Granada city spain attractions. Sights of Granada - what to see and visit? Granada Cathedral - the celebration of Christian victory

Granada (Spain) - the most detailed information about the city with photos. The main attractions of Granada with descriptions, guides and maps.

City of Granada (Spain)

The region offers a wide variety of climates and landscapes, from the alpine vegetation of the Sierra Nevada to the tropical coast. Perhaps such natural contrasts will no longer be found throughout the entire Iberian Peninsula. Granada's climate is transitional between Mediterranean and cold semi-arid. Summers are dry and hot, winters are cool. The average annual temperature is 14 degrees. The highest amounts of precipitation are recorded in November, March and April.

Granada with the Sierra Nevada peaks in the background

Practical information

1. Population - 232.8 thousand people.
2. Area - 88 square kilometers.
3. Language - Spanish. Although the local population can speak an Andalusian dialect, which is difficult to understand even for the Spaniards. This dialect has much more Arabic influence. In this case, speakers often interrupt the end of a word and immediately move on to the next one.
4. Currency - euro.
5. Visa - Schengen.
6. Time - Central European UTC +1, summer +2.
7. The Tourist Information Center is located at Plaza del Carmen, 9 (city hall).
8. Buses operate from 7.00 to 24.00
9. Tips are usually included in the bill.
10. Most stores (except large chain stores) are open from 10.00 to 13.30 (14.00) and 16.30 (17.00) to 20.30 (21.00). Shops are closed on Sundays and holidays.
11. In restaurants and cafes, dinner is usually served after 20.00.

Best time to visit

Granada can be visited all year round. But still, the most comfortable time is spring and autumn. In summer, despite the heat of the day, the nights are often quite cool.

Story

Granada is one of the oldest cities in Spain. Already in the 5th century BC there was a Phoenician settlement here. After the arrival of the Romans in the Pyrenees, the city of Iliberra was founded here, which was captured, after the fall of the Roman Empire, first by the Vandals, later by Byzantium, and then by the Visigoths.

In 711, Granada was captured by the Moors. During this period, the city was called in the Arabic manner - Ilbira. In 756, the Arabs founded a new city, and the old one began to be called Kalat Garnata. This name was later transformed into the modern one - Granada. After the fall of Cordoba, the city became one of the most prosperous in Andalusia.

In 1492, Granada became part of the Kingdom of Castile. Interestingly, before this the city remained the last stronghold of Muslims in the Pyrenees. In 1531 the university was founded. After the Christian conquest of Granada, the old mosques were rebuilt into churches. The architectural appearance of the city was also changed and part of its historical heritage from the Moorish period was destroyed. Then the city did not experience significant changes until the mid-19th century. This was due to natural disasters and economic decline. The further development of Granada was facilitated by the Industrial Revolution and industrialization, which stopped after the Spanish Civil War and Franco's rise to power.

How to get there

Granada has a small airport located 12 km west of the city. Many more destinations are served by Malaga Airport. Regular buses operate from Seville, Malaga, Madrid and Cordoba. Trains also depart twice daily to Madrid, Barcelona and Valencia. Malaga will be a convenient transfer point if there are no direct routes to Granada.

Shopping and purchases

The main shopping area is Puerta Real and the surrounding streets. In the Alcaiceria area, south of the cathedral, you can buy souvenirs. There are many souvenir shops along Cuesta de Gomerez on the way to the Alhambra.

Food and drink

Granada's gastronomy is a mixture of traditional Andalusian, Spanish and Arabic cuisine. Eastern influence is felt in the use of spices. Main regional dishes: beans with ham, tortilla sacromonte, Andalusian gazpacho with garlic and fried sardines (mainly on the coast).

Many establishments in Granada serve tapas free of charge with a drink. You can eat here quite inexpensively. Almost every square or old street has nice open-air restaurants and cafes with delicious cuisine. Many inexpensive establishments can be found in the San Miguel Bajo area.

If you want to try local wine, ask for “un costa”. Another option is "tinto de verano" or summer wine. Granada brews an excellent beer - Cerveza Alhambra, which is found everywhere. You should definitely try tea in the teahouses in the Moorish quarter of Albaicin.

Attractions

In Granada you can find attractions that amaze with their scope, history and architecture. And the main one among them is the Alhambra.

The Alhambra is the jewel and most famous landmark of Granada, a UNESCO World Heritage Site. This majestic medieval complex stands on a hilltop against the backdrop of the snow-capped Sierra Nevada peaks. The Alhambra is the last Moorish fortress in Europe, which reflects the grandeur of the Moorish civilization in Andalusia and offers the visitor a view of the magnificent decorative architecture, lush gardens, beautiful fountains and breathtaking panoramas of the city.

The Alhambra was the palace, fortress and main residence of the Nasrid dynasty, who ruled Granada for more than two centuries. The construction of this huge complex dates back to the 13th-14th century.

The Alhambra is a vast architectural complex that can be roughly divided into four groups of buildings. To fully appreciate the unique architecture and scale, it is advisable to first view the complex from afar.

The Alcazaba is the original 13th-century Moorish fortress and the oldest structure in the Alhambra. All that remains of the fortress are towers, parts of walls, ramparts and fragments of outbuildings. From here you have an excellent view of almost the entire city and the Sierra Nevada mountains.

The Nasrid Palaces are the most magnificent buildings of the complex, made in typical Arab architecture. Here you can see impressive arches and windows, carved wooden ceilings, intricate plaster work and colorful ceramic tiles at almost every turn. The rich interior of the halls and cozy courtyards amaze you.

