Tourism as a kind of active holiday message. Active tourism: product specificity

Able to solve health problems with strict adherence to the correct mode of movement in the terrain, when performing preparatory hardening activities and with some knowledge of the prevention of diseases. Tourism as a form of active recreation involves the implementation of any kind of travel. This can be either a trip on various types of transport, or a hiking trip (and often both at the same time). When engaging in tourism, you can have a good rest, while changing the environment and nature of the activity, admire the beautiful natural landscapes on the way, get acquainted with various cultural and historical sights of different regions, communicate with other participants of the trip and people living in the visited settlements... When carrying out such an active holiday, it is important to know the peculiarities of dosing physical activity, take into account the requirements for catering and be able to choose the right clothes for travel.

When doing tourism, adaptation to stress is much easier than when playing sports. The marching mode is the best possible way to quickly adapt to new conditions. While moving around the area on foot, and even with an additional load in the form of a backpack over his shoulders, almost all the muscles of the human body receive a pretty decent physical load. Therefore, when actively moving on a tourist trip, it is necessary to periodically stop for rest and recuperation.

Despite the inevitable long physical stress during hiking, a properly organized tourist trip contributes to the formation of a cheerful mood and has a pronounced health-improving effect on human health.

However, with some omissions during tourism, not entirely desirable effects on the body are possible. For example, in the case of insufficient physical fitness of tourists, overwork and exhaustion may develop. Such consequences can also be caused by the presence of any chronic diseases that do not manifest themselves in the absence of physical activity in everyday life, but immediately make themselves felt in field conditions. Such factors, nevertheless, are not an absolute contraindication to the implementation of such an active type of recreation as tourism, however, in the presence of deviations in the state of health, one should carefully consider in advance the possible loads on the participants of the hike. For example, when actively moving on rough terrain, you need to calculate the load on each participant in such a way as to prevent the development of overwork and prevent a decrease in concentration. A prolonged absence of stops for rest during a hike is fraught with the development of a state of fatigue in a person, while the tourist becomes more susceptible to injuries and is much less able to adequately act in possible emergency situations.

Thus, tourism is a publicly available active form of recreation, but at the same time it requires both physical and psychological readiness of a person to endure physical exertion while traveling.

Tourism as a form of active recreation is becoming more and more popular in modern conditions. People who spend 9-10 hours of the day in offices and offices 5-6 days a week, and after work see only TV and a bed, prefer to spend time in a different way at least during their vacation. At the same time, a hike with tents for any number of days today is not associated with restrictions and problems, because the quality of tourist equipment allows everyone to equip their trip as comfortably as possible.

The PharmaMir store can be a good helper in the collection of every traveler. The large selection and variety of products for outdoor activities and travel can satisfy the needs and wishes of even the most significant tourism professionals. Equipment, camping tents, sleeping bags, camping utensils, camping furniture, as well as lamps, lanterns and even heaters - this is far from full list what a modern tourist can take with him on a trip.
It is better to purchase any equipment for a hike in specialized stores. This is especially true for those tourists who are going to have an active vacation for the first time. Experienced consultants can advise on what items will be needed on the hike and what will be just an extra burden along the way. When buying tourist equipment, you need to constantly remember that you will have to carry all things on yourself, so the need for each thing should be considered carefully and from all sides.

Tourist backpacks in the PharmaMir store are located separately from all goods and occupy a special niche, since this is a symbolic item for every tourist. Half of the success of the whole event depends on the size, lightness and convenience of the backpack. The backpack should be not only roomy, but also comfortable for the body, because it should be carried on the back. Soft but durable shoulder straps, quality tailoring, water resistance, reliable fasteners and locks - this is not a complete list of characteristics that a good travel backpack should have.

Similar requirements apply to almost all things and accessories that must be taken with you on a camping trip. No matter how many days the trip lasts, all situations and possible needs during it must be thought out with great care. In order for active rest to bring only positive emotions and good memories, preparation for it should last as long, if not longer than the hike itself.
And in order to reduce the amount of time spent on choosing tourist equipment, and not to be nervous about the need for this or that thing, it is better to seek help from professionals who will not only tell you what is needed or not needed during the hike, but also help you choose the right types and brands of leisure goods.

