Airlines with new aircraft. RBC study: Russia flies on

Holivari on this score of the divecha broke out with a new force due to the message about the bunting tire of the Boeing 737 "Transaero" tire in Israel. To make your opinion on this issue once and forever, let's communicate logic and professionals.

All who at least somehow is technically connected with aviation, they say: the safety of the flight is influenced by the technical condition of the aircraft, which, with its age, is associated very indirectly. Quote from the official, which is investigating a plane crash in the CIS:

Over the past five years, the number of catastrophes in the world, including Russia, with aircraft passengerization of more than 50 places is the same for age aircraft up to 5 years and over 30 years. According to available information, the average age of the Boeing 737-500 aircraft exploited to the United States is 20.4 years. In Europe - 20.3 years.

But, maybe statistics spoil some small airlines that picked up their trash, but are big and serious carriers prefer new techniques? It turns out no. The average age of the Boeing-737 one of the largest European airlines "Lufthansa" - exceeds 24 years. The American flagship and the greatest airline of the world "Delta Airlines" actively uses Boeing-747 over 23 years old and 20-year-old A-320. The British from British Eyrueis, despite the famous in the literature, Chiefness and Potigability do not even think to abandon the Boeing 737, which is almost 23 years old. In general, it is possible to continue for a long time, but the picture as a whole is already clear.

Why is it so possible? After all, the new technique should, no, simply must be reliable and safer. I think this is a kind of conviction rose from the automotive experience of most people who adhere to such a look. In the case of machines, it may, and justified. But in aviation, the situation is different. I explain. The fact is that, in contrast to the automotive, there were no breakthies in aviation for many decades. In my opinion, from December 31, 1968, when his first flight was performed the world's first passenger supersonic Tu-144 aircraft. After that, we have not seen anything fundamentally new - not counting the larger implementation of computers, improving the navigation care and the like of the associated innovations. On airplanes, released 20 years ago, all this modern equipment can be installed without difficulty, after which the old liners seem to be more fundamentally different from new ones.

In order for the aircraft to be in good technical form, even after two dozen years of operation, a lot of strict rules will be worked out, which are strictly observed. In addition to periodic checks of various nodes and equipment, aircraft are tested and before each takeoff. At the same time, all the liner systems are tested, and if at least one of them causes some questions, the plane simply will not take off. No technician will assume responsibility for the life of hundreds of people. In case of identifying a potentially dangerous malfunction, it is easier for him to send an aircraft to a more thorough examination. And the age of the aircraft does not affect it. Violators of this rule very quickly fall into different black lists, for example, they close the European sky. There are no such airlines in Russia. With a list you can read.

And here are still arguments based on Russian reality. Aeroflot has the youngest fleet not only in our country, but also in the world (among major airlines). We look at the statistics and - voila - this year we see seven aircases. Three of them are associated with engines, including stalled directly in flight. Let's run through the rest of the leader's top five, the fleet of which is noticeable older. In Transaero, for the same period, only two incidents are fixed. S7 - two, in "Russia" - one, UTair - counted seven . And what last year? But what.

Aeroflot - 11.
Transaero - 8.
Russia - 6.
S7 - 5.
UTair - 3.

We conclude: The number of airflowers is not connected with the age of airplanes, but much more, although not directly, with flight frequency (which is fairly not only for aviation, but also for all other spheres of life, the one who does nothing) is not mistaken. Where do the legs grow on the danger of old aircraft? Yes, everything from there, from the desire to deal with competitors not quite honest ways. About how black PR works in aviation, I already wrote, I will not repeat. We read.

Before going to a long-distance business trip or a vacation, you can see on what plane you fly. Specialized portals on the Internet will help you find out the age of liner, its model, as well as the history of operation. AiF.Ru was a guide that helps you familiarize yourself with all the information about the aircraft you are interested in.

To obtain information about the age of the aircraft, its models and the history of operation, the following actions should be taken:

1. Find your flight number. If it is not specified on the ticket, you can watch it on the airline's website or the airport.