Palace of Charles V - a sixteenth-century building commissioned after the Reconquista by Charles V as a royal residence. The square, two-level structure is in the Renaissance style with a large circular courtyard surrounded by an internal colonnade. The building houses two museums: the Alhambra Museum and the Art Museum.

Generalife is the former country residence of the emirs of Granada. This is the finest complex of Moorish-style gardens in Andalusia, located on a hill at the rear of the complex overlooking the Nasrid Palace. The Generalife is filled with shady patios, fountains, flower scents and picturesque terraces.

Albaycín is one of the most charming attractions in Granada, a historic Arab quarter that is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Among the narrow and winding streets of Albaycín you will find beautiful whitewashed old buildings, superb Arabic shops and restaurants, picturesque gardens and magnificent views of Granada and the Alhambra. The construction of the quarter dates back to the 14th century. At that time it was surrounded by fortress walls. It's easy to get lost in Albaicin. You will find that the layout of the streets, the many staircases and alleys is literally confusing. But this has a special charm!

From Puerta Nueva to Puerta Monaita, a section of the old fortress walls has been preserved. Puerta de Elvira was once the main entrance to the city. Their construction dates back to the 9th century.

The Church of San José is one of the oldest churches in Granada. Built on the site of an ancient Morabite mosque.

In the heart of Albaicin is San Nicolas Square. This is the most popular tourist spot and offers beautiful views of the Alhambra. On the square there is a 16th century church of the same name. Not far from the Church of San Nicolas is the Church of San Salvador, which was built on the site of an earlier mosque and is notable for its Mudejar style.

Plaza Larga is a small, charming square in Albaycín, one of the favorite places of Granada residents, which is located away from the tourist trail. There are many restaurants and shops with traditional goods, and on Saturdays there is a market.

Carrera del Darro is one of the oldest and most charming streets in the city, located at the foot of the hill. A narrow winding street runs from Plaza Nueva along the winding bed of the Darro River. This is one of the most scenic walks in Granada. Along the way you will find beautifully preserved buildings, the remains of Arab houses, stone bridges and many good restaurants.

The gypsy quarter of Sacramonte, located on the hillside, competes with Albaicin in terms of atmosphere. It's worth a walk along its slopes to discover ancient gypsy houses, which are decorated with colorful handmade ceramics. The surrounding area contains numerous cave dwellings.

We recommend going up to the Chapel of San Miguel, which offers beautiful views of the city and the Alhambra. This church was built in the 17th century in Baroque style. Another notable religious monument is the 17th century Benedictine abbey on Valparaiso Hill.

The Cathedral or Santa Maria de la Encarnacion is considered the most beautiful Renaissance church in Spain. The cathedral was built by Queen Isabella as a monument to the Christian victory over the Moors on the site of a former mosque. The church began to be built in the 16th century in the Gothic style. On the 16th-century west façade above the main entrance there is a remarkable large relief. The northwestern side of the cathedral is also richly decorated with decorative sculptures. On the facade of the main entrance there are statues of Catholic monarchs and bronze statues of the apostles.

The decoration of the church is a magnificent example of the Renaissance and Renaissance. The interior features massive columns and double passages. The nave and transept are surrounded by various chapels, which are decorated with many sculptures and paintings. Each of them has its own artistic style. The choir boasts two impressive baroque organs.

The Royal Chapel is an impressive 47-meter domed structure that is located next to the cathedral. This addition to it was built in the first half of the 16th century in the late Gothic style. Here are the royal tombs. The interior is decorated with beautiful 16th-century stained glass windows and seven large paintings by Alonso Cano. On the right is the tomb of Ferdinand and Isabella in Carrara marble, created by the sculptor Domenico Fancelli of Florence. The chapel also houses the sarcophagi of other kings and princes. The highlight of the chapel is the sacristy with a Botticelli masterpiece.

The Monastery of La Cortuja is a magnificent example of Baroque architecture. Construction began in the 16th century and continued for three centuries. The single-nave church is decorated with numerous works of art.

The Arabic Spice Market is a traditional oriental market in the old city. Until 1853, there was a Moorish bazaar on this site, which was destroyed by fire. The entire Alcayceria district is a labyrinth of narrow streets that was once occupied by a silk and spice market. Today's market is reminiscent of the original Arab souk and is a favorite place to buy souvenirs in Granada.

Granada is one of the most beautiful and ancient cities in Spain. Its history goes back more than 2 thousand years. The architecture is interesting and unusual. Only in this city there is an amazing harmonious combination of landscapes of extraordinary beauty, ancient buildings and modern white neighborhoods.

The city of Granada is located in the south of Spain, on the southwestern slopes of the foothills of the Sierra Nevada. It is the capital of the province of Granada within the autonomous community of Andalusia. In Granada you will find historical monuments of architecture from the Moorish, Gothic and Renaissance periods. Islam and Christianity get along well here in everyday life and culture. Granada is the birthplace of passionate flamenco and the best guitars.

Climate of Granada

Granada is located at an altitude of more than 700 m above sea level, in the foothills. The climate here is continental Mediterranean. The average temperature in winter is 6–8°C, in summer – 25°C (sometimes up to 35°C). Granada has many sunny days and little rainfall. But keep in mind that the weather is changeable throughout the day: mornings and evenings are cool, but during the day it can be very hot.

Sights of Granada

Alhambra

The Myrtle Court and the Comares Tower Palace in the Alhambra Palace, photo edu

Granada has preserved many historical monuments. The legendary Alhambra is a beautiful Arab palace surrounded by picturesque gardens. Many call it the eighth wonder of the world.

