Ponds with salted water on Earth: in comparison with them, water in the Dead Sea will seem water supply (9 photos). Orenburg region, Salted lakes: Treatment and reviews Salted water Lake 4 letters Scanword

Salted lakes on our planet are not uncommon, although it seems to many that freshwater is much more. These reservoirs may look like small seas or as very modest ponds, but the size is not the main thing. Each consists of a unique ecosystem, and in each - its own mystery. They can be admired, you can get the necessary substances, they will help improve health and tell about the past of the Earth. So, we present the top 9 amazing salted lakes.

How do they come from? As a rule, the salt concentration in nursing reservoirs is growing gradually, as water evaporates. In this case, the source of salts can be breeds, and groundwater, but the main factor is a decrease in volume. This process may occupy the millennium, but the intervention of a person accelerates it at times. An example is the Aral Sea. If the water is actively used by people for various needs, and its influx decreases, then the usual lake can dry and become salty in several decades. Water in it is no longer suitable for drinking or irrigating fields. The salinization of the lakes is one of the urgent problems associated with the global deficit of water resources.

Underwater salted lakes at the bottom of the ocean (there are also such!) There were otherwise. Millions of years ago, the sea was sworn, and in their place formed a very thick layer of salts. And then the water was returned, and at the greatest depth appeared "brine", which because of the high density was not mixed with the waters of the returned ocean.

Also salty lakes are formed in volcanic crater.

The salinity of the lakes is measured in ppm: This value reflects how many grams of salts are contained in one liter of water. For example, for the Red Sea, this indicator is approximately 40, for the Finnish bay - 2, and for the Dead Sea - about 300.

What is the whole salt? People used mineral lakes since ancient times. First, the habit of salting food forced all new sources of the main seasoning. Secondly, swimming in salt water turned out to be healthy, and the deposits of healing clay on the shores of the lakes is an excellent cosmetics. In addition, from salt water you can produce various substances necessary for medicine and industry. Of great interest from the point of view of biotechnology are unique bacteria-extremals that live quietly even in very salted water. They can be used to extract metal from ore, or to clean wastewater.

1. Urmia (Iran).Once this lake was the largest in the Middle East. However, lately it is becoming less and less - to observe this allow pictures made from space. The unreasonable consumption of water from rivers to irrigation led to the fact that in 40 years, the reservoir decreased by 70%. Water in it usually has a pinkish shade - due to the unlocked algae Dunaliella. After the winter and spring rains, urming again becomes blue. In this case, the salinity of water drops from 260 to 150-80 ppm. In the lake more than a hundred islands, some of which are covered with pistachio forests. Pelicans and flamingos nest here. If the Iranian government does not implement the Urmian Salvation Program, the lake will dry out completely and 10 billion tons of salt will remain in its place, scientists will warn.

2. Dead Sea (Israel, Palestine, Jordan). One of the most famous salted lakes in the world. Its length is 50 km, the maximum width is 18 km. The main feature of this reservoir is that it is located at the lowest sushi point on the planet - 400 more than a meter below the sea level. The main source of water in the lake is the Jordan River.

This is one of the first wellness resorts in the history of mankind. Also from ancient times, potassium carbonate (Potash) was mined here for soil fertilizer. The Dead Sea was called asphalt, and this is not by chance: the natural asphalt is formed at the depth, which the ancient Egyptians used for the mummification of the bodies of the deceased.

Ecologically concerned that the water level in the Dead Sea falls on average per meter per year. This is due to the active use of groundwater, mineral mining by evaporation and climatic changes.

3. Lonar (India). Located in the crater, which appeared in the basalt cliff after the meteorite fall is the only such crater on the ground. The name "Lonar" is translated simply - "Salted Lake".

Lake and salty, and alkaline. The salinity of water in it is 10.7 g / l. The diameter of the lake - 1, km, and the depth - more than 130 m. The water is muddy green and has a rotten smell, so it is not too nice on the shore.