2. Find out the side number of the liner. To do this, at www.flightradar24.com, enter your flight number in the search column. After pressing the Enter key, a table appears on the screen, in which the model of the liner (for example A333 or B738) will first be indicated, and the onboard number will be followed (it is presented in the AA-AAA alphabet format).

3. Enter the onboard number of your liner in the search graph at www.planeSpotters.net. After pressing the ENTER key, you will appear table; Press the mouse to the numbers written under the C / N graf.

After that, data will appear about which airline used board (Airline) when the plane made his first flight (First Flight), how many years Lainera (AGE), as well as information that may touch the accidents if they were (Remarks). Also on the same page photos of the aircraft and its cabin are shown.

Can a carrier replace one liner to another?

Yes maybe. For example, if the plane turned out to be filled not completely or faulty, the carrier can replace it. Passengers must be notified about this airline staff.

Is it possible to follow a real-time flight route of the aircraft?

Yes, you can. As on the site, keep track of the flight route of the aircraft, which flies close to you,

Over the past two years, there have been two largest aircraft crashs with Russian airlines in Russia: 11/17/2013 Boeing 737-500 catastrophe in Kazan (Tatarstan Airlines OJSC), 31.10.2015 Aerobus A321-231 catastrophe in Egypt (airline). Both aircraft were operating for more than 18 years.

The most important thing is that the Russian airline part of Russian airlines is purchased in the secondary market, i.e. Bought in ownership or are issued in leasing liners, which were used by budget (byeosters) by European air carriers as a taxi or third-world countries that do not have sufficient funds for timely maintenance. What happens, acquires the ship with which in 2001 the incident (damage to the tail part) and how it was repaired to us unknown. What do charter flights mean - this liner works for wear. Was the company time carefully carry out maintenance and repair with the number in the airfield of aircraft 5 units? Of course not.

About the airline not the first year there is a discussion about his flange fleet. As they say better bankrupt than a tragic story. Sooner or later, something would have happened. We are all watched only for aircraft facilities, and you know how many per month incidents with Russian air carriers are forced emergency landings? Our portal always monitors this, so in each article about the airlines in the section Incidents, you can always see all the statistics of the incidents with this company. The main causes are technical problems with the engine, chassis racks.

The greatest percentage of emergency landings is associated with charter flights, as they work for wear. But that is the interesting moment, foreign companies that produce several flights per day daily (for example, Looc Source), exploit new aircraft. When their time comes up to 5 years, they are immediately sold in the secondary market.

Of course, abroad, not many airlines have aircraft age up to 15 years old, there are liners in their airfield with a period of over 25 years. But these airliners are mainly used on domestic airlines and pass timely complex checks.

Airplanes should undergo maintenance from independent companies that should be monitored by the state.

It makes no sense to analyze the rating of Russian airlines, because in addition to Aeroflot and in world tables rating no company is closer to 100. Transaero got into a hundred only in a happy chance, since there was no disaster. The ranking is not taken into account the timing of the liners and incidents that are not led to the death of people and loss of aircraft. In my memory, I flew on the Transaero charter flight from Antalya to Moscow, to be honest - it was my last flight with this carrier. The liner collapsed ins- everything threatened and did not work. Then the back does not go down, the covering is rubbed. Therefore, now I'm trying to book everything separately. Yes, it is more expensive, but safer and reliable. Self booking allows you to choose an air carrier, and a batch tour -net.

Currently, many air ticket booking partner systems provide information specifically about the flight. Therefore, before buying a ticket, you can see what aircraft will be carried out by this flight, what age is his age.

We publish topical information about the age of the fleet of Russian airlines

TABLE:Age of Russian aircraft aircraft as of November 2015

* For more information about the specific fleet of the air carrier, you can find on our website in the section of the Russian airline.

** Need information about a specific airliner of a certain carrier - write in the comments, we will definitely advise you to the current date.