CHIEF EDITOR'S COLUMN

ACTIVE TOURISM AS A MODERN DIRECTION OF TOURINDUSTRY

Dear readers and colleagues!

In the context of the current year proclaimed by the UN General Assembly as the "International Year of Sustainable Tourism for Development", we have an excellent opportunity to consider all the variety of forms and parameters of sustainability in the industry. One of these forms, without a doubt, can be considered active tourism. After all, the truth has long been known that movement is life!

Russia has a unique experience in the development of tourism as a sport. This is the rare case when tourism in the context of the personality of a tourist acts not only as a sphere of consumption of services, but also as a sphere of their provision. After all, people who are professionally engaged in sports tourism are a powerful personnel reserve of rescuers in the natural environment. It is generally accepted that sports tourism is also the most budgetary in comparison with other types and forms of tourism, which is especially attractive for young people (including such formats as backpacking, volunteerism, etc.).

But in modern conditions, there is a rapid growth in the types of active tourism based on the use of modern means of transportation and equipment, which makes open even for ordinary tourists those regions in which the development of tourism was previously out of the question - high-mountainous, arctic, desert, swampy, etc.

The growing popularity of both active tourism and forms of active recreation, to which mainly the youth environment is committed, lays a powerful foundation for the further development of tourism as an industry and service industry. After all, the passion for active tourism in youth forms a person who gets used to travel and experiences a steady need for it. With age, a person most often begins to use

ACTIVE TOURISM AS A MODERN TREND OF TOURISM INDUSTRY

Distinguished readers & colleagues!

The United Nations (UN) has declared 2017 as the International Year of Sustainable Tourism for Development. In this context we have an excellent opportunity to examine the diversity of forms and parameters of sustain-ability in the industry. Active tourism is no doubt one of them. After all, it "s a well known truth that life is movement!

Russia has a unique experience in the tourism development as a sport. This is the rare case when tourism in the context of a tourist's personality is not only a sphere of consumption of services, but also the sphere of their provision. Nonetheless, people professionally engaged in sports tourism is a powerful reserve of rescuers in the natural environment. Sports tourism is generally understood to be the cheapest as compared to other types and forms of tourism. This makes different types of sports tourism especially attractive for young people, such as backpacking, volunteering tourism, etc.

But in modern conditions there is a rapid growth of active tourism based on the use of modern means of transportation and equipment. This opens even for ordinary tourists inaccessible regions, where it was absolutely impossible to develop tourism formerly -highlands, arctic, desert, marshy and others.

The growth of the popularity of both active tourism and active recreation, which is mostly youth-friendly, lays a powerful foundation for the further tourism development as an branch and the service industry. After all, the enthusiasm for active tourism in at young ages forms a person who is accustomed to travel and experiences a stable need in this. With aging, a person often begins to feel the need for more comfortable conditions for rest, he needs better service. This is how homo touristicus is formed - a man of a new

to experience the need for more comfortable conditions for rest, he needs a better service. This is how homo touristicus is formed - a person of a new type, striving for knowledge of the world through his own personal feelings experienced at the place of travel. Hence, it is logical to conclude that active tourism is the basis, the foundation of the tourism industry, without which the industry may not have clear and precise prospects. Therefore, it is so important to support and develop in every possible way the forms of active tourism. It is worth remembering that active youth tourism in the vast majority of cases is carried out on the territory of their native country, and this is the basis for the formation of a stable "first love" - ​​patriotism, the ability to see the best and the beautiful in their own country, homeland-centered thinking. This controversial statement is still awaiting its practical confirmation, but something gives reason to consider it axiomatic.