Since 1842, commercial salt was carried out on the lake. There were five or six species of salt from a lanard, different in composition and color. Now it consumes only local residents. In Lonar lake, a rare mineral game was found - these transparent crystals resemble crystals.

4. Baskunchak (Russia). Located in the Astrakhan region. Lake Square - about 106 square meters. km, salinity - about 300 g / l.

Basically, the lake is powered by underground sources. Salt mining is carried out here from the VIII century. Especially for her export, the Baskunchak railway from the lake to the Vladimirovskaya Pier on the Volga was built. Nowadays, the lake receive from 1.5 to 5 million tons of NaCl annually.

Over the surface of the lake, you can see mysterious pillars covered with salt crusts. They remained from the walkways for which even before the revolution of 1917, workers were going, gathering salt. Having very popular tourists enjoys the Baskunchak sanatorium, which is on the shore. Salt solution and mud baths help to cure many diseases.

5. Large Salted Lake (USA). Located in Utah and is the largest salted lake of the Western Hemisphere. The saltness of water in the lake also changes depending on the water level, ranging from 137 to 300 ppm.

A large salty lake is also known by the fact that it regularly causes heavy snowfall. There are no miracles here. Just in winter, water in the lake is significantly warmer than air above it, which leads to the formation of clouds and precipitation. On the shores of a large salt lake you can see oolite sand. It consists of round or spherical mineral formations, resembling a very small pearl.

The lake is divided into two parts of the dam on which trains go. Southern and north parts have different salinity and, as a result, a different color due to the distribution of different types of algae. In 1970, on the shore of the lake, the "Spiral Dama" was installed, created by the American artist Robert Smithson. The object is visible only when the water level in the lake is lowered to 1280 m above sea level.

Many legends are folded about the lake. For example, they say that in 1875 they released two whales in the reservoir - to attract more tourists. Since then, no one has ever seen whales. Another story is connected with local Nesssey - a monster of the northern coast, which one day allegedly attacked the workers.

6. Don-Zhuan (Antarctica).This small reservoir is owned by its name, a not famous her hero-lover, but two pilots of helicopters. They were called Don RO and John Hicks, and in 1961 they flew over the lake and noticed that the water did not froze in it, despite the 30-degree frost. Subsequently, it turned out: the salinity of the lake is so high that it is not covered with ice and with minus 53 degrees! Salt content in Don Juan - more than 400 grams per liter. The source of water in the lake is melting glaciers. The surface area of \u200b\u200bthe reservoir is only 0.3 km. No sign of life in the lake was found. Experts note that the conditions in the area resemble Martian.

7. Assatal (Djibouti, East Africa).One of the most saline lakes of the planet (up to 400 grams per liter) is located in the crater of the extinct volcano. This is the lowest point of Africa. The length of the reservoir is 19 km, width - 6.5 km. During the day, water in the lake is quietly changing its shade, right up to fluorescent colors. Salt is mined on an industrial scale, at the same time, nomads across the old manner evaporated it on the shores of the lake and send to Ethiopia on camels.

8. Sokompa (Argentina, Chile).The lake is located on the border of two states, in the Argentine Andes, at an altitude of 3,600 meters above sea level. There was a time when this reservoir was considered exclusively as a source of lithium, without which it is impossible, for example, the production of batteries. This metal was obtained by evaporation of the salt solution in the sun. However, now Salompa and other salted lakes are converted into specially protected natural objects. The reason is that scientists have discovered in water stromatolites - "puff" structures formed by minerals and cyanobacteria. These are the most ancient ecosystems on Earth. The age of some finds - several billion years, and they can help scientists learn more about the birth of life on our planet.

9. Underwater salted lakes (Mexican Bay). The straw water, the higher its density - therefore, numerous lakes at the bottom of the bay have quite clear boundaries. Water in salt pools is 4-5 times the saltoea of \u200b\u200bthe ocean. If a submarine is lowered to such a water, it begins to slide along its surface. Underwater lakes have a length from 1 m to 20 km. As a rule, there are high concentration of methane, and only extremophils can be inhabited in them - living beings adapted to harsh conditions. For example, bacteria and mussels, tubular worms and shrimp. Scientists believe that such creatures could calmly survive on other planets.