I would like to note that the average age of the airpath gives no accurate information. It is also necessary to pay attention to the number of liners in the air fleet of a particular airline.

Let's analyze, let's say an airline UTair. The average duration of the fleet is -11.8 years. Not bad ... the number in the air park is -65 aircraft. Let's see the oldest aircraft, how old they are:

• All Boeing 737-400, 737-500, 737-800NG Dates from 17 years to 22 years - all purchased in the secondary market
• All Boeing 767-200, 767-300 Dates from 14 to 18 years old are all purchased in the secondary market.

Due to what such a small average service life of the airline? In the fleet of the airline there are ATR 72 aircraft in the amount of 15 units, the period of which is 4 years, purchased new ones.

Conclusions: Age of airlines of Russia (With the exception of Aeroflot and Victory) is of high meaning, especially this concerns the Boeing models and the airbus, since companies do not have sufficient funds to acquire new ones. Charter flights on orders of tour operators perform carriers on airbuses and boings, the timing of which exceed mostly 17 years.

Take care of yourself and fly on good airplanes. Here I choose from Russian carriers. Yes, it is more expensive, but safer. It is better to pay extra for the flight, but be calm from what you fly on a new plane.

From the flights of the company and their workload directly depends on whataIRPARK It will be at this carrier. This article contains information aboutaircraft that use popularrussian airlines.

Airframes for brand companies

"Azur Ayr". This company uses five types of boobies. At its disposal:

• 4 Boeing 777-300ER aircraft with a capacity of up to 531 seats depending on the arrangement of the vessel;
• 12 Boeing 767-300 aircraft - up to 336 chairs per ship;
• 8 Boeing 757-200 aircraft - up to 238 chairs;
• 2 Boeing 737-900ER aircraft - up to 215 chairs;
• 4 Boeing 737-800 aircraft - up to 189 chairs.

View other parameters (wing span, length of Sun, its cruising speed, flight range) and the salon scheme, as well as the possible design of the aircraft chassis of this airline on its website.

Aeroflot Among the airlines with a passenger fleet of more than 100 units of Aeroflot aircraft has one of the youngest parks in the world. Most of the company's aircraft are the vessel of the Airbus A320 family (78 pieces), Airbus A330 (22 units of this model added to the airfield since 2008) and Sukhoi SuperJet 100, which will take the top of the A320 in a lobe in the airfield. Now Sukhoi Superjet 100 (SS100) 49 aircraft, but from 2019 to 2026, another 100 such aircraft will come to the airframe, according to the agreement prisoner in 2018. In addition, Aeroflot:

• 47 Boeing 737-800;
• 19 777-300er liners having comfort class "Comfort" and superior to other aircraft and capacity;
• 34 Airbus A321 aircraft.

Nordavia. Park is entirely consisting of narrow-body jet passenger aircraft Boeing 737:

• 6 Boeing 737-500 aircraft;
• 3 units of Boeing 737-700;
• 6 - Boeing 737-800.

These aircraft are reliable and meet the highest security requirements for international standards. All of them are equipped with salons of the full economic class.

Nordstar . The company's park consists of three models of Sun:

• Boeing 737-800 (9 units, each on 168-180 seats);
• Boeing 737-300 (1 aircraft on 148 seats);
• ATR 42-500 (5 units on 46 seats each).

"Victory" . The airline is true of the modern model Boeing 737-800 - its fleet consists of such boobs. In total, the company has 30 pieces made directly from the manufacturer. Airplanes are comfortable and safe. In the cabin - Sky Interior: It is equipped with spacious luggage compartments, comfortable leather chairs, lighting, changing color.

"Red Wings" . This company preferences the AIRBUS A320 family, or rather Airbus A321 (Aerbus A321) - a more spacious and modern model, whose number of seats in an economy class is more than 40 chairs, and the runway is 16 tons than that of the previousA320 . But the flight range is reduced by 600 km.