Naturally, active tourism is not limited only to the youth audience, it is often preferred by men of various age categories, and recently it has become in demand among middle-aged and older women. This phenomenon should be studied in detail and understood the motivation that drives a variety of people to engage in active types of tourism. This will make it possible to personify offers in the tourism market, identify demand factors and offer a fundamentally new service that meets the client's expectations in the segment of active recreation and tourism. In the current issue of the journal, articles are presented that provide an interesting regional cut of the experience in the development of some types of active tourism in Russia, reveal the resource potential and forms of organization of this direction of tourism in our country that have not yet been thoroughly studied. We hope that in future issues our authors will continue to share with us their experience in the development of active tourism in the regions of Russia and other countries of the world.

Chief editor prof. O.E. Afanasiev

type, striving to cognize the world through his own personal feelings experienced in the place of travel. This allows us to make the logical conclusion that active tourism is the foundation without which the industry may not have clear and distinct prospects. Therefore, it is important to support and actively develop active tourism. It should also be recalled that youthful active tourism in the vast majority of cases is carried out on the territory of motherland. In turn, this is the basis for forming a stable "first love" - ​​patriotism, the ability to see the best and beautiful in the home country and to be focused on native land. This discussion statement still awaits its practical confirmation, but something gives grounds to consider it axiomatic.

Naturally, active tourism is not destined only for youth audiences. It is often preferred by men of different ages, and recently it has become popular in the middle and older women "s environment. This phenomenon should be studied in detail and the motivation driving a variety of people to engage in active forms of tourism should be understood. This will make it possible to personify the offers on the tourism market, to identify the demand factors and propose a completely new service, corresponding to the client "s expectations, in the segment of active leisure and tourism. The current issue of the journal presents articles providing an interesting regional cross-section of the experience of the some types of active tourism development in Russia. They reveal resource potential and forms of organizing this tourism direction in our country that have not been thoroughly studied. We hope that in future issues our authors will continue to share with us the experience of developing active tourism in the regions of Russia and other countries of the world.

Editor-in-chief Prof. Oleg E. Afanasiev

You can travel in different ways. There are tourist trips in foreign countries- foreign tourism. There is something similar inside the country: by motor ship from Perm to Astrakhan, or by motor ship from Krasnoyarsk to Dikson, or by train around the cities, or by plane on weekends from Yekaterinburg to St. Petersburg, etc. These are not active trips - they are made without the expenditure of physical strength and intellectual abilities.

The possibilities of organizing tourist trips in our country are practically unlimited.

Russia has a huge territory stretching over two continents (Europe and Asia). Almost all natural and climatic zones from the icy arctic deserts to the subtropics of the Western Caucasus are found in these vast spaces. The relief forms of the country are varied, contrasting: lowlands, hills, plateaus, mountains of various heights.

Its shores are washed by 12 seas of three oceans. The number of our streams, rivers, rivers, lakes is estimated in millions. So there is enough exotic for everyone. For tens of years, tens of thousands of tourists have been hiking, but even now and in the future, anyone who wishes will find a route that no one has passed before.

Serious tourist travels are known across the tundra, the desert, and other rather monotonous landscapes. But those journeys attracted qualified adult tourists with their sportiness - the difficulty of overcoming difficult terrain that stretches endlessly. Mountainous areas are more attractive for travelers. They concentrate different natural objects: peaks, passes, ridges, kars, glaciers, snowfields, lakes, rivers.

Everyone has their own idea of ​​what a "big river" is, " high mountain"," dense forest "," endless steppe. "The more rivers, mountains, forests and steppes I saw, the more accurate these representations. Not everyone correctly imagines what a glacier, kar, a cave is. Explanations are of little help here. these objects yourself, preferably in childhood.

Based on the foregoing, the essence of active tourist travel is that travelers themselves choose their goals - natural objects that they would like to visit (see); they themselves plot a route that ensures the rational overcoming of obstacles, the achievement of the selected goals.

Modern active travel is a model of those research expeditions that discovered and studied the Earth. Tourists (especially children) also discover and explore new territories. It is better to see once than hear a hundred times. A person can see the taiga and steppe, desert and tundra with his own eyes. Only those who have traveled a lot to different regions have a correct idea of ​​the size of their country, the Earth as a whole. For couch potatoes, airplanes and television, mail and telegraph have compressed the Earth to the size of a small ball on which their house stands. Everything else is somewhere far away, but within one day's journey.

