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Sights of Nesviza: description and reviews. City Nesvizh and the most beautiful castle of Belarus Square Nesvizh

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In 1547, the son of Yana Radziwill - Nikolai Radziwill Black - made the title of "Prince of the Sacred Roman Empire" title for a kind, and the city made his residence, whose importance in 1586 after giving it the legal status of indivisible hereditary ownership (ordination) transmitted by The right of inheritance is only the eldest son in the family. Nesvizheskaya ordination remained in the hands of Radziwilov until

The drill flourishing of the city began in the XVI century. And is mainly due to the name of the first ordinate of Nikolai Christopher Radziwill Syarota - the son of Nicholas Radziwill Black. Having inherited from the parent Wooden Nesvizh, he spends a huge work on his reform - the construction is replaced by stone buildings, the chaotic of a medieval city is reformed into a regular quarterly system, which has been preserved to the present.

It does not remain aside from the reforms and the life of citizens. Returning from the journey through the Mediterranean and the countries of the Middle East, the orphan is impregnated with the spirit of change and reorganization of the generic nest. Improving his ideas in life, at the first stage he frees a boss from many feudal duties, weakens the tax burden and turns the city in a typical European, attracting merchants and artisans into it. The city is developing rapidly - the school opens in it, the bath, a hairdresser and hospital are being built. Wept weaving and tailoring, plumbing and speeding shops. A little later, already in the XVIII century, manufactured manufacturing and artistic casting workshop. In 1583, the construction of the Nesvizhsky Castle begins.

Monumental stone buildings of the end of the XVI-XVII century. presented by the castle, brams, chosets, Bernardine monasteries (1598), Bernardine (1591), Dominicans (1672); Jesuit Church of God Body (1593). At this time, Austeria opened in the city.

Nesvizhsky Castle in 2011

At the beginning of the XVIII century, the city becomes a victim of the Northern War - in 1706 he was completely looted by Swedish troops.

In the XVIII century The city had a court chapel, the largest ballet theater in Europe (opened in 1740), the Cadet Corps and the School of Fleet officers in Alba (Nesvizh suburb) for Radziwill's troops. In 1764 and 1768 Nesvizh is once again occupied by Russian troops as a result of the confrontation of Catherine II and Pan Kohank. After the second section of the Commonwealth in 1793, the city is part of the Russian Empire.

As of January 1, 1896, the population is 10 237 inhabitants, of which 5692 - Jews, 2890 - Orthodox, 1545 - Catholics, 32 Protestant. The city acted a synagogue and seven Jewish prayer houses, two Catholic arrival, the Orthodox Church.

Since 1921, Nesviz is part of the Polish state, in 1939 - to the USSR (Belarus), in 1941-1944 is under the occupation of fascist Germany, since 1991 - in Independent Belarus.

sights

Benedictine Monastery Tower

Catholic church in the name of God's body - First on the territory of the Commonwealth and the second in the world (after Ile-Jesu's temple in Rome), the monument erected in the Baroque style. The construction of the temple continued 6 years (1587-1593), the sanctification took place on October 7, 1601. The church is the tomb of the Nesvizhskaya branch of the Radzyvilles. An old operating body has been preserved in the church.
Dominican monastery It was built in 1672 on the site of the current cinema and had a library and school on its territory and closed in 1835. The last two years of its existence in it was trained by the famous poet Vladislav Suroyomly, who defended a lot of attention to causing in his works. Closed in 1873, the monastery was transformed into a teacher seminary, which began its work in 1875. Among the seminary students there were many people who made a significant contribution to the cultural history of Belarus. The most important representative of students is the Belarusian Writer Yakub Kolas, who will not remember the "City of Youth" in his works more than once.
Women's monastery Benedictina It was built on 1596 for the means of the sirot and his wife Elfiemy Eventimia and served in direct appointment until 1887. The territory of the monastery reached our days in the form of monastic buildings, tower-brass and modern buildings of the Pedagogical College, the main students of which, like the four centuries ago, are predominantly a weak floor representative. The entrance to the territory of the monastery is guarded by a three-tier tower, which is crowned with a dome with a spire. The tower building was built here in the second half of the XVIII century. The niece of Christine's species, becoming abbatisoy and taking the name of his late wife, served here for almost half a century, having received deserved respect and love from the sides of the ultrasound. Rests and remnants of earthen shafts surrounded by the monastery and played an important role in the urban defense system.

Slutskaya Brama

Slutskaya Brama - The only arrogant gates that meet the city and locals entering the Old Town from the East. Earlier on the right and left directly to them came the earth shafts surrounded by the city.
Nesvizhsky Town Hall - The oldest of the preserved Town in Belarus. Recently, the Town Hall Building was renovated. It was erected in 1596, rebuilt in 1752. The monument has features of the late Baroque and Renaissance.