The entire series of Airbus 320 is distinguished by a spacious interior, spacious shelves for hand-bag, a large cargo papacity. These ships are manufactured in Germany and France.

Airline "Russia" . In the company's park total 62 aircraft. It:

• 21 Airbus A319;
• 16 Boeing 737;
• 10 Boeing 777;
• 9 Boeing 747;
• 6 Airbus A320.

Among these Sun, there is both the vessel with a capacity of about 130 seats and the ship at 450, 520 chairs. Therefore, the company's aircraft can fly both small and larger flights.

Royal Flight. At the beginning of 2019, the company has 12 liners and 3 more were ordered. The average age of the company's ship is 19 years old. Older than all - ship Boeing 767-300 under the onboard number of VP-Bre age 23, the latest vessel of the airline - Boeing 737-800 with onboard number VQ-BRF (12 years).In 2014, Boeing 757-200 entered the company's disposal, and in May 2015 - Boeing 737-800. What is the airfield Royal Flight:

• Boeing 757-200 ("Boeing 757-200") - 7 aircraft;
• Boeing 767-300 (Boeing 767-300) - 3 aircraft;
• Boeing 737-800 ("Boeing 737-800") - 2 aircraft.

"Rusline." As a private company specializing in VIP transportation, "Rusline" uses a small aircraft of only 50 seats. This is Bombardier CRJ 100/200 ER / LR (Canadair Regional Jet) - Business Jet Canadian Production (Developer - Bombardier Regional Aircraft) from the family of regional aircraft. On the sun of this model, the company's passengers travel around Russia and abroad, most often - from several major airports in Moscow (Domodedovo), St. Petersburg (Pulkovo), Yekaterinburg (Koltsovo) and Volgograd (Gumrak). The port of the airline is the airline - Moscow, Domodedovo.

"North wind" . Airlines with pride and romantic nameNord Vind Since 2008 (the moment of foundation) before the beginning of 2019 acquired 30 liners, and for 2019 he planned expanding the park to 50 aircraft. At the beginning of 2019, the airfield contained:

• Boeing 737-800NG - 11 aircraft at 186-189 passengers each;
• Airbus A321-200 - 9 aircraft with a capacity of 214-220 passengers;
• Boeing 777-200ER - 6 aircraft - 440 passengers;
• Boeing 777-300ER - 3 aircraft - 486 passengers;
• Airbus A330-200 - 2 aircraft - 283 passengers.

S7. . The easy-to-find crashing aircraft belongs to one of the most modern aircraft on the market of the Russian Federation. Park is 101 aircraft leading manufacturers: Airbus (61 liner), Boeing (23 liner) and Embraer (17 liners). S7 Airlines seeks the first in the Russian market to operate the latest aircraft models: it was so good in its class Eco-friendly Airbus A320NEO in 2017 and in 2018 with the Boeing 737 Max medium-sized modern liner. Now in the operation of the company there are such models of aircraft as:

• Airbus A319;
• Airbus A320NEO;
• Airbus A320;
• Airbus A321;
• Airbus A321NEO;
• Boeing 737-800;
• Boeing 737 MAX 8;
• Embraer 170.

"Ural Airlines" . On the operational leasing airline operates on Russian and international routes of 47 modern airbus liners:

• 24 A320 aircraft;
• 2 A320NEO aircraft;
• 15 A321 liners;
• 1 ship A321NEO;
• 5 A319 liners.

"UTair." At the disposal of 65 aircraft and 151 helicopters. For July 2019, models were operated in the airline:

• ATR 72-500 - 13 units;
• Boeing 737-400 - 6 units;
• Boeing 737-500 - 27 units;
• Boeing 737-800 - 9 units plus 30 was ordered;
• Boeing 767-200ER - 3 units.

"Yamal" . The airframe of the company is presented:

• Canadair CL-600-2B19 Regional Jet CRJ-200LR - 10 pieces;
• Challenger 850 - one;
• Airbus A321 - 3 aircraft;
• Airbus A320-200 - 8 pieces;
• "Dry RRJ-95LR-100" - 15 pieces.