Active routes are mainly determined by the following criteria, guided by two criteria: the travel area must be accessible (the existing transport network must ensure its rapid and reliable reaching); the route should be short, interesting (varied) and fairly simple.

Active travel involves close human interaction with nature. Trees and bushes provide firewood. Food is cooked on a fire, a fire can turn into a fire. You can sail on the river by boat or raft, but you have to be careful - you can drown in the river. The rain creates great inconvenience for tourists, but it feeds the rivers, water the plants. These and similar observations and impressions can form in people an understanding of the dependence of people on nature, nature on people, the relationship of natural phenomena, will make it possible to realize themselves as a part of nature.

The activity of the trip consists in the fact that the goal and the way to it are determined and announced in advance (the route is "declared"). Failure to pass the route, its change means failure, failure of the trip, defeat of the team (tourist group). Of course, everything here is rather arbitrary, but such conventions are inherent in sports in general.

There is active tourism and a specific feature. Stubborn pursuit of a conditional goal on a campaign requires caution. Otherwise, another, no longer conditional, task may arise - how to return alive. Defeat here can mean not a conditional loss, but a tough, unconditional question: "How to get out, survive?"

Active travel - long (days, weeks) - a complex event. It requires a lot of physical (strength, endurance, techniques) and intellectual (tactical tasks, techniques) efforts. You cannot foresee everything in advance. Adventures await us on the route. It is necessary to be able to carry out what was planned in a concrete real situation. Of course, this can be done if it was possible to more or less accurately guess (foresee!) What awaits on the route, and if the travelers have a stock of opportunities to overcome surprises.

The so-called "wild" tourism adjoins active tourism. "Wild" tourists have a more or less pronounced intention to visit the area, to see certain objects.

But they do not have a specific route that they must take. Formally, this is expressed in the fact that they did not "declare" the trip. Depending on the situation during the trip, "wild" tourists adjust their intentions, change the route. It is clear that there is no clear line between active and "wild" tourism.

Tourism is able to solve health problems with strict adherence to the correct mode of movement in the terrain, when performing preparatory hardening activities and with some knowledge of the prevention of diseases. Tourism as a form of active recreation involves the implementation of any kind of travel. This can be either a trip on various types of transport, or a hiking trip (and often both at the same time). When engaging in tourism, you can have a good rest, changing the environment and nature of the activity, admire the beautiful natural landscapes on the way, get acquainted with various cultural and historical sights of different regions, communicate with other participants of the trip and people living in the visited settlements. When carrying out such an active holiday, it is important to know the peculiarities of dosing physical activity, take into account the requirements for catering and be able to choose the right clothes for travel. leisure recreational tourism

When doing tourism, adaptation to stress is much easier than when playing sports. The marching mode is the best possible way to quickly adapt to new conditions. While moving around the area on foot, and even with an additional load in the form of a backpack over his shoulders, almost all the muscles of the human body receive a pretty decent physical load. Therefore, when actively moving on a tourist trip, it is necessary to periodically stop for rest and recuperation.

Despite the inevitable long-term physical activity during hiking, a properly organized tourist trip contributes to the formation of a cheerful mood and has a pronounced healing effect on human health.

However, with some omissions during tourism, not entirely desirable effects on the body are possible. For example, in the case of insufficient physical fitness of tourists, overwork and exhaustion may develop. Such consequences can also be caused by the presence of any chronic diseases that do not manifest themselves in the absence of physical activity in everyday life, but immediately make themselves felt in field conditions. Such factors, nevertheless, are not an absolute contraindication to the implementation of such an active type of recreation as tourism, however, in the presence of deviations in the state of health, one should carefully consider in advance the possible loads on the participants of the hike. For example, when actively moving on rough terrain, you need to calculate the load on each participant in such a way as to prevent the development of overwork and prevent a decrease in concentration. A prolonged absence of stops for rest during a hike is fraught with the development of a state of fatigue in a person, while the tourist becomes more susceptible to injuries and is much less able to adequately act in possible emergency situations.

Thus, tourism is a publicly available active form of recreation, but at the same time it requires both physical and psychological readiness of a person to endure physical exertion while traveling.