Cultural heritage Nesviza

The basis of the city - Nesvizhsky Castle is included in the UNESCO World Heritage Site.
In 1562, an Nesvizhskaya typography was opened in the city, in which the first books on the Belarusian language are published (in 1562-1571. Prints of the well-known Belarusian enlighteners Simon Budnoy and Vasily Tyapinsky).
The Belarusian Writer Yakub Kolas, passing training in the Nesvizhskaya teacher's seminary, wrote a lot of poems and humorous stories here, with whom later performed on local literary evenings.
Nesvizh is the degree of theatrical art of Belarus. "Comedihauses" is the first stationary amateur theater, which became professional and giving ideas outside the city.
Evno Jacobson - Watchmaker, living in the city in the second half of the 18th century, invented a countable machine that has become a prototype of the arithmometer.
One of the most educated people of their time Simon weekday published in 1562 in Nesvizhi printing houses his "Catechism" and "justification of a sinful man before God"

Notes

Nesvizh and Radziwilli.

In 1446, Grand Duke Casimir conveyed the settlement of M. Nemirovich. Since 1492, the town belonged to the richest Belarusian magnate Peter's intestine, and already in 1523 Nesvizh, as a dowry for the bride, fell into the hands of the genus Radzivil. The latter was so loved by this picturesque thoroughties of the Belarusian land, which turned it into a real pearl. Nikolai Radzivill Black became the first ruler of Nesvizh. The next bright representative of the dynasty is N. Kh. Radziville "Sirtry". He turned Nesvizh to the center of Catholicism, on his initiative the city was entitled to self-government and coat of arms. In 1583, the construction of the Nesvizhsky Castle began, and in 1591 - the Nesvizh monastery Benedictine.

Nesvizh history of the city.

In September 1655, during the war of the Russian Empire with the speech, Nesvizh was engaged in the Ukrainian Cossacks and Russian troops, but the castle stood, withstanding the siege. The next military invasion of the castle could stand during the Northern War, and already in the 1720s. The city and the castle were rebuilt by N. Kh. Radziville "Fishe". Other "gifts" by the beloved city from Prince Nesvizh Cadet Corps (1747), a new typography (1750), rebuilt anew Jesuit church, manufactory for the production of cloth and carpets.

The story of Nesvizh.

Nezvizh's heyday ended, as often happens in history, unexpectedly and sad - due to the anti-Russian position of the master of the castle - H. S. Radziwill "Pan Kahanka" in the middle of the XVIII century. The city and the castle were occupied by Russian troops; Historical and artistic values \u200b\u200bwere arrested and exported. In 1793, the city is officially part of the Russian Empire. In 1921, he, as if returning to the origins, becomes part of the Polish state, but already in 1939 it can be found on the maps of the Belarusian Soviet Socialist Republic. From July 1941 to mid-1944 in the city hosted fascists.

Nesvizh attractions.

The first thing to see in Nesvizh is a castle. He is protected by UNESCO. Nesvizh in the deep plan of architects and designers arranged so that it should be considered. But it's not near, but published, panoramic. Wandering along his streets, the shores of the lakes, the Alley of Palace Parks, unexpectedly open fantastic panoramic views, wide as the People's Soul, deep, but at the same time before the limit is simple.

Nesvizh Palace Radzivilov.

The path to the main attraction of Nesvizhya begins from the castle tower and passes through the Bernardian bridge. In the XIX century Lost defensive functions, the bridge was replaced by a bulk dam on which Alley landed. On the left hand remains Bernardinsky pond, according to the right - the castle. The castle was laid by N. K. Radziwill in 1583 south-west of the city on the site of a wooden castle, having stood here for 50 years. Initially, the palace had a form of a rectangle. It was surrounded by high earthen shafts with bastions in the corners.

Nesvizh castle.

In the XVII century In the corners (on bastions) 4 defensive towers were erected. Inside the castle led the lifting bridge and the gate, followed by a three-storey, now 4-storey, palace. Close to the palace were built two simpler buildings, together forming the courtyard. There was a barracks in the left, on the right - Hozkorpus. Subsequently, all three buildings were rebuilt in one style, so the impression of a single complex is created. In 1706, the castle was destroyed by the Swedes, restored after 1726. In the first world, Austrians hosted here, in the second - Germans.

Nesvizh Castle.

In Soviet times, a sanatorium was arranged in the palace, which was closed only in 2001. After that, a global reconstruction began in the castle. It is impossible to say from where the best view of the palace opens or where the most interesting place is. Go around it around, better with the right of the entrance to the parties, at the same time, look at the opening types of the city through the surface of the castle lake. Course will have to get around the castle in any case, those who want to get acquainted with the palace parks on both sides of the lakes.

Nesvizh Park ensemble.

The castle park is broken around the palace. It is not difficult to guess that the rich residents of the residence, who were repeatedly visited in Europe, who saw the masterpieces of park arts, were placed on themselves not like, and superior to beauty and scope. It all started in 1878, when Maria de Castelian, the spouse of Anthony Radziwill laid the first stone in the future park. Following the castle, an old park was converted, behind him - Japanese. On the other side of the Big Pond, called the wild lake, are arranged English and Marysin Parks.