It has been scientifically proven that rest in the local climatic zone is much more useful than leaving to distant countries. This is especially true for people with health problems, elderly, families with young children, pregnant women. One of the well-known and well-proven places of recreation are the salted lakes of the Orenburg region. Reviews about the resort Positive: Tourists celebrate the therapeutic effect of reservoirs located here. We are talking about them today.

Therapeutic lakes of the Orenburg region

Traveling through the expanses of our immense homeland, knowing it and getting aesthetic pleasure from contact with nature, can be on the shore of the salt lake. In Russia, their large number, and all of them have unique medical properties. They are also called mineral lakes for the large content of trace elements and antiseptic properties, and the dirt of such a reservoir possess a natural wellness effect. To get beneficial from ultraviolet rays, reflected from and become the owner of a natural beautiful sunburn, you must visit it! The main "folk care", which is proud of Orenburg - Solen Lake. Reviews of numerous tourists prove that here you can not only relax, but also to become.

From the depths of centuries

The water-cutting has come to us from ancient times. Already, the healing dirt and mineral water were used to get rid of diseases and healing of wounds. Treated skin, gynecological and many other ailments. Such a formidable disease, as psoriasis, can be cured due to bathing in a similar reservoir. Banal, but boning furunculas, acne and other skin defects disappear almost disappear after the adoption of such salted baths. Tourists appreciate the opportunity to correct health and get a real "kiss of the Sun". It is not for nothing that the main attraction, which is proud of Orenburg, is salted lakes. The treatment is combined with a pleasant pastime, which makes water bodies are especially tempting.

Where do salty lakes come from?

According to scientists, such reservoirs appear in dry places, in the crater there is no stock. The water that rivers bring there is only flowing in them, but does not follow. When the liquid evaporates from the reservoir, the salt remains at its bottom. So formed salted lakes.

You can find such a lake in any corner of the country. Rich with therapeutic reservoirs and salty lakes have miraculous power, and everyone knows the benefit from bathing in them.

The unique geological object is the lake collapse in Sol-Iletsky district, located on the place of production, it is the deepest among its fellows and is quite large, because its area takes 10 hectares. It is interesting for its origin. The lake appeared in 1906, when the spring flood was flooded with a quarry of salt mining. In the central part of the Iletsky salt dome, it turned out to be a reservoir of 240 meters wide, a length of 300 meters and a depth of 20.5 meters. This is an analogue of the Dead Sea, as it is 305 g / l. That is why some of the main attractions that the Orenburg region are proud - salty lakes.

Iletsk Salt Dome was formed in the second half of the 18th century. This is the result of the extraction of rock salt and karst processes in its thicker. Then the quarry joined the river with sand. At the same time, a salty lake was formed called the collapse. Water in it has a high saline concentration - 260 g / l. Therefore, the rap does not freeze even at -20 in water and -40 degrees in the air. This lake is unique also by the fact that at his day - the eternal Merzlot. High water density allows a person lying on the surface without moving.

Just 70 km from the Iletsky Deposit of Stone Salt is the city of Orenburg. The lake salt collapse is regional and enters the main list of protected objects.

Benefit for health

Ancient doctors of Hippocrat and Avicenna said the benefits of swimming in salt water bodies. Despite the fact that the latter was a leaving from Central Asia, in which there are no such lakes in the territory, the doctor appreciated the properties of salted water. A large number of tourists who want to diverge, meets the city of Orenburg. Lake Solenic collapse is distinguished by his therapeutic effect, which it has on all organs and systems of the human body. Due to the large content of bromine salts, chlorine and other trace elements, it helps in the treatment of rheumatism, osteochondrosis, bronchial asthma and many other diseases.