Generalife Gardens

Generalife is the country residence of the Nasrids, the emirs of Granada from the 12th to 14th centuries. The palace complex consists of gardens, palaces and courtyards. It is located on the slopes of the Cerro del Sol hill next to the Alhambra. All structures, despite their solidity, are simple and unpretentious. This emphasizes the atmosphere of peace and tranquility that the emirs strove for. The garden has the status of the oldest of the Muslim gardens and is a masterpiece of horticultural art, recreating images of paradise from the Koran.

Granada Cathedral

Granada Cathedral is a symbol of the victory of Christianity in Spain, photo Patxi Cañada

Granada Cathedral (Catedral de Granada) was built in the 16th-17th centuries. as the personification of the liberation of the city from the Moors. It stands on the site of a former mosque. The temple took a long time to build, so in its architecture you can see three main styles - Gothic, Baroque and Rococo. The façade of the Cathedral overlooks a small square. Inside you will find paintings by Spanish artists; bright retablos decorating the chapels; high columns, a silver altar.

Royal Chapel

The Royal Chapel (Capilla Real) is the burial place of the Catholic kings Ferdinand and Isabella. The chapel has great artistic value. It is made in the style of flaming Gothic and Isabella. From the outside, the tomb has only one façade. Three walls are adjacent to other buildings. Magnificent marble tombstones, a carved golden altar and attributes of royal power - crowns and weapons - will attract your attention.

Albaicin

Albaicín, photo Pagotopoli

The Arab quarter of Albaicín with its Moorish buildings is a favorite walking place for city residents and tourists. It seems that it is frozen in time, isolated within Granada into a separate city, with its own special atmosphere, architecture and structure of past centuries. Protected by UNESCO.

Arab baths El Bañuelo

The superbly preserved Arab Baths of El Bañuelo give us an idea of ​​what life was like in Muslim Granada. They were built in the 11th century. They are decorated with Visigothic and Roman columns. The unusual dome of the central hall creates the illusion of a starry sky.

Carthusian monastery

The Baroque Carthusian monastery (Monasterio de la Cartuja) was built over three centuries, from the 16th to the 18th centuries. From the outside it looks modest. But what luxury inside! The interior painting of the domes is especially impressive. The interior is one of the best examples of Spanish Baroque. The monastery is famous for its sacristy.

Monastery of Saint Jerome

Royal Monastery of St. Jerome, photo RA Melgar

The Monastery of Saint Jerome (Monasterio de San Jerónimo) is an architectural monument of the Renaissance, built in the 16th century. This is the first Catholic monastery on the territory of Granada, built after the conquest of the city by Isabella and Ferdinand. Interestingly, the decision to build it was made even before the liberation of Granada from the Moors. Christianization of the new Spanish lands was the task that was set for the monastery.

Sacramonte, photo SnippyHolloW

The amazingly original and vibrant gypsy quarter of Sacramonte is the birthplace of flamenco. The fiery rhythms of castanets and the rustle of skirts excite the blood. In Sacramonte there are famous cave houses - cuevas, many of which are inhabited and equipped with electricity and the Internet.

Abbey of Sacromonte, photo Micheo

On the top of Mount Sacromonte, in the summer of 1598, construction began on the Benedictine monastery of Sacromonte (Abadía del Sacromonte). Today the Sacromonte complex includes an abbey, a seminary and a collegiate church. The striking element of its architecture is the courtyard, surrounded by Tuscan columns supporting semi-arches. Under the temple there are caves connected by underground passages. There is a museum of religious painting and church paraphernalia in the Sacromonte Abbey.

Basilica of St. John of God

Church of St. John of God, photo dr_zoidberg

The Basilica of St. John of God (Basílica San Juan de Dios) (XVIII century) is the spiritual center of the Hospitaller Order. The relics of the saint are kept here. The interior decoration is made in the Andalusian Baroque style: many mirrors, gilding and silver, marble and ceramic trim.

Church of St. Egidio and St. Anne

Church of St. Egidio and St. Anna (Iglesia de San Gil y Santa Ana), photo Laura

Outside the Church of St. Aegidius and St. Anna (Iglesia de San Gil y Santa Ana) of the 16th century, although not rich in decor, is quite beautiful. Like most churches in Granada, it was built on the site of a mosque. The main portal is interestingly designed. Inside, see the coffered ceiling and frescoes.

Granada madrasah

Granada Madrasah (Madraza de Granada)^ photo PESTAWINE L’alter ego d’en Miquel

Madrasah (Madraza de Granada) is a palace-university founded in the 14th century. Emir Yusuf I. Today the madrasah belongs to the University of Granada. The Academy of Fine Arts is based here. Excursions are organized for lovers of Moorish architecture. Inside, Arabic mosaics and an extraordinary wooden ceiling with inlay have been preserved.

Dar al-Orra Palace

The Nasrid palace Dar al-Horra in the Albayzin region was built in the 15th century. (previously there was a Syrian palace of the 11th century) by order of the Emir of Granada Abu-l-Hasan Ali for his first wife Aisha al-Horr. Later, the emir settled there with his second wife Soraye, a former slave and Christian concubine Isabel de Solis. The palace was part of the monastery of Isabella la Real. In the 20th century Dar al-Orra was acquired by the state.

Royal Hospital

University of Granada - former Royal Hospital

After the end of Arab rule in Granada, the problem of health care became acute. Her decision was the foundation of the Royal Hospital in 1511. Its official opening was in 1526, but finishing work continued until the 18th century. Today, the former hospital houses the rector's office and library of the University of Granada.

Coal Yard

Coal Yard (Corral del Carbon), photo by Francisco Barranco

The Coal Yard (Corral del Carbón) is the only well-preserved 14th-century Muslim inn on the Iberian Peninsula. It was used as a coal warehouse, a theater, and living quarters. It is now a National Monument.