Town Hall and trading rows.

The main construction, which gave the name of the square, is the Town Hall. It is built in the XVI-XVIII centuries. In the Middle Ages, the building of such a height indicated that the settlement was awarded Magdeburg law. Then the building was performed not only by religious functions - there was a magistrate, the court was kept treated and the archive. Today, inside - a small museum for 5 rooms: Old furniture, portraits of nobles, fireplaces, decorations, etc. Over time, the building of the Town Hall, the center of power and life, and turned out to be an extension, mostly trading rows.

Catholic church of the Most Holy Body.

Catholic church, otherwise called God's body in the name - the first Baroque style pattern in the region. Stone walls were raised on the site of a wooden building of 1510 between 1584 and 1593. Radziwill and shine here with their abilities. In order not to carry the brick from afar, they just built a brick factory near the construction site. The temple is the tomb of one of the branches of the Radzyville Radziwill and the only non-east European. Crypt with sarcophagi causes great interest to visitors. Having passed for a small door in the left side of the church, immediately rush to the skull against the background of crossed braids and shovels.

Nesvizh Castle Tower.

Next to the church is the red brick cloth tower (the second floor. XVI century). The tower continues to perform bells functions. The massiveness of the structure and dimensions of the windows indicate that artillery fire could lead from it. A two-story white building opposite the church, plebania (1773) - paraffia (arrival) of Catholic priests. Secular language - the courtyard and residential buildings where the monks lived.

Monastery Benedictine.

The complex of the former Women's Monastery (1593-1596) was built on the means of Radziwill "Syarotka". For more than three centuries, the monastery performed conceived at the base of the function. Today it remained in the past, although the pedagogical school placed here is also intended to serve people. The three-tier tower of the monastery produced the most impression, crowned with a pipe with a spire, is the main goal of the complex.

Slutskaya Brama.

These are the only incidental gates in the city from 1690. Are on the "Patch" before a bulk dam through the ponds. Once they stood not so lonely, being passing through earth trees, now broken. Externally resemble a small church. From Brass opens a good view of the Palace Radziwilles.

District Center with the brightest history. City, centuries copied in itself cultural and spiritual values. So, we will get to know closer. Nesvizh!

For the first time about Nesvizh, history speaks in the 15th century. Then he was only the center of a small parish. In 1492, it becomes the property of a rich Lithuanian gods, which in the 1513th heeded with even more notable Lithuanians - RadziwilliIn whose hands the status and welfare of Nesvizh is growing rapidly.

In 1547, thanks to Nicholas Radziwille Black, Radziwill is assigned the title "Prince of the Sacred Roman Empire". Nesvizh, by this moment the residence of the family family, in 1586 the city receives the status of the ordination. This means that Nesvizh turns entirely from one owner to another inheritance, from his father to the eldest son.

The reforms of Nicholas Radziwill Syrotka. On the European way of development

It was he, as the eldest son and the heir to Nikolai Radziwill Black, adopt management. From his filing, Nesvizh in the 16th century literally blooms:

wooden city in the root is transformed, stonewares grow instead of old buildings
streets acquire a quarterly layout, such a system has been preserved and now
residents of the city become more free of feudal and taxes
trade and handicraft development; Social Sphere - School, Bath, Hospital and Hairdresser
workshops, later, in the 18th century - Manufactory and artistic casting workshop

Nesvizha first publishes Belarusian books. This becomes possible with the appearance in the city of typography. Here printed S.monu week and Vasily Tyapinsky.

16-17 century in Nesvizh addressed to knowledge and discoveries. Here are learn ancient languages, theology and natural sciences. The first stationary theater is launched in Belarus. In 1563, the first newspaper is incoming "Navnaya Grozny, and lubricovaya ...". In the 18th century, Nesvizh was proud of the largest ballet theater in Europe.

Yakub Kolas studied in the Nesvizh school seminary. Here he wrote a lot of poems and humorous stories.

Live story - Castle in Nesvizh

As the Museum-Reserve of our Days, is counted among UNESCO World Heritage. Nesvizhsky Castle, "Heart" of the city, was erected in 1583 by order of Nicholas Radziwill. After a hundred years, during the Russian-Polish war, two enemy assaults resist. For the troops, Charles 12 becomes a target as the property of the magnates that support the second.

During the war with Napoleon, the owner of the castle, Dominic Radziwill, stands on the side of the French army and forever leaves the city. All generic values \u200b\u200bwere removed from the residence. In 1813, all possessions of the eminent kind were confiscated. In the 60s, the castle returns to Radzyville and he grows - a complex of castle, old, new, English parks and a Japanese garden is built. As a result, by 1939, the territory was increased to 90 hectares.

History of the city of Nesvizh

In 1706, the Northern War gets to Nesvia, the Swedish troops fully plunder him. The plant passes, and the city is occupied by Russian troops. After the second section of the RP, as well as a significant part of the territories of the current Belarus, departs to the Russian Empire. In the 20s of the 20th century, Poland returns to Poland. 1939 - Part of the newly created BSSR. 1941 - 1944 occupied by the German army.