Tourism is usually divided into two types:

• - recreational tourism - a classic type of tourism, including "health" ("beach", "vacation") and educational (excursion);
• - sports tourism, which is based on competitions on routes that include overcoming categorized obstacles in the natural environment (passes, peaks, rapids, canyons, caves, etc.), and at distances laid in the natural environment and on artificial terrain.

Sports tourism in Russia is a national sport with a long tradition. It includes not only the sports component, but also a special spiritual sphere, and the way of life of the lovers of wanderings themselves. Development centers sports tourism there are still non-profit tourist clubs, although many tourists run them on their own. The type of sport "Sports tourism" is included in the All-Russian register of sports

• - business tourism;
• - astronomical tourism;
• - business tourism;
• - congress tourism;
• - shopping tourism;
• - extreme tourism;
• - industrial tourism;
• - archaeological tourism;
• - gastronomic tourism;
• - military tourism.

Each of these types of tourism can be subdivided into more specialized subspecies.

In our time, scientific and technological progress has affected almost all spheres of human life, depriving a person of physical activity. As a result, health and emotional problems appear. Since the population of the earth devotes a significant part of their life to recreation, when choosing a type of recreation, people care not only about making the new trip rich and interesting, but also about making it healthier. In this case, part of the population, tired of a sedentary lifestyle, chooses active tourism in order to spend time with benefits for the body. Active tourism in Russia it is developing very intensively.

The object of the research is the theoretical aspects of active tourism. The subject of the research is active tourism and its types.

The objectives of this article:

Identify the differences between similar concepts;

Divide active tourism into types;

Make a conclusion about the importance of active tourism.

Before moving on to the concept of "active tourism", it is necessary to familiarize yourself with the definition of "tourism".

Tourism - temporary trips (travel) of people to another country or locality, different from the place of permanent residence for medical - health-improving, cognitive, health-improving, professional-business, religious and other purposes without engaging in activities related to income from sources in the country (place of) temporary stay.

A person who wants to change the environment, improve his health, learn something new about the culture, life, traditions of other countries is called a tourist. Thanks to tourists, there is a whole tourism industry.

Active tourism provides for the types of recreation and travel, entertainment, sports ( hiking, climbing on rocks, sports games, rafting on rough rivers, underwater tourism, safari, etc.), requiring significant physical exertion.

Often, between the concepts of active rest and active tourism, various travel companies put an equal sign, but these concepts are completely different: for example, if someone paddles for a day for pleasure, this is active recreation, and if in order to swim to an inaccessible attraction, this is active tourism.

The same situation occurs with the concept of sports tourism, which is also often equated with the concept of active tourism. However, there are the following differences between them: sports tourism involves very significant physical activity, which only trained athletes can do, and most active tours are designed in such a way that the most ordinary person can cope with the proposed physical activity; sports tours are focused on harsh conditions and "overcoming the elements" in contrast to active tourism, which involves the presence comfortable conditions stay.

Active tourism is not just a type of travel, it includes various tours, such as adventure:

Visiting volcanoes, exotic places, waterfalls, islands, etc. These are usually non-standard tours to exotic and ecologically clean natural reservations, which are associated with unusual travel, non-traditional means of transportation.

Safari, fishing, hunting, photo hunting, rides on snowmobiles and all-terrain vehicles in winter or on jeeps in rugged and inaccessible terrain.

Tours to the sites of disasters (earthquakes, floods, volcanic eruptions, man-made disasters, for example, a helicopter tour of the Chernobyl nuclear power plant) and extreme situations, for example, contemplation of an execution, public executions, etc. Insurance for an adventure tour can cost significantly more.

Active tourism can be conditionally divided into summer, winter and other types of tourism.

1.Summer tourism can be: on the surface (land), water, in the sky.

on the surface (land):

Cycling tourism

Walking tourism (tracking) is a type of sports tourism;

Speleotourism is visiting and exploring caves by travelers;

Mountaineering;

Rock climbing.