History of Granada

In the 5th century BC. e. On the territory of today's Granada, the Greeks founded the colony of Elibirg. Later, the Romans who came here changed its name to Iliberra. The Roman Empire fell to the Vandals in the 5th century. Iliberra fell under their influence. In 534 it came under the rule of Byzantium, and from the 7th century the city belonged to the Visigoths. It turned into a military fortress. The dominance of the Visigoths lasted for two centuries.

Not far from the city at that time there lived a Jewish community, it was called Garnata al-yahud. The inhabitants of the settlement contributed to the capture of Iliberra by the Moors in 711. The city under a new name - Ilbira became the capital of the Cordoba Caliphate. Under the Moors, science and trade flourished, and they did a lot to develop agriculture. Different religions coexisted successfully in the city.

With the beginning of the 11th century, a split in the caliphate occurred. He brought destruction to the city. After the restoration of the capital, the settlement of Garnat Jews found itself within the city limits. Then the city received its modern name - Granada. Beginning in 1012, Granada fell under the rule of the Berber dynasty Ziridov and became an independent emirate.

By 1492, Granada was the only city surrounded by Spanish possessions still under Muslim rule. On January 2, 1492, Granada capitulated to the Spaniards. The Muslims who remained on its territory maintained their faith until 1499, when Cardinal Cisneros demanded that they all convert to Christianity. Later, the Arabs were forbidden to wear national clothes and were forced to speak only Spanish.

During these reforms, which were detrimental to Granada, its economic situation worsened. In the XVII - XVIII centuries. the city suffered from earthquakes and epidemics. The population was declining. A number of construction changes were carried out, which led to the loss of many monuments of the Muslim era.

The rise began only in the 19th century. By this time, the city had become a religious center, the headquarters of the king's office was located here, and the University was created. During the period 1810-12. Granada was captured by the French troops of General Sebastiani. The Alhambra was partially destroyed, but new objects were also built: the Napoleon Theater, the monastery of San Jerónimo, El Salon and la Bomba squares.

The economic boom began at the end of the 19th century. Railways were built, agriculture and trade developed. Granada acquired the appearance of a wealthy bourgeois city.

The fall of the monarchy in 1931 was followed by five years of devastating civil war. Franco's dictatorship was established for many years. His death in 1975 gave a new impetus to the development of the city.

Today Granada has become a tourist destination.

Events and holidays

Granada has a worldwide reputation as a musical city. The best Spanish guitars are made here. The city hosts international festivals of dance and music, theater and jazz. Residents of Granada widely celebrate all religious holidays.

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Granada became the last stronghold of the Moors in Spain and the site of the final triumph of the Reconquista. The Arab component has become an integral part of the city - this is the stunning luxury of the Alhambra, the ancient gardens of the Generalife and the Moorish quarter of Albayzin. All these objects are included in UNESCO, representing great value for world culture.

Granada is the home of gypsy flamenco, where it can be seen in the original in the caves-cuevas of the gypsy region of Sacramonte. This is one of the few Spanish cities that has its own flamenco school.

You can see the beauty of the city right now in this video:

One can note the tendency of Granada's churches to be restrained on the outside and stunningly rich on the inside, like no other city. The number of sculptures, paintings and rich decorations amazes the most sophisticated tourists to holy places.

All this splendor is crowned by marvelous nature - picturesque mountains, among which the majestic Granada is located.

How to get to Granada

Photo: Granada Tourist Map

Air

For residents of Russia, the most profitable way to get to Granada is from neighboring Malaga, where there is a direct flight from Moscow during the season. From Malaga to Granada the bus (ALSA) takes only 1.5 hours.

Train

Granada has train connections with almost all major cities in Spain. From Madrid the train takes 4 hours, tickets cost from 30 €. From Seville the train takes 3.5 hours, tickets cost from 24 €.

Bus

From Madrid (Estacion Sur station) – 5 hours, tickets cost from 19 euros. From Malaga – 1.5 hours, tickets cost from 11 euros.

When to go

Granada is a mountainous city (700 m above sea level), where the weather has its own characteristics - warm clothes are needed in the morning and evening, when the sun has not warmed the air or is already setting. During the day it can be quite hot. However, there is little precipitation here, but there are plenty of sunny days.

The best time to visit is spring, when everything around is in bloom and the air is still quite fresh. In summer the average temperature is 25°C (maximum rises to 35°C), in winter – 6-8°C. In winter it is quite comfortable, especially for ski lovers because the Sierra Nevada is nearby. In addition, in winter, in February, the day of the patron saint of Granada, St. Cecilius, is celebrated with colorful processions along Mount Sacromonte.

Story

The history of the formation of the city of Granada goes back to the Iberian tribe of Turduli, who named the settlement Iliberry, transformed in ancient Roman times into Iliberis. The village of Granata at that time was a suburb where mostly Jews lived.

From 1013 to 1238, Zavi ben Ziri made Granada the capital of the kingdom of the Zirid dynasty, then it was conquered by the Nasrids, who built the Alhambra and ruled until the beginning of 1492. On January 2, 1492, an army of Christian kings entered the city, marking the end of the Reconquista.

In the 17th and 18th centuries the city suffered greatly from earthquakes and epidemics. The recovery from the crisis began only in the 19th century, resulting in an economic surge. Many railways were built, trade and the agricultural sector expanded. Granada was long under Franco's dictatorship, which only ended with his death in 1975.

