How to get to the eastern bank of the shartash. Yekaterinburg, Lake Shartash

Lake Shartash and its surroundings in Sverdlovsk region is unique nature reserve... Researchers have established that it was formed about 1 million years ago. In fact, the reserve consists of two reservoirs - this is Big and Small Shartash, but it is the large main lake that causes the greatest interest among tourists and scientists.

This is located nature Park on the outskirts of the city of Yekaterinburg. Lake Shartash resembles a huge bean in shape, spread out in the middle of a huge pit.

Historical reference

The lake, which appeared in prehistoric times, surrounded by high banks, has practically not changed in the entire history of its existence. The flora and fauna of its shores, of course, have undergone some changes. And giant ferns gave way to needles and flowers, and the habitat of lizards is now inhabited by elks and bears. The cultures of the tribes who settled on the shores in different eras also changed. Archaeologists and historians do not exclude that somewhere in the vicinity of Shartash there is an ancestral home ancient civilization…

Geography and Geology

Now, on the site of ancient sites, the handsome Yekaterinburg is spread. Lake Shartash stores a huge amount of sapropel in its depths. Until the last century, this body of water was flowing and had a flow into the nearby.This flow was located just west of the village of Peski. Nowadays, the water level in the lake is maintained by fifty springs.

The village Shartash is located on the northern shore of the reservoir. The first mentions of it date back to the 17th century. The village of Izoplit is located in the east. By the way, the eastern shore of Lake Shartash (Yekaterinburg) is open for swimming.

To the south is located locality Sands.

origin of name

Hydronym "Shartash" Turkic (Bashkir or Many researchers suggest that it is based on the fusion of two roots: "sary" (yellow, white, light) and "tash" (stone). In this case, the toponym is associated with the shade of the rocks surrounding the lake. The well-known toponymist A. K. Matveev gives a different version: in his opinion, the triplet "ball" can be associated with the Bashkir word "swamp." Perhaps there are other versions of the origin of the toponym.

Younger brother

The nature reserve we mentioned is famous not only for this reservoir. Another attraction that Yekaterinburg is famous for is Lake Shartash Maly. Although it does not have such fame, it is no less amazing place. Once, both reservoirs were connected by a canal, but now they are swampy and overgrown.

In shape, Maly Shartash resembles a grain and has a rather modest size. Streams flow out of the lake and flow into the Istok River (a tributary of the Iset). West bank the reservoir is bordered by granite outliers, which are also called "tents".

The shores of this lake also keep traces of ancient people. According to historical sources, it was inhabited in the Stone and Iron Age.

Shartash forest park

The southern and southeastern shores of Lake Shartash are covered with mixed forest. Both traditionally wild and urban plant species grow in it. The pearl of the forest park is a historical and geological monument " Stone tents".

There are several other interesting sights for tourists and explorers on the territory of the forest park. For example, an ancient altar, an archaeological site. And in 2012, on the shore of Shartash, near the boat station, scientists from the Institute of History and Archeology discovered another object - traces of a Neolithic settlement.

Yekaterinburg, Lake Shartash, a forest park and "Stone Tents" are also of interest to sports fans. Tourists and athletes come here not only from all over Russian Federation but from abroad. Climbers are attracted by the unique megaliths. The sports trails of the forest park are open to cyclists and roller skaters. And the eastern shore of Lake Shartash (Yekaterinburg) is equipped with wonderful beaches. In different years, depending on the conditions, other coasts are also open for swimming. In addition, there is a boat station on the lake.

Swimming in the lake

The place is considered very clean, in any case, most of the city's residents are sure of this. The reservoir, which Yekaterinburg is so proud of, Lake Shartash, pleases the eye with its blue iridescent water. But, apparently, the composition of water is to the liking of not only humans. Sanitary doctors regularly make samples, periodically identifying the causative agents of dangerous diseases.

Most of the bottom surface is silted up. In some places there are rather sharp protruding rocky debris. The average depth of the lake is only 3 meters, but in some places there are depressions up to 5.5 meters deep.

The eastern shore of Lake Shartash (Yekaterinburg) has a less muddy bottom, and the water is cleaner there. But even this zone is sometimes under the scrutiny of the sanitary station. During periods of the threat of infection with infectious diseases, the beaches of the lake are closed.