Water tourism is one of the types of sports tourism, which consists in overcoming the route along the water surface on various floating facilities: catamarans, kayaks, rafts, canoes. There are several types of boating:

Rafting on rivers,

Sailing tourism,

Sea kayaking is travel on lakes, seas, oceans, flat rivers and reservoirs, using a rowing boat;

Rafting - the passage of stormy, mountain rivers with elements of obstacles (rapids, waterfalls) on specially designed floating facilities - rafts, catamarans;

Windsurfing - riding on an oval carbon fiber board with a rough surface for stability and stabilizer fins on the lower plane, and a small sail that is attached to the board;

Surfing - riding the waves without a sail. Surfing itself is the progenitor of windsurfing;

Water skiing is a sport where an athlete is towed by a motor boat and held on the surface by one or two water skis;

Kiting - a kite used to tow a person on water or land using surf equipment, skis and snowboards;

Diving is scuba diving with special devices that ensure the swimmer's breathing;

Hang gliding - flying on a device with the help of legs;

Paragliding is paragliding;

Skydiving;

Hot air balloon travel;

Flights on sports planes.

2.Winter tourism:

Ski tourism;

Skiing;

Telemark (free heel) - skiing that uses a specific turn, due to the free heel and the knee tucked inward with each turn;

Snowboarding is going down the snow. mountain slopes on a specially equipped board. He is more active, aggressive and extreme view rather than downhill skiing;

Skitour - mountain tourism using skis and special bindings for climbing uphill (ski mountaineering);

Snowmobiling;

Dog sled travel.

3.Other types of tourism:

Sports tourism is a sport based on competitions on routes that include overcoming categorized obstacles in the natural environment (passes, peaks (in mountain tourism), rapids (in water tourism), canyons, caves, etc.);

Sports (active) tourism - a type of active recreation; active and purposeful types of physical training and exercise, training, such as swimming, running, cycling, etc.;

Mountain tourism is a type of tourism that consists in the movement of a group of people with the help of muscular strength along a certain route laid in highlands in high altitude conditions;

Equestrian tourism is a form of active recreation, a type of sports tourism. Horseback riding, which has a healing effect on travelers, providing an active load on the entire skeletal muscles;

Automobile tourism is a popular form of recreation, travel using road transport along the main part of the route;

Adventure tourism is a type of tourism associated with the organization of non-standard tours to unexpected, exotic and ecologically clean corners of nature, as well as to nature reserves, using unusual and unconventional means of transportation around the area. Adventure tourism includes hiking expeditions, safari tours (hunting, fishing, photography, etc.), circumnavigation(yachting);

Extreme tourism is one of the types of tourist recreation, in one way or another, associated with risk;

Military tourism involves sightseeing flights on military combat aircraft and helicopters, tank tours as part of a crew, one-day combat shooting at military ranges, etc.;

Combined tours. In the classic version, such trips are a group excursion program with a visit different cities one state and subsequent vacation on the coast, originated in Europe. However, in terms of active recreation and adventure in the vastness of Russia, combined tours are a combination of hiking and water travel, equestrian and water recreation, etc.

Combined tours are the most common outdoor activities today. They allow combining two or more different directions of active tourism in the shortest possible time.

As a rule, the consumers of active tourism are quite young people. If earlier more than half of the clients were 35-45-year-olds, now there are no more than 20% of people of this age, and the bulk of them are 18-34-year-olds (54%).

Thus, tourism contributes to the health of the body, education of curiosity, volitional qualities. Camping life develops observation, intelligence, courage, determination, independence.

In conclusion, it should be noted that active types of tourism are not suitable for everyone who wants to go on this kind of tour. This may be due to the person's physical or psychological condition, which will not allow him to participate in a dynamic, non-standard, and sometimes extreme journey. For such people, there are passive types of tourism, which are focused on a calmer and less stressful tour or tourist travel program in terms of physical activity. They are designed for people who are more inclined to measured rest, cognitive tours that require a less strenuous cycle of movement and physical exertion. This is a vacation at a sea, mountain resort, hydropathic establishment, wellness tours, tours for treatment, tours for families with children, older tourists and pensioners.