Sights of Granada

Photo: Moorish Alhambra complex or Nasrid Palace

The Alhambra or Nasrid Palace (Alhambra, translated from Arabic as “red”) is a magnificent Moorish palace complex on the La Sabica hill, including a palace, towers, fortress walls, gardens, artificial ponds and fountains. The construction of the Muslim citadel began in 1238, and in 1492 it became a stronghold of Christian kings. For its beauty and engineering perfection, the Alhambra was nicknamed “the 8th wonder of the world,” and in 1984 it was added to the UNESCO list.

The most significant objects of the complex are the Myrtle Court, the Comares Palace, Mechouar and the Lion Court. The Palace of Charles V was built already in 1526 - now the Alhambra Museum and the Museum of Fine Arts operate here. The Church of Santa Maria was built nearby in 1581-1618.

From the 12th to the 15th centuries, the Generalife Gardens served as a place of retreat for emirs. This place of fabulous gardens, palaces and cozy courtyards is the embodiment of Muslim paradise on Earth. In 1984, the gardens were included in the UNESCO list.

Photo: Generalife Gardens

To enter the most ancient Moorish gardens in Europe, you must first pass the New Gardens and the Avenue of Cypresses from 1931. The Generalife Alley, the Stream Courtyard, the Acequia Courtyard, the Sultan's Cypress Courtyard - all this has captivated the imagination of poets, artists and ordinary tourists for many centuries.

The Granada Cathedral (Catedral de Granada) of the 16th-17th centuries was erected on the site of the mosque as a symbol of freedom from the Moors. The grandiose building embodied several architectural styles - Gothic, Baroque and Rococo. Inside, the cathedral is even more majestic - 67 meters long, 45 meters high, powerful columns, stained glass windows, valuable paintings and an abundance of gold trim.

Photo: Granada Cathedral

Capilla Real from the early 16th century is one of the most revered shrines in Spain, designed in the ornate late Gothic Isabelline style. Monarchs Isabella of Castile and Ferdinand of Aragon are buried inside. Inside, the eye is drawn to the huge wrought iron grille separating the nave and apse, the magnificent marble tombs of the monarchs and the altar with sculptures dedicated to the ministry of John the Baptist.

Granada became the site of the final victory over the Moors, so the chapel became the tomb for these monarchs, who played a key role in completing the Reconquista and wished to rest here.

The Madrasah (Madraza de Granada) is a university-palace founded in the 14th century by Emir Yusuf I, now serving as the Academy of Fine Arts and belonging to the University of Granada. Tourists will be treated to a stunning courtyard, exquisite mosaics and a stunning Moorish wooden ceiling, as well as a fascinating account of the history of the Madrasah.

Photo: University-Palace Madrasah

From the central street Gran Via de Colon we go to Plaza Isabel la Catolica. In its center stands a sculpture by M. Benlure from 1892, in which Columbus conveys his projects to Queen Isabella.

The Coal Yard (Corral del Carbon) of the 14th century is the only surviving Moorish inn in the vastness of Spain, which has become a national monument. During the reign of the emirs, merchants stayed here, and later it served as a coal warehouse, comedy theater and guest house.

Moving northeast along Reyes Catolix Street, we find the neat, functioning Church of Sant'Egidio and St. Anne from the 16th century. Its main entrance with sculptures is especially beautiful, as well as its interior with ancient frescoes from the 16th and 17th centuries and the coffered ceiling.

Nearby, the beautifully preserved Arab Baths (El Bañuelo) lift the curtain on life in Granada during Muslim times. The dome of the central room with holes in the form of stars is admirable.

Photo: Arab Baths

Dal al-Horra (Dar al-Horra in Arabic: “House of the Queen”) of the 15th century is a palace intended for the first wife of Emir Abu al-Hasan Ali. Later, the emir lived here with his second wife, taken from Christian concubines.

The Royal Hospital (Hospital Real) of the early 16th century was an extremely important strategic site after the end of the Reconquista, to treat patients with syphilis, then people with mental illness.

The 18th century Basilica of St. John of God (Basilica San Juan de Dios) is stunning with its architectural splendor in the Andalusian Baroque style. Inside, the basilica is replete with frescoes, sculptures, gold and marble decoration and paintings from the life of St. John of God by the artist Sarabia. Here are the remains of Saint John Cidade Duarte (secular name of St. John of God), a visiting Portuguese who organized a hospital and shelter for the poor.

Photo: Basilica of St. John of God

The Monastery of St. Jerome (Monasterio de San Jeronimo) is the first Granada monastery, founded in 1492 immediately after the capture of the city by the Catholic monarchs. The austere Gothic building is rich and majestic inside - especially memorable are the skillful paintings of Juan Medina and the main altar in the Renaissance style with relief scenes from the life of Jesus Christ. The entrance to the monastery church is decorated with a sculpture of the interpreter of Scripture, Saint Jeronimo.

The Carthusian Monastery (La Cartuja), located just north of the rest of Granada, is very modest in appearance, but the interior is breathtaking. The courtyard with a citrus garden enchants, the sacristy in the most sophisticated baroque style amazes, and the collection of paintings on religious themes, in particular about the history of the Carthusian Order, amazes. Also amazing is the chapel in the European Baroque style with numerous sculptures and paintings.

Take half a day to stroll through Granadians' favorite destination, the Albaycín Arab Quarter (UNESCO). The quarter, located on a hill, lures you into cozy streets with Moorish mansions-museums, Arab baths, aqueducts and arches, and there are also observation decks with magnificent views of the Alhambra and mountain peaks.

Sacromonte is a colorful gypsy quarter in the Valparaiso Valley, which can be reached along one of the streets of the Albaicin district. In the cave houses (cuevas) of this area, fiery flamenco was born. The cool caves where the passionate dance is performed have been preserved to this day - this is the best flamenco show in Spain.