Tourist infrastructure

The welcoming lake Shartash (Yekaterinburg) awaits guests all year round. Rest on its shores can be both active and relaxing. Those who are tired of the bustle of the city and just want peace, hospitable camp sites await. Many small restaurants and cozy cafes are huddled on the shore of the lake.

Local residents living in nearby villages rent out housing to fans of green tourism. Such a vacation may seem especially attractive to those who decide to go on a trip with children.

Tourists can easily find everything they need in shops located almost everywhere.

"Stone tents"

Lake Shartash (Yekaterinburg), the photos of which are similar to illustrations to old Russian fairy tales, are beautiful in their surroundings. The unique "Stone Tents" are an excellent confirmation of this. These are outlier rocks made of granite, located not far from the reservoir under consideration, practically within the city limits (Kirovsky district). In the Middle Urals, this object is considered the most unusual, picturesque, monumental and accessible monument natural beauty and ancient culture.

According to the latest archaeological data, up to 10 sites and settlements of ancient people were located on the banks of the Shartash. The earliest known today belong to the III millennium BC. e., and even to even earlier historical periods. Researchers note that these settlements, most likely, had elements and signs of an ancient religious cult. There is evidence of commercial production. The surface of the "Stone Tents" keeps traces of the fact that once there was a sacrificial site, apparently belonging to one of the ancient pagan cults.

It must be no wonder Lake Shartash, Yekaterinburg, the beach on its shore, green spaces around attract vacationers here. All these places have been chosen by man almost since prehistoric times.

Today Shartash stones keep many testimonies of ancient times. It is sad that not all modern visitors to the unique park understand the importance and value of this. They leave evidence of their own stay in the reserve on ancient stones, sometimes irrevocably destroying priceless exhibits.

Travel

For those who decided to visit amazing lake Shartash (Yekaterinburg), it is better to know how to get there in advance.

If you plan to travel by car, the best way to get there is through Yekaterinburg. On the street Blucher, you need to head towards the exit from the city. Then go through the road bridge to the street. Driving by. Approximately 600 m from the bridge, you will see a T-shaped unregulated intersection. You need to turn right on it (towards the Hermitage Hotel). The coast is already visible from this place. Further movement occurs along it. You can get to the lake and public transport, departing from the side of concrete goods or Shefskaya.

It is also better to get to the "Stone Tents" from Yekaterinburg. There are trams of routes No. 8, 13, 15, 23, 32, as well as regular buses No. 25, 27, 61, 157. The stop is called "Stone Tents". Car owners need to follow the street. Malysheva on the continuing street. Vysotsky. The reserve is located directly opposite the end of the building of KOSK "Russia".

Lake Big Shartash is one of the few of its kind in the world! It was formed, according to the reasonable opinion of scientists, about 1 million years ago. And, interestingly, the shape of the lake, reminiscent of a bean bobbin (convex side - to the east), and located in a basin, has practically not changed since those distant eras. Only on its shores did the flora and fauna change, giant ferns were replaced by conifers and flowering plants, and lizards different types gave way to bears, elks, wolves on the wooded shores of the lake. It is believed that not only vegetation and animal world... The cultures of the human tribes that inhabited the shores in different historical epochs changed, and, perhaps, once there was the center of some ancient civilization, traces and indications of which no, no, and even appear to the inquisitive gaze of researchers of the mysterious ...

Over the millennia, a large amount of sapropel deposits have accumulated in the basin of the lake. Until the 20th century, the lake was flowing and had a flow into the Iset River. The Shartash runoff was located to the west of the modern village of Peski. Currently, it is closed, and the level of the lake is maintained at the expense of springs (springs), which are known for about fifty.

On the northern shore of the lake is the village of Shartash (known already since the 17th century!), On the eastern shore - the village. Isoplite, in the south - the village. Sands.

Toponymy

The hydronym "Shartash" is of Turkic (Bashkir or Tatar) origin; it is usually explained as the result of the merging of two roots: Sarah - "yellow" / "white" and tash - "stone", linking the meaning of the toponym with the shade of coastal rocks. This is how the well-known toponymist A.K. Matveev in his dictionaries, however, he also adds that the origin of this toponym is possibly connected with the Bashkir word ball - "swamp" (probably used in relation to the Maloshartash bog). It is possible that there are other readings of this toponym.