What to see in the city of Nesvizh

In Nesvizh there is something to see: Once he was a residence of Radziwill. In it, many monuments of architecture and history. On the central square is located in the present building of the pedagogical college once was benedictine Monastery, and where the cinema is now, once located dominican - The one who was reformed into the seminary and who visited Yakub Kolas.

Other sights of Nesviza

Nesvizh has earlier sights. A vivid example is a baroque gate of the late XVII century. The famous style is also the famous - the first temple of the Jesuits on the territory of the Commonwealth, in which Nesvizh was once.

Undoubtedly, the most beautiful destination of the city is. Now he is a museum located on the territory of the reserve and is not only the property of Belarus, but also around the world: the castle of the city Nesviz is included in the UNESCO World Heritage List. Separate mention deserves castle Parkwhich is divided into several sectors on the stylistic principle and keeps a number of beautiful sculptures and monuments.

Nesvizh (lit. Nesvyžius; Belor. Nyasovіzh) - a city in the Minsk region of Belarus on the ears river. The city there is a famous Nesvizhsky Castle, entered into the UNESCO World Heritage List, Farium Catholic Church, the Town Hall of the XVI century, as well as a number of other architectural monuments.

History

The first mention of the city was previously associated with the name of Yuri Nesvizhsky (in some sources of Nesvitsky), who with his buddy participated in the battle on the river Kalka (now Calchik) on May 31, 1223 ("Tale of Bygone Years"). As a result of the battle, he died, and the consonance of the prince with the title of the city was the cause of its identification as a specific prince of Nesvizh. However, this version was refuted by scientists in the late 80s of the XX century.

There are also a few more folk versions of the origin of the name of the city; One of them is the existence on the site of the city of a huge mountain, which was called the "invisible" for the fact that because of her "to disobey nothing." During a large spill of the river, the mountain was blurred for seven hills, but the name was still preserved and over time turned into a modern "Nesvizh". Another story is connected with Hunting: Once Radded came here to hunt, the hunt was successful, but there was not enough places with me the most important trophy - a bear. As a result, it was decided to come after him later, sent servants, but while they were looking for a bear, he managed to spoil, became "not fresh", as a result of which the hunting place began to call "stupid". Given the geographical location of Nesvizh on the wolt with Neman in the Pripyat (r. Ears - Plug on the river. Lan), it can be assumed that the name of the town gave the word from the ego of the river, who used this waterway. For example, "Zinasva", "Zninel", etc., denoted by the collection, demolition of goods in one place in warehouses in front of the wolf; Perhaps some warehouses and wintering looses and their transfer to themselves ("Nyasva", "Wheel"), demolished back to the ears river. (Pavlovsky A. T. 27.2013)

Archaeological excavations conducted in these places indicate the history of the city, which began not earlier than the XV century. The version of the specific principality also did not find its confirmation - there was no evidence of the existence of the defensive structures here. The yard standing here was just the center of a small parish. Thus, the city was grinding almost two centuries - the first written mention of it is now referred to 1446. Nesvizh appears in the chronicles in connection with the transfer of the town from the Grand Duke of Lithuanian Kazimira of the Yagllowfather to Mikolai Jan Nemirovich.

In 1492, the Grand Duke Alexander handed the city by the richest Lithuanian magnate Peter Kishka. Thus, Nesvizh moved to the well-known genus of the nodes, one of whose representatives, Anna, in 1513 he married Yana Radziwill on nicknamed bearded, who received the city to possession as a dowry of the bride ("on Kuddj"). In 1533, Nesvizh finally moves to Radziwill.

In 1547, the son of Yana Radziwill - Nikolai Radziwill Black - made the title of "Prince of the Sacred Roman Empire" title for a kind, and the city made his residence, whose importance in 1586 after giving it the legal status of indivisible hereditary ownership (ordination) transmitted by The right of inheritance is only the eldest son in the family. Nesvizh ordinations remained in the hands of Radzivilov until 1939

In the XVI-XVII centuries. ARIAN SCHOOL, where ancient languages, theology and natural science are being studied. In 1562, Nesvizhskaya typography opens in the city, in which the first books in Belarusian language are published (in 1562-1571. Prints of the well-known Belarusian enlighteners Simon Budnoy and Vasily Tyapinsky). Nesvizh is also a source of theatrical art of Belarus - the first stationary Theater "Comedihauses" is open here. At first, being amateur, the theater is gradually moving into a professional channel, turning into court, gives ideas and outside the city.

City Hall (Nesvizh)

The core of the city is now, as in last centuries, the market square (now central), in the center of which is the town hall with a high six-Russian tower, symbolizing, by general opinion, Magdeburg law, given by the city in 1586. The town hall was previously located the Cabinet of Burgomistra, the magistrate, the office, the courtroom, the treasury and archive, the main city streets converged to it. Starting from the XVII century, the Town Hall gradually "facing" trading series, subsequently formed a closed P-shaped outline. The architectural ensemble of the square has undergone significant changes in the middle of the XX century during its restructuring under modern needs.