Outstanding foreign airfields

An example of one of the most expensive airpaths, of course, a company from Arab Emirates. This is one of the world's largest companies created by the country's top leadership in 1985, she is based in Dubai.

Emirates . The airline has the latest aircraft park "Emirates A380" and Boeing 777S, as well as a separate fleet of small aircraft for private premium-class flights worldwide.

• The company has 113 A380 aircraft equipped with personal cabins, fully unfolding armchairs and a SPA shower in a business class, with access to Wi-Fi throughout the flight, a comfortable economic class with sufficient space and customizable lighting.
• "Emirates" owns the largest fleet of aircraft Boeing 777 - 158 units.

Most aircraft flying in Russia are not older than analogs used abroad. However, 17.7% airfield - old cars, many of which have exhausted their resource and have problems with the details. Another minus of the domestic market - problems with service and supervision, because of which almost the entire Russian fleet is registered in third countries

Photo: Transport-Photo Images

It became the largest catastrophe in the history of Russian aviation. The day after the tragedy belonging to Cogalymavia (Metrojet) Airbus 321, as a result of which 224 people died, the Russian investigation opened two criminal cases under the articles "Provision of services that do not meet the safety requirements" and "Violation of the safety rules or preparation for them" . Searches were held at the office of the carrier, Domodedovo, Samara airport, where the board was refueling. State Duma deputies immediately made a ban on the operation of aircraft over 15 years old (Airbus "Kogalymavia" was 18 years old) and imprisonment of the license of carrier companies with a small number of aircraft. The head of the State Duma Committee on International Affairs Alexei Pushkov said that the plane crash leads. Similar initiatives deputies have advanced and after a 23-year-old Boeing 737 catastrophe in Kazan on October 17, 2013. Whereas now, the public ignored the statements of airlines and industry experts, proving that the plane is not a car and 20 years of operation for him - not such a long time.

Both aircraft - Boeing in Kazan and Airbus over Sinai - according to the latest data, were working. Kazan catastrophe, as the Investigation Commission decided, Egyptian - three weeks later recognized as a terrorist attack. Suspicions in the poor condition of aircraft flying in Russia, however, did not evaporate. RBC analyzed the airframe of Russian companies that fulfill regular and charter passenger transportation, and found out how reason the suspicions of its wear were justified.

As we thought

As a basis was taken a list of current airworthiness certificates for October 22, 2015 (that is, aircraft that is allowed to fly in Russia), data of official websites of carriers and Internet resources airfleets.com, Russianplanes.net and FlightRadar24.com. We excluded from a complete list of small aircraft (private aircraft), local airline aircraft (practical range less than 1000 km, mainly An-2), helicopters, business jets, and all airplanes not used for passenger traffic - for example, freight and Agricultural. Aircrafts are not included in the sample that are not used to transport passengers for commercial purposes: for example, the Airpark of the Air Force, Ministry of Emergency Situations and the Special District for the Transport of the First Persons (Loom "Russia"), as well as aircraft belonging to aircraft manufacturing plants. Our lists with detailed information about each side were sent to all airlines operators with a request to confirm the correctness of the data collected by us. All the answers were taken into account in the results of the analysis.

Aircraft of the second largest Russian airline "Transaero" also got into our statistics. It was accepted on October 1, and on October 26, the company lost a certificate of the operator and ceased operational activities. Transaero Park is in the process of returning to the lessors: several dozen cars can get Aeroflot, who got some of the routes of the airline, the rest will be sold on the market or written off. Given the entire Park "Transaero" in the sample (according to open data for October, this is 122 aircraft), we were guided by the fact that most of it could go to other Russian operators, and the staff of the park reflects the economic model of the largest private Russian carrier.