Photo: Roma quarter Sakromotne

The science park is a unique place where all the exhibits can and even need to be touched. It will be interesting for children and adults to go on a “journey” through the human body, visit the Optical Hall, the Biosphere Hall and see other thematic rooms. You need to spend at least half a day to visit this park, but it is worth it.

Attractions in the surrounding area

Photo: Lanjaron - a city with thermal springs

The Abbey of Sacromonte is located in a picturesque area on Mount Sacromonte (translated from Spanish as “holy mountain”), from where it offers an amazing panorama of Granada. The Sacromonte Monastery is covered in interesting legends about enterprising Catholic Arabs who found the “authentic” relics of St. Cecilius (the first bishop of Granada) and records of martyrs in local caves. According to legend, this served as the basis for the construction of a monastery and abbey, where, among other things, you can visit a museum with the oldest map of Granada and the oven where several martyrs were burned.

Just 40 kilometers from Granada is the Sierra Nevada Nature Reserve. In winter it is a magnificent ski resort, which is the southernmost on the continent with comfortable winter temperatures. And in the summer there are incredible spaces for trekking and cycling routes along very comfortable asphalt roads with different levels of difficulty.

The famous Frederico Garcia Lorca was born in the town of Fuente Vaqueros. This is an original village where you can visit the house of a Spanish poet on Trinidad Street.

Lanjaron is a place with thermal springs, famous for its mineral waters throughout Spain.

The most atmospheric areas of the city are Sacromonte and Albaicin, where you can take stunning photos against the background of whitewashed houses, Moorish mansions and panoramic photos on observation decks. There are also stunning views of Mount Sacromonte, where the abbey of the same name is located.

For tourists who intend to visit all the sights of the city, a special card is provided - Granada City Pass (price about 30 €). It is valid for 7 days and saves 30% on visits to the Alhambra, the Generalife Gardens, Granada Cathedral, the Chapel, the monasteries of St. Jerome and the Carthusian Monastery, the Park of Sciences and some museums. Additionally, it entitles you to 9 free passes and a daily ticket for a tourist bus.

When planning a visit to the sights, remember that the Alhambra is open until 20:00 in the spring and summer, and until 18:00 the rest of the year.

Shopping

Photo: Granada Ceramics

Shopping spots are concentrated around the Granada Cathedral: Plaza Bib, Plaza Trinidad, Plaza Reyes Catholicos and Plaza Campillo. There are also large shopping centers where you can buy world brands at significant discounts.

What to buy:

• Famous brands: Zara, Bershka, Stradivarius, Massimo Dutti, etc.;
• Traditional Granadian ceramics (Fajalauza) with blue-green designs (Bocanegra Street);
• Embossed leather accessories and decorative elements (workshop of Munira Mendoza);
• The finest wood inlay using Arabic techniques (Albayzin quarter, Cruz de Arqueros street);
• Wineskins;
• Guitars from local craftsmen;
• Amazing filigree jewelry.

Things to do in Granada

10 cases in Granada:

1. Visit an Arabian fairy tale - the Alhambra palace complex;
2. Hide from the heat of the day in the Muslim paradise - the Generalife Gardens;
3. Treat yourself to an unusual remojon salad with a glass of local wine;
4. Take a flamenco lesson in one of the cave caves of the Sacromonte quarter;
5. Visit the hammam bath and taste mint tea in one of the Arab restaurants;
6. Make a pilgrimage to Mount Sacromonte, where unforgettable views open up;
7. Embark on an exciting cycling route through the Sierra Nevada Nature Reserve;
8. See the grandeur and glory of the Granada Cathedral;
9. Go on a journey through the human body in the Science Park;
10. Buy Granadian ceramics or a souvenir made of embossed leather.

What and where to eat

Photo: Remojon dish

Tortilla in Sacromonte - according to legend, on St. Cecilia's Day (Feb. 1), a roast lamb was stolen and a Sacromonte monk prepared an omelet with the remains of the lamb: brains, testicles and bone marrow. This became the filling for the Granada omelette. This omelet can be enjoyed at the Brinas restaurant on Plaza Bib.

Remojon is an exotic salad with Moorish roots, which is prepared from dried cod, olives, garlic, oranges and hot peppers.

Desserts of Granada: spiced pumpkin pies (empanadillas), almond cookies (almendrados), “bones of saints” (waffle rolls), King cake, etc.

Where to eat

Traditional Granadian food with views of the Alhambra awaits tourists at the Mirador de Moraima restaurant, which is located in the Albaicin quarter. Here they prepare bloodwort with apples, cod with almonds, remojon salad, asparagus, and Moraima tortilla.

Another popular place is the La Oliva restaurant, where you can taste national cuisine and wines. An inexpensive and cozy place is the Oliver restaurant with a huge selection of fish dishes, salads, desserts and delicious drinks.

You can visit establishments with Arabic food, for example, Kasbah Teteria with excellent prices and excellent cuisine, as well as establishments on Calle Caldereria.

For the best local wines, head to Bar Kiki next to the Granada winery.

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Sights of Granada

1. Alhambra

The Alhambra is the main attraction of Granada and all of Spain. The origin of this fantastic Nasrid Palace , one of the greatest masterpieces of Arab art in the world, dates back to a simple fortress,built in the ninth century and called "Alhambra", whichmeans "Red", the color of the material,used in its construction.

The Alhambra was the residence of the Moorish rulers of the Nasrid dynasty for 250 glorious years, from 13- th to 15th century, and is a real museum of Islamic architecture. This placewas the last stronghold of the Moors in Spain.