In a short historical term (1584-1616) with the participation of Belarusian and Italian masters, taking into account the latest achievements of fortification art, the city and the castle were built, and the settlement itself, located, located, was built from him, was oboiasano moat and the shaft. At the entrances to the city were built a stone gate with the most powerful tower - Brass Castle, Slutskaya, Kletsky, and others. An important element of the fortifications were raised by the dams of the river ears.

Nesvizhsky Castle in 2011

At the beginning of the XVIII century, the city becomes a victim of the Northern War - in 1706 he was completely looted by Swedish troops.

Since 1921, Nesviz is part of the Polish state, in 1939 - to the USSR (Belarus), in 1941-1944 is under the occupation of fascist Germany, since 1991 - in Independent Belarus.

Streets Nesvizh

Street on May 1
Youth Street
Leninskaya Street
Engels street
Soviet street
Snovskaya Street
Street Karl Liebknecht
Slutskaya Street
Kutuzov Street
garden Street
Derzhinsky street
Street Shimko
Street Dostoevsky
Street Yakuba Colosa
Pushkin street
Street Lugovaya
Ozernaya street

sights

Front church

Benedictine Monastery Tower

Nesvizh Castle
The church in the name of God's body is the first on the territory of the Commonwealth and the second in the world (after Ile-Jesu's temple in Rome) the monument erected in the Baroque style. The construction of the temple continued 6 years (1587-1593), the sanctification took place on October 7, 1601. The church is the tomb of the Nesvizhskaya branch of the Radzyvilles. An old operating body has been preserved in the church.
Dominican monastery was built in 1672 at the place of the current cinema and had a library and school on his territory, closed in 1835. The last two years of its existence in it was trained by the famous poet Vladislav Suroyomly, who defended a lot of attention to causing in his works. Closed in 1873, the monastery was transformed into a teacher seminary, which began its work in 1875. Among the seminary students there were many people who made a significant contribution to the cultural history of Belarus. The most important representative of students is the Belarusian Writer Yakub Kolas, who will not remember the "City of Youth" in his works more than once.
The Benedictine's female monastery was built on 1596 on the means of the sirot and his wife Elfimia Evgemy and served in direct appointment until 1887. The territory of the monastery reached our days in the form of monastic buildings, tower-brass and modern buildings of the Pedagogical College, the main students of which, like the four centuries ago, are predominantly a weak floor representative. The entrance to the territory of the monastery is guarded by a three-tier tower, which is crowned with a dome with a spire. The tower building was built here in the second half of the XVIII century. The niece of Christine's species, becoming abbatisoy and taking the name of his late wife, served here for almost half a century, having received deserved respect and love from the sides of the ultrasound. Rests and remnants of earthen shafts surrounded by the monastery and played an important role in the urban defense system.

Slutskaya Brama

Slutskaya Brama is the only gates that meet guests and locals entering the Old Town from the East. Earlier on the right and left directly to them came the earth shafts surrounded by the city.
Nesvizhsky Town Hall is the oldest of the preserved Town in Belarus. Recently, the Town Hall Building was renovated. It was erected in 1596, rebuilt in 1752. The monument has features of the late Baroque and Renaissance.

Cultural heritage Nesviza

The basis of the city - Nesvizhsky Castle is included in the UNESCO World Heritage Site.
In 1562, an Nesvizhskaya typography was opened in the city, in which the first books on the Belarusian language are published (in 1562-1571. Prints of the well-known Belarusian enlighteners Simon Budnoy and Vasily Tyapinsky). In 1563, the first newspaper of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania was published here - Norma Troinnya.
The Belarusian Writer Yakub Kolas, passing training in the Nesvizhskaya teacher's seminary, wrote a lot of poems and humorous stories here, with whom later performed on local literary evenings.
Nesvizh is the degree of theatrical art of Belarus. "Comedihauses" is the first stationary amateur theater, which became professional and giving ideas outside the city.
Evno Jacobson - Watchmaker, living in the city in the second half of the 18th century, invented a countable machine that has become a prototype of the arithmometer.
One of the most educated people of their time Simon weekday published in 1562 in Nesvizhi printing houses his "Catechism" and "justification of a sinful man before God"

Famous natives

BZHOSTOVSKIY, Mikhail Ieronim (1762-1806) - State Decision Worker Complete
Bohdal, Iolanta (born 1942) - Polish actress
Vitushko, Mikhail Afanasyevich (1907-2006) - Belarusian Military Affairs
Radziwill, Dominic Nikolai (1643-1697) - Chancellor Great Lithuanian
Radziwill, Jerome Vincent (1759-1786) - State Avestor of the Grand Principality of Lithuania
Radziwill, Karol Stanislav Pan Kohanku (1734-1790) - the politician of the Grand District of Lithuania
Radziwill, Mikhail Casimir (1625-1680) - Hetman Poly Lithuanian
Radziwill, Nikolay Ryzhy (1512-1584) - Chancellor Great Lithuanian
Radziwill, Nikolai Black (1515-1565) - State Avestor of the Grand Principality of Lithuania
Yaroshevich, Peter (1909-1992) - Prime Minister of Poland

Nesvizh in wikisklad? Nesvizh in Vikigide?