It must be remembered that swimming in salty lakes should be moderate. And you need to alternate it with sunbathing. It is recommended to carry out regular bathing for 7-10 days.

Lake Tuzloboy

Therapeutics are ancient origin. Another nomadic tribes did privals on their shores, using mineral waters and healing mud for the improvement of the entire body. Such reservoirs include salt lake Tuzilly, recognized as the oldest of the preserved ponds of the Sol-Iletsky Salt Dome. Its area is 24 thousand square meters. m, the depth reaches 4 meters. They are proud of the Orenburg region. Salted lakes of this edge are widely investigated in the laboratories of the test center. There they revealed that, according to their physical and chemical indicators, sludge deposits relate to highly mineralized therapeutic mud. They have high thermal properties. In addition, very plastic. Contains a large amount of water-soluble salts, as well as iron, brown and boric acid.

Therapeutic dirt of the Lake Tuzzy - black or dark gray. She removes spasms, as it has a relaxing effect. It has a regenerating, anti-inflammatory, antiseptic effect and enhances the viability of cells of the whole organism. The positive properties of the dirt are due to the fact that it contains a large amount of biologically active substances that are able to influence energy processes and suppress the development of pathogenic organisms.

Water Tornino

Rich on therapeutic reservoirs Salted lakes of which are represented by another healing object. This is a reservoir of the Dinno, which due to the content of bromine is called bromine. It was formed in 1896, and is located just 50 meters from the collapse lake.

Lake Dinino stretched along from west to east by 88 thousand square meters. m, its depth is 4 meters. A distinctive feature of a reservoir - a reddish color. A handsome shade gives him an artemia crust. Its in the reservoir is a large number, and in the summer it actively multiplies.

The healing dirt of the lake Dinnino green or brown shade is at the bottom. Its temperature in the summer rises to +50 degrees, which improves its healing properties. During the summer period, the crushes multiply 3-4 times, organic substances are synthesized in them, which in their diere forming therapeutic dirt. If you jump out the water from the lake, you can see small living beings of reddish. These are the very wraps, thanks to which the dirt from the bottom of the lake becomes therapeutic. "Color" and other reservoirs attract thousands of tourists to the Orenburg region. Salted lakes will not only help improve the health of holidaymakers, but also contribute to mental relaxation.

Infrastructure resort

The city is built in such a way that everything you need for a tourist is in close proximity. The station is located five minutes walk from lively quarters, you can immediately solve the issue with accommodation. Our services are offered the owners of private houses and apartments. For those who come to the resort town on personal transport, the question will arise about how to drive to the salt lake. The continuous stream of cars will indicate the exact path to the right place. In all travel agencies, the country can be easily purchased to the domestic analogue of the Dead Sea.

Tourists on the note

Like any resort town, Sol-Iletsk offers the resting rich cultural program. At every corner of the tourists, they are taking a skewer, cafes of Russian and oriental cuisine, in which, in addition to wide selection of dishes, offer household wines. In the evening, numerous bars offer to everyone to relax and spend time with the goodness for the soul. For lovers of quiet pastime - numerous parks, squares, the local history museum is open.

Now you know that the main pearl, which is proud of the Orenburg region - Salted lake. The cities will be happy to take all those who wish, having relived them from unnecessary trouble with the search for housing and the organization. Experienced Doctors will select an individual recovery course, will provide all the necessary medical and advisory assistance.

On native land

It is believed that the recreation industry in Russia is practically not developed, and to spend their holidays with comfort, you need to go to other countries. We are able to independently improve the situation: coming to domestic resorts, we invest our money in the development of local tourism. Rest in Russia, and the high level of service will not wait long for a long time!

The Dead Sea is famous for the unusually high salt content, although in fact this reservoir takes only the fourth place among the most saline seas and the lakes of the world.

The sea and oceans are traditionally taken to be the most salted reservoirs. And this is mainly true. Water takes more than two thirds of the surface of our planet, and 96% of it is in the oceans. Oceanic waters contain thousands of billion tons of dissolved salts.