Lake Maly Shartash

This is a small, inaccessible lake, located southeast of Bolshoy Shartash among the swampy lowlands of the Maloshartash bog, and now overgrown with sedge and cattail. Once a canal was dug here, connecting Maly Shartash with Bolshoi, but now it is practically covered by sediments and overgrown.

The shape of the lake no longer resembles the "bean" of Big Shartash, but rather a grain of wheat, and its size is noticeably smaller. Streams run out of the lake feeding the rivers at The source is the left tributary of the Iset. The western coast is bordered by granite outliers - "tents" like the large Shartash stone tents.

In the epoch of the New Stone Age and the "iron", the surroundings of Maly Shartash were also inhabited by ancient people, like the shores of Bolshoy Shartash, as evidenced by the traces of settlements on its north-western coast.

They investigated Shartash

Over the past 300 years, Shartash tents and Shartash lake have been studied by many famous world-class scientists.

Pallas, Peter Simon (Peter Simon Pallas; 1741-1811) - the famous German and Russian scientist-encyclopedist, naturalist, geographer and traveler of the XVIII-XIX centuries. He became famous for scientific expeditions across the territory of Russia, including an expedition to the Urals - in the second half of the 18th century. He made a significant contribution to world and Russian science - biology, geography, geology, philology and ethnography.

Lepekhin Ivan Ivanovich (1740-1802), councilor of state and gentleman, traveler and naturalist, academician of the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences. He participated in many scientific expeditions that explored various Russian provinces from a natural and ethnographic point of view: in 1768-1772 he traveled, partly one, partly with Pallas, across the Urals, the Volga region, Western Siberia, the Russian North and the western Russian provinces of Russia.

Von Humboldt, Friedrich Alexander (Friedrich Wilhelm Heinrich Alexander Freiherr von Humboldt, 1769-1859, Berlin) - German encyclopedic scientist, physicist, meteorologist, geographer, botanist, zoologist and traveler. Thanks to Humboldt's research, the scientific foundations of geomagnetism were laid. Member of the Berlin (1800), Prussian and Bavarian Academies of Sciences. Honorary member of the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences (1818).

Hoffman, Ernest Karlovich (Ernst Reinhold Hofmann, 1801 -1871) - famous Russian (born in Dorpat (Tartu) - in present-day Estonia) geologist, geographer, traveler. In 1828 he investigated Southern Urals, together with Helmersen, having published in Berlin the work "Geognostische Untersuchung der Süd-Uralgebirges" (1831). In 1843 he went to Eastern Siberia to study gold-bearing placers; report of this trip [...]

Rose, Gustav (Gustav Rose, 1798 - 1873) - German mineralogist and geologist; professor of mineralogy at the University of Berlin. Rose accompanied Alexander von Humboldt on his travels in the Urals and Siberia. In the field of mineralogy, Rose established the crystal-chemical system of minerals. He was the first to give a description of gold-bearing rocks - beresite and listvenite (after the name of the Berezovskiye factories and Listvyanoy mountain in the vicinity of Shartash and [...]

Claire Onisim Egorovich (1845-1920). Born in Switzerland, in Corcelles, kanton Bern. Educator, ethnographer, founder of UOLE - the Ural Society of Natural Science Lovers, its scientific secretary and president. Graduated from the industrial school in Neuchâtel in Switzerland (1862).

Claire Modest Onisimovich (1879-1966) - Russian geologist, paleontologist, hydrogeologist, ethnographer. Author of over 60 works on geology, hydrogeology, paleontology and local history. Son of the Yekaterinburg ethnographer, founder of O. E. Kler. Associate Professor of the Ural Mining Institute (since 1918). He taught at universities in Sverdlovsk until 1951.

In the middle to the end of the XX century and the beginning of the XXI century. Shartash tents attracted the attention of a number of scientists: geographers, geologists, archaeologists, as well as local historians (Golovko V.K. and others) and tourists. Shartash was investigated and described in their books by famous Ural scientists.

Lake Shartash in Yekaterinburg is a natural monument that has come down to us through the millennia. This reservoir is unique in its own way; it has miraculously survived to the present day. Despite external factors and internal processes, the lake continues to exist and is even gradually recovering. This beautiful creation of nature will be discussed in the article.