Today, Belarusian Nesvizh, thanks to the numerous amazing facts of its historical past, became the center of attention for guests and residents of Belarus.

If you are going to walk around the city, make a map of Nesvizh with them, it will be more convenient to navigate with it. You can enlarge and save the card to your phone or computer.

About how the city arose from where his name has come from there is a large number of interesting versions, and all of them, quite, may be true.

First version Such is. A very long time ago, all the lands on the banks of the ears river were dense, hardwood. Litvin Prince arrived in these edges with his numerous friend to hunt in an unfamiliar forest. A huge variety of wild animals were killed by them, and all the prey was immersed in the boat. But a huge carcass of the bear, who managed to shoot the prince himself, could not take with them, because all the boats were already filled.

We decided the warriors back for the beast tomorrow. But the servants, whom the prince the next day sent for the dead animals, got lost and could find a bear just a few days later. But the meat was already not unsaveable, and the envoys returned with anything. Soon where they found a stupid bear, people settled, and the place was called Nesvizh.

On another versionAt this place huge, incredible sizes, mountain rose. People called her "invisible", from the words "not to know nothing", because nothing could be seen from what was behind her. During heavy rain and flooding, Mount Mount to seven hills. In a strong current brought whole houses with their inhabitants. So people settled here, and their own, then small, town, they began to call Nesvizhev - from the name of the mountain.

Third version It suggests that this city arose on the spot where the Lan rivers and the east are very close from each other. Subsequently, he became the center of the principality. On all sides, the fortress city was very well protected from unandoned guests. The outer protection served the swamps surrounding the settlement of people.

Many soldiers lived in the city, who were called Vizha. Vijo watched Viusi, who "bore numbers" from the tower walls in order in the city and beyond. Here from these "stump Vizhi" and the name of the new town has gone.

But the first mention of the city in the "Tale of Bygone Years" was associated with Prince Yuri Nesvizhsky (Nesvitsky). He was killed in the battle by the river Kalka in May 1223. Now the river is called the Calchik. The consonation of his names and the names of the city and became the cause of such guesses. But later, scientists categorically rejected this, which seemed quite believable, version.

Cradle of the Great Radzivilov

Now, according to the official version, Nesvizh first appears in the chronicles of 1446. The Grand Duke Alexander in 1492 passed the city to possession of Peter's intestine, rich in Lithuanian magnate. A young representative of this noble genus Anna Kishka became the wife of Yana Radziwill, who received the right to manage the city as a dowry of his wife. It happened in 1513.

Nikolai Radziwill Black, their son achieved that in 1547 the honorary title "Prince of the Sacred Roman Empire" was assigned. In 1586, the city became the ordination, the indivisible hereditary possession of the Radziwilles, transmitted by the inheritance of an exclusively eldest son.

Nicholas Christopher Traveled by Nikolai Christopher Traveled a lot of Nikolai Christopher. Returning from the next trip, he holds reforms in his city and frees the boss from some feudal duties, reduces taxes and attracts artisans and rich merchants from nearby and distant countries.

The city begins to expand: they are built in it, the hairdresser is being built, the hospital starts working, a school for children opens, where they are studying theology, ancient languages \u200b\u200band natural sciences. For the development of trade, speed-up, weaving, tailoring and plumbing workshops are opened, workshop of artistic casting and manufactory manufacturing.

Walking on the modern caustion, I noticed an unusual graffiti on the wall of one of the houses.

It was a map of an ancient city. Below is the date of 1604. The author of the engravings are Tomas Makovsky, who led the Nesvizhi printing house in the 17th century. And now this landmark of Nesviza: a map, written on the wall of the house, can be found at: st. Soviet, house 2.

So, apparently, the city looked 400 years ago. The picture can be enlarged to better see the ancient sights of Nesvizh.

In 1562, a typography was opened in the city, which the first in Belarus began to print books written in Belarusian. It is here that the first Belarusian theater begins to act, which gives the presentation in his city and beyond.

Nesvizhsky Town Hall

Perhaps the main attraction of the city of Nesvizh is the Town Hall, which is located on the Market Square. She is surrounded by trading rows.

The Town Hall is ancient, well-preserved, the construction of urban self-government in Belarus. The town hall was built on the project of the Italian Yana Maria Bernardoni. It is generating a high six-Russian tower and symbolizes the Magdeburg law, which the city received in 1586.

On this document, the city received tax benefits, complete self-government, judicial immunity, and artisans and merchants gave very favorable conditions for their affairs.