What will be with a huge fleet "Transaero", second after the Aeroflot of the carrier by the number of aircraft (one of them - in the photo), it is unclear (photo: TASS)

What models are chosen

The most popular family in Russia is the Middle Highband Airbus 320 (A320, A319 and A321): 249 such aircraft are allowed to fly in the country. In second place with 203 sides, the family of medium-hydraulic Boeing 737, whose flights recently requested to suspend the Interstate Aviation Committee (MAC).

Fountable aircraft, according to our data, in Russia only 130 pieces, of which 76.6% are the model Boeing 747, 767 and 777.

The definitions of the medium-haul airplane in Russian legislation are not. In the world to this category, it is customary to attribute cars with a range of over 2.5 thousand km. Falnalematic in Russia, cars are considered to be cars with a range of flights more than 8 thousand km.

The leader among aircraft flying along the routes of medium length in Russia, Airbus has become so long. The company "Big Four" - Aeroflot, S7, Utair, Transaerot - in 2013 shared two preferences in 2013, explains the Researcher of the Institute of Transport Economics and Transport Policy of the Higher School of Economics Andrei Kramarenko. The first two chose Airbus, the second - Boeing. Now Transaero stopped flying, and Utair significantly reduced the park.

Two competing aircraft manufacturers provide most of the aircraft fleets of the world. According to the International Organization Center for Aviation (CAPA, Australia) for April 2013, from all vessels operated in the world, 39.7% are aircraft Boeing and 28.7% - Airbus. Russia is no exception. Airplanes of two companies occupy 61.7% of the Russian Park, 14.3% - other foreign aircraft (Embraer, Bombardier, De Havilland Canada, Let, ATR).

The domestic production aircraft accounts for only 24% of the cumulative park of Russian carriers. Moreover, for modern samples - An-148, Tu-204, Tu-214 and Sukhoi SuperJet - only 6.3%. The remaining 17.7% is the old modifications of "An", "Tu" and "Yak", most of whom flew in the USSR. "But in the amount of passenger traffic, the proportion of these machines is less than 5%," Alexander Fridlyand adds a professor of the Moscow State Technical University of Civil Aviation.

By quantity among modern Russian models, Sukhoi Superjet leads: such sides of domestic airlines 39. "Sukhoi Superjet has a niche, but it is very narrow due to its size (capacity - up to 100 seats. - RBC), "Says Fridlyand. According to him, it is large for local and regional routes, and on the mains with a good passenger traffic is inferior to economical machines for 150-200 places. "His niche is trunk, but weak directions in streams," the interlocutor believes.

An-24 is not produced since 1979, but in the Russian park Russian companies 67 more such cars (Photo: Transport-Photo Images)

From Soviet aircraft Most in the park Av-24 - 67 airlines. The turboprop passenger aircraft for small and medium-sized lines was developed by the Design Bureau (CB) of Antonov in the late 1950s. Maximum capacity - up to 52 passengers. Operated mainly by Russian regional companies (RBC considers not far-haul flights, flights through the metropolitan aircraft and are not based in Moscow and St. Petersburg). "An-24 is the only plane in the world of this class, which sits onto the ground, on the risen snow or ice, is reminded of the Honored pilot of the USSR, the President of the Foundation for the Development of Air Transport Infrastructure Oleg Smirnov. "He flew through the entire airspace of the USSR and in the present conditions in the extreme north almost indispensable."

Now the An-24 continues to use the company based in the north: "Polar Airlines", "Yakutia", "Chukotavia". While replacing it massively on foreign models is impossible. First, in foreign brands, which could land at the airfields of these regions, less passengers are placed, Kramarenko explains. In addition, technical documentation for them is in English, which are not all pilots and personnel An-24. However, "Yakutia" during 2012-2013 took into leasing five Bombardier Dash 8 aircraft with a capacity from 70 to 80 seats. In the "daughter" of Aeroflot, the Far Eastern airline "Aurora" except Bombardier fly Canadian de Havilland Canada 6 Twin Otter. Most likely, in the coming years, all An-24 will be replaced by foreign cars, "because they will develop their resource and will become extremely difficult and expensive to support their flight fitness," forecasts the partner of the consulting company Concuros, the former Vice-President of the Civil Aircraft of Sukhoi Dmitry Mirgorodsky. There are no substitute for their domestic analogues.