The Alhambra complex consists of four groups of buildings carefully integrated into the landscape of the area. The Alcazaba is the original 13th-century Moorish fortress, the oldest part of the Alhambra, and it is here that the first fortifications were built. All that remains of Alcazab are ramparts and towers. The Nasrid Palace is the most magnificent building in the complex, with marvelous rooms used by the Nasrid sultans. Palace of Charles V was built in the 16th century after the conquest of the Moors. Leave time to explore Generalife, especially the magnificent Moorish gardens filled with shady courtyards, fountains, fragrant roses and decorated terraces.

2. Granada Cathedral (Catedral de Granada)

Granada Cathedral was built on the site of a former mosque.It has an impressive interior, p described the cathedral El Greco and José de Ribera, with several beautiful chapels. The first stone of Granada Cathedral was laid in 1523 on the site of an ancient mosque. Its architect was Enrique Egas, a master of the old Gothic school.

Cathedral in Granada - monument to the liberation of the city from the Moors . Built over almost two years centuries the building combines several architectural styles - late Gothic, Rococo, Classicism . The cathedral is one of the main attractions of Granada.

3. Royal Chapel (Capilla Real)

The Royal Chapel is the tomb of Catholic kings and is located next to the cathedral. The greatness of the Spanish Catholic Monarchs is best seen at the Royal Chapel. This impressive 47-meter domed chapel is attached to Granada Cathedral, but has a separate entrance. The tomb was built in the 15th century in the late Gothic style.

The interior features beautiful 16th-century stained glass windows and seven works by Alonso Cano. An elaborate wrought iron grille, Bartolomé de Jaén surrounds the richly decorated royal tombs. The highlight of the tomb is the sacristy , a treasure trove of art, including works by Botticelli, Rogier van der Weyden and Hans Memling.

4. Arab baths (Bañuelo)

In Banuelo you will see the impressive Arab baths, dating from the 11th century, this Arab bath is one of the most complete and well preserved ancient ones Arab baths in Spain, located at the foot of the Alhambra. The Moors brought the hammam (Arab bath) ritual from their homeland in North Africa to Andalusia. Today, visitors can pamper themselves with pleasant treatments in the ancient Arabic tradition. Al-Andalus Hamams are authentic Arab baths in Moorish style. Built on the ruins of an old hammam at the foot of the Alhambra, the complex has been completely reconstructed and reopened to the public. The baths have graceful arches and exquisite tile work in traditional Islamic style.

Official site:http://granada.hammamalandalus.com/en

5. Nasrid Palace (The Nasrid Palaces)

Complex of palaces, residence of the kings of Granada. This is the true jewel of the Alhambra, the most magnificent Islamic building in Europe, with its perfectly proportioned rooms and courtyards, intricately molded plaster walls, beautiful tiles, beautifully carved wooden ceilings and intricate honeycomb vaults.

The highlights of the Nasrid Palace are Mechouara, a special building for audiences and courts through which tourists usually enter the palace, dating back to the 14th century. Komare Palace, which was the official residence of the emir. and the Hall of Blessing, with a beautiful wooden ceiling.

6. Carthusian monastery of La Cartuja (Monasterio de la Cartuja)

This tranquil 16th-century monastery is located on the outskirts of Granada, approximately25 minutes drive from the center.It gained its fame for its simple exterior and courtyard, but surprisingly luxurious interior. La Cartuja is considered the most striking monastery in Granada. Many paintingsmarble statues, gilded details and impressive altar pieces.The most striking feature of the church is the sacristy, designed by Luis de Arevalo, with exuberant stucco decoration and marble pilasters.

7. Old Arab city (Albaicin)

Another iconic landmark of Granada is the historic Arab Quarter located on the slopes of Sacromonte. Here you will seeand picturesque little alleys and whitewashed houses of Moorish architecture and spirit. At one time the quarter wassurrounded by fortress walls. FromPuerta Nueva beginsa well-preserved section of the old fortress wall. There is a beautiful view from the Arab Quarterto the Alhambra Palace, which is separated from the quarter by a gorge.

The attractions of the quarter are the churchSan Salvador, which was built on the site of an earlier mosque and is notable for its Mudejar style and 16th-century church San Nicolas in the heart of the quarter.

8. Arabic spice market ( La Alcaiceria)

This traditional Arabic Souq (market) is a recreation of an old Moorish market,which existed here until the fire in 1843.The entire area around the market is a labyrinth of narrow streets where spices and silks are sold, as well as many souvenir shops.

9. Festival of Music and Dance (International Festival of Music and Dance)

The thoughtful melodies of the gypsy guitar and shocking flamenco captivate the audience,who attend this truly incendiary festival.The history of the festival dates back to 1883,when the concerts were held at the Royal Palace.The festival continues the tradition by showcasing a variety of Spanish musical styles and genres such as opera, zarzuela and flamenco. Concerts in performances by large symphony orchestras are held in the palace.Dance and ballet performances take place in the theater underopen air in the Generalife gardens.

To explore the sights of Granada, take a guided tour.

Granada is a gem of medieval architecture with a Moorish past. The city takes its origins from the times of the Islamic state of Al Andalus from 711-1031 AD. e. The events of those distant years, as well as the reign of the Zirid dynasty in 1013-1090 and the era of the Emirate of Granada and the Alhambra (1238-1492) are the main topics told by guides during trips to the sights of Granada. The surviving architectural monuments remain evidence of the vibrant and successful life of the city in those days.

Two historical periods - the Muslim until the 15th century and the Christian that followed - had a major influence on the city's heritage. Numerous tourists from all over the world strive to visit unique sights of Granada, which let's get acquainted with!