Nesvian appeared her coat of arms. It is divided into two parts. On the left depicted "Outside" black eagle, and on the right - 10 narrow bandages of blue, red and yellow colors. In Heraldry of Belarus, such honorary figures are called "soda".

According to the second grafting, which in the same 1586 June June 18ded by the city Nikolai Christopher Radziwill Syarot, the leaders of the city, prescribed a stone town hall. And 10 years later, such a town hall with an observational platform and a large clock on the facade was built.

In 1836, on the 1st floor of the building there were shopping shops, guard, warehouse of weapons in case of any danger, urban weight and premises, which kept fire tools. The second floor was occupied by the institution of the magistrate. Among them was the courtroom, archive, meeting room, treasury and others.

During the years of the Northern War with the Swedes, during the fire, the city was completely looted, and the central building of the Town Hall suffered a lot. After recovery, the tower has become less than 2 tiers. From 1997 to 2004, a restoration was held, and the town hall again began to look like in the 16th century.

On the 2nd floor of this old building, the Museum "City Self-Government of Nesvizh 18-19th centuries" is open. Work time from 9.00 to 18.00, day off is Tuesday.

Clock on the town hall valid. So unusual and somehow solemnly they beat off every quarter of an hour.

And on the square around the town hall and shopping ranms, a "construction" goes in full swing. On this sunny April day, numerous ruchies that have chosen this town a place of habitat are stiguously looking for building material.

Any branches lying on Earth, they are carrying out for the construction of their nests, thereby making the city Nesviz is even cleaner. 🙂

City-Fortress - Glory and Protore of the People

By order of Nikolai Radziwill in 1856, the construction of defensive objects began. In the 16th century, the city surrounded the high pentagonal earthen shaft with seven bastions. It was possible to enter the city through 5 brothers - the gate: the castle, Slutsk, Milsk, Cool and Vilensk.

All urban buildings fencing the ditch filled with water. Through the ditch to the gate led wooden lifting bridges. In the original form to this day only the Tower of Castle Brass and Slutskaya Brama are preserved. Initially, Slutskaya Brama was a small tower with a low four-tight roof.

On its first floor there was a room for warriors of the Guardian and an official, whose duties came to the fee from anyone who passed or drove into the city. On the second floor of Brahma, the Catholic Chapel of the Mother of God was equipped.

The name "Slutskaya" comes from the eastern direction in which the road was from her. It is on the other side of Slutsk.

Tower of Castle Brama is the most ancient stone urban building, which is now the bell tower of the Catholic Church of God's Body.

Multicon confessional Nesvizh

On the territory of Nesvizh, several stone monasteries were built with their necessary extensions. These were powerful defensive structures, which, in case of danger, closed a direct approach to the castle.

Farm Church in Nesvizh

The Church of God's Body was built from 1587 to 1593. This is the first building in the Commonwealth, which was built in the Baroque style.

At the main facade in deep niches, the statues of saints were established in the deep niches, and the inscription in Latin states: "Worshi at your holy house in your fear."

The name "Farry" is translated as the main city parish church. The first service passed in it on September 14, 1593.

The inner decoration of the church is striking with its exquisite painting and luxurious beauty of the frescoes.

Directly above the entrance is a choir with an old authority. In the main altar of the temple there is a picture "Last Supper" K.D. Gesk, written by him in 1752. Many bas-reliefs and busts of 17-19 centuries, marble altars are decorated with a wonderful interior of the church.

In the basement of this temple, there is a family tomb of Radziwillov - Crypt with 70 burials of representatives of this famous kind. The beginning of the burial dates back to 1616, when the first of the kind was buried: Nikolai Christopher Radzivill (sirotka).

The generic tomb of Radziwillov, in which the harnessed bodies of a noble kind rest, is considered the only necropolia in Eastern Europe, where the history of one family name is kept. And if you compare with all of Europe, it is assigned a 3rd place much after similar graves of the Habsburgs and Bourbon.

Find out even more details about the story of the famous kind of Radziwilles and the legends of the Nesvizhsky Castle.

In the basement can only be found with the excursion. But such an opportunity is if you arrive before lunch. When I passed around 4 hours of the day past the Far Church, I could not even be able to get inside. I had to photograph through the metal grille.

Friendly church is a valid temple. Near the entrance hangs the schedule of worships. Now work is actively working on the external reconstruction of the building. So the church is surrounded by construction forests.

But part of the castle brother, near the wooden crucifixion and monument.

Monastery Benedictine in Nesvizh

The first Belarusian female Catholic Monastery - Benedictine was built in the ensemble next to the church of Saint Eviefmy. The niece of Nicholas Lyarka half a century served here by Abbatisoy.

The date of construction of the brick monastic complex is considered to be 1593-1596. The main temple was consecrated in 1597.

In 1866, the church was rebuilt into the church, and the monastery was completely closed. But from 1920 to 1945, he was again valid. Now in this building is the Nesvizh State College named after Yakub Kolas.