The second most popular among Soviet cars - Yak-42: in the park of Russian airlines 33 of such aircraft. However, several of them are stored: some waiting for the replacement of parts, some into the air will not rise. Machines are included in the parks "Gazpromavia", "Terrible Avia", "Ijavia", "Saratov Airlines". The last company two years ago began to fly on Brazilian Embraer 190.

How many years of aircraft in Russia

As the study showed, on average in Russia, the age of foreign models less than their resource, our aircraft - often more. According to Andrei Sharypov, the head of the certification department of civil aviation courts of the state heaven, for foreign cars it is about 40-60 thousand hours, that is, 30 years. For Soviet was less - about 20 years. The manufacturer can extend the resource individually for each vessel.

For example, the average age of generation Boeing 737 Classic (modifications 300, 400, 500) in Russia - 20.2 years. Generations Boeing 737 Next Generation (Modifications 600, 700, 800, 900) - 9.1 years. AIRBUS 320 - 7.5 years modifications, A319 - 11.9 years (see infographics). These figures are unsolonged from the middle operator. The Dutch airline KLM, according to PlanesPotters.net, Boeing New Generation is flying at the age of 9.3 years. For the American Southwest Airlines, according to USA Today and the airfleets.net portal, aged 9.7 years. Machines Boeing 737 Classic (300, 400 and 500 modifications) of this airline on average for more than 22 years.

As for Airbus, the A320 fleet in the German Germanwings 23 years. The American Delta, flying together with Aeroflot in the SkyTeam Alliance, is 20.7 years old. A319 aircraft from Delta - 13.8 years.

The most age model of aircraft flying in Russia is An-24. On average, they are 42.1 years old. The average age of another Soviet, still exploited Yak-42 aircraft - 24.7 years.

Soviet aircraft and modern Russian (with the exception of Sukhoi Superjet), in contrast to foreign, there are problems with detail. The mass production of such machines is stopped, so you have to order components of the venous, which is more expensive, says Sergey Koval, the departure of the monitoring department and the authenticity of civil aviation. As a result, Soviet cars sometimes put details with fake documents. According to Koval, up to 8% of illegal details on the market, and from 2001 to 2015, 50 serious incidents occurred due to problems with detail (incidents with aircraft and helicopters).

What happened to the Soviet Design Bureau

Saratov Aviation Plant, which produced Yak aircraft, goancroken and completely eliminated. Design bureau, developed by Soviet aircraft - KB Tupolev and KB Yakovlev (now in the composition of the United Aircraft Building Corporation,) - continue to exist mainly due to the maintenance of the remaining ships, says Koval. KB Antonova (now the state enterprise "Antonov") is located in Ukraine.

The age of the aircraft, according to professionals, is not reflected in its technical condition and airworthiness. "I'm not asking as a commander of the ship: you will give me an old plane or I will fly on a new thing," this is absolutely not interested in me, "explains Smirnov. The main thing is whether the aircraft maintenance and repairs have passed throughout life. In addition, each part of the aircraft has its own resources. By that time, Smirnov says, "as an aircraft turns 17 years old, these details can be replaced several times."

The study showed that 58.7% of the Russian park aircraft was only one or two operators. And more than ten air carriers changed each other - only 3% of the sides in the baggage. Moreover, in many cases, two alone and the same companies used aircraft in turn. So, for example, the airline of the airline "Izhavia" Yak-42: according to airfleets.net, if we take into account the alternating alone and the same carriers, in 28 and a half years he changed 20 operators. According to Smirnova, professionals with distrust relate to the aircraft flying earlier "in countries with high humidity, for example in Africa." However, this car is the lessor and the owner are obliged to put in order. In this regard, its lessor is important for the technical condition of the aircraft, and not the previous operator, the expert believes.

