patient and the nature of the disease, as well as the accompanying symptoms. In addition, for each patient there are nuances of departure depending on the disease, motor activity and weight.

If there are breakdowns on the sacrum, then the question arises - how to use the vessel for laying patients with such a complication. In such a case, it is necessary to use a soft rubber product that will not additionally injure the wound surface.

You can also help the patient to make an act of defecation, putting it on the side. But in this case, it is necessary to protect the breakdown with disposable diapers or the rags from the hose masses so that they do not get into the wound or on the dressing. For urination act, use the duck.

How to properly care for medical products

Any vessel and ducks (except disposable), as well as nozzles to them are subject to mandatory disinfection by soaking in special fluids. This may be a solution of chlorine, anolyte, tool, etc. For duck washed, brushes and washcloths are applied exclusively for these purposes. The vessel and ducks are subject to separate storage, as a rule, in closed cabinets or under the patient's bed.

Often after long use in ducks and vessels, the smell of ammonia begins. To get rid of it, solutions of potassium permanganate, vinegar, which are washed with products are used and poured inside for exposure for 20-30 minutes. After washing and disinfecting the ducks and the vessels need to wipe dry.

As a rule, in the stores Medtechniki, sellers help to choose the necessary equipment, relying on the stories of relatives about the state of the person. In the packaging of the new inventory, an instruction is attached, how to put a duck with a patient or use the vessel. If a relative remains questions on this topic, it can consult from medical professionals who will never refuse assistance. You can also watch a video on our website, where it is described in detail how to use the vessel.

Video

Now I will show how to properly serve the ship to the patient. Place the rolled blanket under the shoulder and the thigh. In height, the blanket should be the same as the vessel. Bend legs in the knees.

If a girl can hold on to hand, let him hold over the side. With the help of the sheets and weight of your body, I help her turn on his side so that it turns out to be a thigh on the folded blanket. Looking a ship.

A space was formed between the bed and the thigh, I don't need to push the ship to it. I apply the ship and turn it on my back. You can lift the headboard bed. If you have another type of vessel, the blanket must be collapsed so that they coincide in height.

In order to pick up the ship, I turn the girl again on the side - the thigh on the edge of the blanket - and easily pick up the ship. I do not need to lift the girl and shift from the vessel's height down on the bed. Thus, less chances to hurt and overturn its contents.

Different events lead to a severe condition of a person on a hospital bed and the most difficult thing in this position is to provide cleanliness and comfort when sending natural needs.

Care for seriously ill is carried out in accordance with the localization of the problem, trying not to exacerbate painful sensations - it concerns the choice of positions for sleep, recreation, food and toilet.

Types of medical ships

In most cases, for lying patients who are incapable of independent movement and not using crutches or walkers for disabled, there is a special system for sending natural needs, for which a medical vessel is used.

The special design of the ship's bowl allows the patient in an acceptable form to be freed from urine and hiding masses, not polluting bed linen and clothing.

Medical vessels are manufactured in a large assortment of structures from various materials:

• enamel metal;
• faience;
• rubber;
• plastic.

In the form, the all vessel is more or less similar - smoothed rounded shapes, a small height, an oval hole in the center closed with a lid and a side nozzle for draining content. The selection of the vessel type should be made depending on the age and weight of the patient. The processing and disinfection of all species is the same. The ship should be stored on a patient's stool.

Ship appliances

Before starting the sanitary activities, the patient's bed is soldered by the screen, the seat under the vessel is lined with a glossy glue, the vessel is rinsed with warm water. Gently delve the hand under the crushes of the patient, slowly lifting the pelvis, while the patient's legs are directed up and bent in the knees. Lined the vessel with a narrow part under the crushes to the alignment of the opening of the crotch vessel.

At the end of the emptying, the ship is removed from under the patient with the same way, closed with a lid expounded on the stool. The crotch is purified by a wet napkin and treated with a children's cream or a petroleum.

The vessel is released by draining the content in the toilet, after which it is rinsed with water for final cleaning, disinfected by chlorine, is removed into place under the bed.