Some sad impression this place produced me. Training corps, hostels, playgrounds in the yard, cheerful and noisy youth. Somehow it does not combine with church buildings.

Earlier in the city there was a complex of the Dominicans Monastery, which was founded in 1672. Later, in 1680, these monks built another temple for their money in honor of St. John the Baptist.

The monastery was closed in 1877 and created a teacher seminary there, which such famous personalities were completed at one time as Yakub Kolhas, Ales Bogdanovich and others. The building was destroyed during the war.

The monastery and the church of St. Catherine in 1598 built on the project the same architect Jan Maria Bernardoni. In the 17th century, there were two chapels near the church: St. Francis and St. Anna. The church was located tombstones of famous patrons. The main altar was kept miraculous crucifix. With the church there were three fraternities.

At the monastery there was an extensive library, an archive and a cloth manufactory. In the fifties of the 20th century, the ancient temple was destroyed, and only one monastery building was preserved before us.

In 1740, Nesvizh was opened in Europe the most ballet in Europe, and in the suburb of Nesvizh: there was a Cadet Corps and a school in Alba, in which the fleet of Radzivil officers were preparing for the troops.

There is a legend that Great Rembrandt came to Nesvizh at the invitation for advice on the art gallery and writing several portraits of the Radziwill family members. There was no evidence of this, but also denying all the contacts cannot be denyed, because the possibilities, like the treasures of the great kind, did not have borders.

Monuments of modern Nesvizh

In modern nevel, many kindergartens and schools, cinemas, cafes and restaurants. Monuments of the heroes of past years are adjacent to the memorial boards with modern celebrities. The house of the 18th century looks good next to the modern high-rise building,

orthodox churches peacefully coexist with Catholic churches.

Near the Slutsk Brother on the green lawn there is a park with wooden sculptures.

It is interesting to wander between them, considering each composition.

Interesting style. A little later, I met in Belarus another similar park, which was near the legendary in.

Near the Friend Church of God's Body in 1982, a monument to Simonu Budyovoy (or Belarusian Symon) is a Belarusian spiritual writer and an outstanding figure of the 16th century.

In a small park alley near the fountain proudly on a marble pedestal, lion will face.

With one paw, he relies on the coat of arms of Nesvizh. At the bottom, there are records about the most important stages in the historical development of the city of Nesvizh.

And, of course, the main monument and the attraction of Nesvizh - the famous, which is majestically banging on the opposite coast of the castle pond.

Come get acquainted with this wonderful city and its hospitable residents. You will not regret it!

Where is the city of Nesvizh and how to get

The city of Nesviz is located in the Minsk region of Belarus. Coordinates Nesvizh cities (Central Square with Town Hall): 53.21935, 26.6812.

You can get here with an excursion that is organized by a huge variety of almost from any city of the republic. The excursion program can also be ordered online (links to different options are slightly lower).

I came here myself from Minsk on a rented car. Distance amounted to 127 km, in time 1 hour 50 minutes.

It is easy to get from Minsk to Nesvizh: from Minsk, we leave on the M1 route leading to Brest. After about 70 km there will be a pointer to the left, turn to Nesvizh.

My walk took place on April 11, 2016 and took about 30 minutes. And sorry ... I really liked the town. He is so clean and comfortable that I want to be here yet.

But on this day I certainly needed to get to. And this is about 300 kilometers, and the day was already nearing in the evening.

Surprisingly saturated, it turned out today: about 1.5 hours I walked in delightful, then I went, where I saw his exhibition exposure and restored the strength in the castle cafe. Well, at the end of the day - a walk and sightseeing of Nesvizh.

As a result, I spent 6.5 hours here! So a whole working day left. 🙂

In Belarus, in any city there is a huge number of a wide variety of accommodation options. You can easily rent an apartment or room on the service, or through the hotel.

The map below shows other attractions of Belarus, where I managed to visit. More about each of them can be viewed.

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sights

Cultural heritage Nesviza

Links

Notes

see also

Watch what is "Nesvizh" in other dictionaries:

Nesvizh and Radziwilli.

Nesvizh history of the city.

The story of Nesvizh.

Nesvizh attractions.

Nesvizh Palace Radzivilov.

Nesvizh castle.

Nesvizh Castle.

Nesvizh Park ensemble.

Town Hall and trading rows.

Catholic church of the Most Holy Body.

Nesvizh Castle Tower.

Monastery Benedictine.

Slutskaya Brama.

The reforms of Nicholas Radziwill Syrotka. On the European way of development

Live story - Castle in Nesvizh

History of the city of Nesvizh

What to see in the city of Nesvizh

Other sights of Nesviza

History

Streets Nesvizh

sights

Cultural heritage Nesviza

Famous natives

Cradle of the Great Radzivilov

Nesvizhsky Town Hall

City-Fortress - Glory and Protore of the People

Multicon confessional Nesvizh

Farm Church in Nesvizh

Monastery Benedictine in Nesvizh

Monuments of modern Nesvizh

Where is the city of Nesvizh and how to get

Publications on the topic