As a rule, carriers refuse to aircraft for economic reasons, and not because of its resource, the study of Avalon leasing company (offices in the USA, Ireland, Dubai, Singapore and China). In Russia, foreign and new domestic models of aircraft cease to be operated in 20-23, says the scientific officer of HSE Kramarenko. World indicators, according to Avalon, are similar.

Age preferences of airlines

Russian airlines with the most age park use the Soviet aircraft. Among the carriers with ten and more onboard the most age park - 41.2 years - from Turukhan, which is part of the UTAIR group. It mainly performs custom flights, including extractive companies. But "Turukhana" has regular transportation, so his aircraft were included in our study.

In Russia, 16 companies operating for regular and charter transportation aircraft over 25 years old (see table).

The youngest park - the "Victory", which began to recently work "daughters" "Aeroflot". Its sides of the only year. At Aeroflot, the middle age of the park, according to RBC calculations, is 4.6 years. The aircraft ceased flights "Transaero" on average was 18.6 years (fleet S7 - 9.2 years, and Utair is 14 years old). In 2005-2008, many Russian airlines, including the carriers of the "Big Four", when the fuel prices went up, massively updated the park, preferring aircraft with a lower consumption of fuel. In particular, and this is explained by a rather young fleet of foreign aircraft in Russia, notes Friedlyand.

From April 1, 2001, the norm of the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) entered into force, which established reduced levels of noise of aircraft engines flying in Europe. Almost all Soviet and Russian aircraft of that time were not falling under the new criteria: Tu-134, Tu-154B, Tu-154m, IL-62, IL-86. Thus, airlines actively flying to Europe and who followed transit over European countries were forced to change the old noisy cars to new imported.

Looker "Victory" is the youngest Russian air carrier with the youngest Park. Their Boeing on average just a year (photo: TASS)

The essential plug between the middle age of the aircraft of various companies is abroad. According to the rating of the Bloomberg Agency, compiled in January 2013, the American Delta has an average age - 15.8 years old, Southwest Airlines - 14.7, Aeromexico - 15.2, Lufthansa - 12.4, Air France - 11.5, Ryanair - five years.

Each company itself chooses that it is economically more efficient for it: a new or age plane, emphasizes Mirgorodsky. For example, the purchase of a new Boeing 737-800 will cost about $ 48-55 million. The same ten-year-old model will cost $ 16-18 million, says the head of the Gold Leasing Company "Nsky Leasing Alexander Kochetkov. But old airplanes require and maintenance costs. Not all Companies may afford to pay such amounts at the same time - it is necessary to take cars into leases. In Russia, according to Ilyushin Finance Co., leasing at least 80% of operated aircraft.

This is exactly what the largest player of the market is also done - Aeroflot, which gathered in 2025 to enter the top 20 global air carriers on revenue and passenger traffic. For this purpose, the airline has not only increases for several years, but also refreshes his park, the general director Vitaly Savelyev has repeatedly spoke in his interview. "It's hard to compete on the world market on the world market," explains the Mirgorod strategy. The older models of Aeroflot gives both their "daughters" - Avrora airlines, "Orenburg Airlines", "Donavia", "Russia".

But many companies even do not have enough money for leasing of new aircraft. Transaero, for example, who dreamed of a public competitor, because of expensive borrowing funding, as herself was recognized in his financial statements, he struck the fleet with cheap foreign and non-iron machines, wrote "Vedomosti". After the devaluation of the ruble, at the end of last year, leasing for Russian companies was significantly rose even on old airplanes (leasing payments are carried out in currency. - RBC), adds Mirgorodsky. According to Kochetkova estimates, the leasing of the new Boeing 737-800 per year costs an average of $ 4.2 million, ten years - in the amount of about $ 2 million.