1. Abbey of Sacromonte

In 1600, on the burial site of the holy martyrs, above the caves of Mount Valparaiso, the Abbey of Sacromonte was founded. Today this place is one of the most famous attractions in Granada. The abbey is located three kilometers from the city, on the top of a mountain. It consists of a collegiate church, a residential part and an educational seminary. The Star of Solomon, also called the Star of David, serves as a symbol of the abbey.

Tourists and guests of Granada have the opportunity to visit caves here with holy relics and exhibits telling about the righteous life of Issio, Cecilio and Tesiphon. 21 lead plates contain a description of the life of the Great Martyr Cecilio. A unique collection of tapestries and an exhibition of fine art is presented in the Abbey Museum. Those who wish can also attend daily liturgies. The Abbey of Sacromonte is a hot tourist spot in Granada, where every tourist who comes to the city should visit.

2. Granada Cathedral

The Cathedral in Granada is the most famous medieval temple in Spain. This majestic structure was erected on the site of a Muslim mosque. After the city was captured by the soldiers of Christian kings in 1518, work began that lasted more than two centuries.

Talented architects and sculptors put all their talent and skill into creating a symbol of the liberation of Spain from Moorish oppression. Over the years, Gothic style, traditionalism, rococo and classicism have been intertwined in this architectural monument. The height of the nave of the temple is 30 meters, the dome is 45 meters, and the length of the attraction is 67 meters.

3. Alhambra

The fortress-palace at the top of the La Sabica hill is one of the most visited attractions in Granada! Even during the era of the Cordoba Caliphate (9th century), the fortification of Ilbir appeared on this site, around which new settlements gradually appeared. The apogee of the construction of the amazing complex was the years 1238-1492 - after the creation of the Emirate of Granada. All subsequent rulers after the Nasrid dynasty contributed to the royal complex of buildings, adding bright and unique touches to the sights. Nazarene palaces, delightful gardens and monumental buildings, the Alcazaba fortress - it will take more than one day to examine and appreciate the magnificence of the creations of ancient masters.

4. Palace of Charles V

The outstanding Palace of Charles V amazes tourists in Granada with its monumentality and beautiful courtyard in the Renaissance style. This palace, with the adjacent church, was built at the behest of King Charles V on the territory of the Alhambra in the 16th century, on the site of several demolished Moorish buildings. Michelangelo's student, the Spanish architect Pedro Machuca, created a project in the mannerist style. The massive structure did not fit well with the light, openwork ensemble of the surrounding buildings, but thanks to the palace, the entire complex was preserved. It was impossible to demolish the Moorish area without affecting the palace of the Christian king.

Within the palace walls there are two art museums. The Alhambra Museum houses unique items and household items of the rulers of Granada from different eras, as well as exhibits of Spanish and Mohammedan culture. Permanent exhibitions of local artists and periodic exhibitions of works by Pablo Picasso and other celebrities are open at the Museum of Fine Arts.

5. Albaicin

Another beautiful place that is a must visit in Granada. Albayzin is an ancient district of Granada, all of whose architecture belongs to the medieval era of Muslim Spain. UNESCO included in its list of world cultural heritage not individual attractions concentrated here, but the entire Albayzin. It is here that the folk architecture of the Moors is embodied with the greatest expressiveness. This area of ​​Granada is located on a hill, at the foot of which the Darro River flows. The layout of Albaicin, the preserved spirit of antiquity, and mosques of great architectural value are attractive to all guests of the city. Buildings preserved from time immemorial with gardens located in courtyards and high solid walls, narrow streets, Moorish ornaments - all this surrounds tourists while walking around Albayzin.

6. Monastery of St. Jerome

Initially, the construction of this religious building of the Hieronymite Order was planned in the small settlement of Santa Fe. The arrival of the troops of Christian rulers in Granada was marked by the order of the Catholic Monarch to build a new temple in 1504. The project included a mixture of several architectural styles characteristic of that time - Mudejar, Gothic and Renaissance. The funeral chapels were built according to the drawings of the architect Diego de Siloe. The splendor of the main altar, which has become the pearl of the church nave, is the work of Pablo de Rojas. The main tomb of the chapel contains the remains of the Duchess de Sessa, who financed all construction costs. The legendary Gran Captain, the famous military leader Gonzalo Fernandez de Cordova, found his last refuge here.

7. Generalife Gardens

One of the main attractions of Granada and the most popular place among tourists is the beautiful gardens and palace buildings of the Generalife, built in the 14th century next to the legendary Alhambra fortress, on the Cerro del Sol hill. This monument is included in the UNESCO World Heritage List as an invaluable example of royal Arab residences of the Middle Ages.

Here you can see the amazingly beautiful colonnades, gazebos, flower beds, the original fountain and the pool of the Patio de la Acequia courtyard, which are part of the garden complex along with the Jardin da la Sultan courtyard, which bears the title of the best garden in Spain. The delightful beauty of various shrubs, rare species of roses and other flowers, decorative boxwood and wallflower delights the eyes of numerous visitors. Tourists often say that after visiting this beautiful place they understand what the image of heaven looks like in the holy book of Muslims.

8. Sacromonte

And the last Granada tourist attraction on our list is the Sacramonte district, located three kilometers outside the city walls - the birthplace of the fiery Spanish dance flamenco. At one time, this place on the hill was inhabited by fugitives from persecution by the authorities, who established their life with the help of primitive cave structures inside the mountain. And today, city guests can explore the preserved cave houses in Sacramonte - not very presentable in appearance, but comfortable enough for modern people to live inside. The top of the hill offers a colorful view of the Alhambra, and in the caves visitors will be shown the most passionate flamenco in all of Spain. The abbey of the same name is located nearby on the plain.