Lake Shartash

There is Lake Shartash in Yekaterinburg, which is located in the Kirovsky district, in the north-east of the city. This lake used to belong to the Iset River, more precisely, to its basin. Shartash was formed over 1 million years ago.

Lake Shartash is 3.8 km long and 2.8 km wide, and total area it reaches about 7.4 km 2. The reservoir is shallow, or rather, shallow, since its average depth is about three meters, and the maximum is 4.7 meters.

Lake Shartash in Yekaterinburg feeds on water from surface runoff with the help of streams and atmospheric precipitation. The bottom of the reservoir gradually descends from the top point down to the center of the lake. The bottom surface is silty, mainly consisting of sapropel, these are centuries-old deposits of organic matter that people have learned to use for their needs.

History and name of the lake

There are two versions of the appearance of the name of Lake Shartash in Yekaterinburg. According to one of them, "ball" and "tash" in translation from Turkic mean "lake" and "yellow stone", respectively. The coastal rock next to the reservoir is indeed yellow in color. There is also a rather simplified version, which says that the name is translated as "whetstone" or "round stone".

The history of the lake goes back to antiquity, namely in the Neolithic period, about five to seven thousand years ago. More than two hundred archaeological sites and monuments have been registered in the nearby places of Lake Shartash in Yekaterinburg. It is known that ancient man arranged in these places their parking.

At the beginning of the 17th century, the first Russian settlement of people was formed here, who were hiding from the tsarist officials for various reasons. In the middle of the 17th century, the first gold mine deposit in Russia was discovered here. After that, intensive mining began and the Berezovsky mine was opened. For the extraction and washing of gold from the rock, water was needed, which was taken from the lake, which subsequently led to its shallowing.

Fishing on the lake

Fishing enthusiasts can often be found on the lake even in winter. In the reservoir there are such types of fish as:

• crucian carp;
• perch;
• chebak;
• gudgeon;
• ripus.

However, due to a number of reasons, fishing on Lake Shartash in Yekaterinburg is entertaining in nature, it is difficult to count on a large catch here. Mostly due to the fact that the lake is shallow and because the reservoir is often shallow and most of the fish die due to lack of oxygen.

Initially, the lake had a sufficient amount of water and was rich in fish resources. However, due to the use of water from the lake for gold mining, it gradually became shallow, and the fish population in it decreased significantly. It was only in Soviet times that they stopped taking water from the lake, and gradually it was possible to restore its previous level and fish resources. However, an insignificant amount of fish does not stop the fishermen, and they are trying with enviable persistence to get their valuable trophy.

Rest on Lake Shartash in Yekaterinburg

Today, a resort infrastructure is developing on Lake Shartash for many who want to relax by this beautiful reservoir. Comfortable recreation centers have already been built along the picturesque coast, which offer various services. There are also sports centers, the focus of which is focused on active recreation.

For tourists and vacationers, rental points of various water transport, as well as sports and playgrounds. Cafes and small restaurants have been built, in which various dishes, including local cuisine, can be prepared for a relatively low fee.

For fans of "wild" recreation there is an opportunity to settle down on the opposite bank in tents, which can also be rented. In the south-west of Lake Shartash there is the Shartash forest park, and next to it there are picturesque so-called Stone tents. These are granite rocks, behind which there is another forest park, which bears the same name.

Special status of Lake Shartash

Currently, measures have been taken to preserve and restore Lake Shartash. The first step towards this was taken in 2014, when the lake was officially granted the status of a natural monument. Any water intake from it was completely stopped and any construction on the adjacent and nearby territory was prohibited.

The so-called subbotniks are periodically held; on these days, groups of people collect garbage along coastline lakes. Moreover, strict control has been introduced over the recreation centers that are located here. Residents enthusiastically accepted this decision of the administration and fully supported it, because if the situation with the lake were allowed to flow, it would inevitably lead to the death of this beautiful reservoir.

Lake Shartash in Yekaterinburg looks very picturesque in the photo, but the photo cannot convey all the beauty of these places. Therefore, at the first opportunity, it is recommended to come to these Amazing places and enjoy the splendor of the local nature. You will take away from here a lot of pleasant memories that will remain for a long time.