The salinity of water at different points of the oceans varies. Around the poles the constant presence of snow and ice reduces the salt level, while more water is evaporated to the equator from the surface of the seas, which means a higher solo content in water.

But there are reservoirs on our planet, where the salt is much larger than in the seas and oceans.

Dead Sea

The most famous for such a reservoir is the Dead Sea, located on the border of Jordan and Israel. Water here is 10 times more saline than the average marine. However, the Dead Sea is far from the very saline. It takes only fifth place among the most saline water bodies on Earth.

In addition, the Dead Sea - and not the sea at all. Despite the fact that the term "the sea" is used quite freely, it, in fact, denotes a large mass of salty water, which is partially surrounded by land. The Dead Sea is completely surrounded by land and has no way out to the ocean or the open sea. In fact, it is a lake, but great and salty, which causes confusion.

The shore stones of the lake sparkle a crystallized salt salt in those places where the sun makes the water quickly evaporate. In addition, the Dead Sea is the deepest hyper-salt reservoir in the world. Its depth reaches 330 meters.

In recent years, this reservoir has been rapidly decreased in size, up to the fact that rumors appeared about its full disappearance. However, today Israeli geologists argue that it stabilizes at the current level in the near future.

Lake Don Juan

Despite the status of celebrities, the Dead Sea is not able to take away the laurels of the very saline reservoir in the tiny lake called Don Juan. This crumble does not exceed 300 meters in length and 100 meters wide, and its depth is 10 centimeters. However, the percentage of salt content in the lake is 44%, which is 10% more than in the Dead Sea, and 40% more than in the ocean.

Lake is located in Antarctica, in the dry valley of Macmurdo, the famous fact that it is the most dry place on the planet - there are no precipitation there, and strong winds do not allow glaciers to form on the inside of the mountains surrounding the valley.

Source of salt

Scientists are unknown exact cause of such a high salt content in the water of the lake. Perhaps this is due to the fact that it is completely cut off from other water bodies and is not diluted with fresh water coming from precipitation and thanks to the melting of glaciers. The whole salt contained in the waters of Don Juan can no longer leave them. She can only freeze or evaporate.

With such a high percentage of salinity, the lake almost never freeze - for this we need a temperature below -53 degrees Celsius. Everything that remains is evaporation. Water evaporates, which leads to an even greater percentage of salinity.

While other salted water bodies of Antarctica receive fresh water from snow and ice, Don Juan always remains undivided. Scientists still try to find a source of salt in the waters of the lake.

Salt on land

It is noteworthy that reservoirs are far from the most salty places on the planet. Record accumulations of this mineral are on land.

Solonchak Uyuni is the largest in the world, its area exceeds ten thousand square kilometers. It is located in Bolivia and is actually the bottom of the dried prehistoric salted lake.

The pool of this lake is extremely flat, geologists noticed the difference in the height of just one meter. Today, this huge flat valley is covered with sparkling hydrochloric crystals.

In the rainy season, tourists flock to the urinas to see the world's largest mirror surface, and the flamingos arrive here to lay eggs, wateed on large salt marshes.

For several centuries, salt is mined at the unts, but it is still so much that is enough for a long time.

Underground sources

Despite the fact that the largest salt deposit is located in Bolivia, the largest exporters of this mineral are Australia and China. There are the most productive saline mines.

However, the largest salt mining mine is located in Canada. Its depth reaches 550 meters, and the area is seven square kilometers. Each year from the mine produces seven million tons of salt. This place is located near the Great Lakes, and geologists suggest that salt deposits are very rich there and lie on a relatively big depth, covering a huge area. This wealth remained from the prehistoric sea, which dried about 420 million years ago.

The fact that scientists are difficult to call the only salty place on Earth, tells us that much of the history and the depths of our amazing planet are not studied and kept in secret. It is quite possible, there is one more reservoir in the wilds of the Siberian forests, which will be the stralee of Lake Don Juan.